How and why GraalVM is quickly becoming relevant for you (DOAG 2020)

How and why
GraalVM is
quickly becoming
relevant for you
DOAG 2020 | How and why GraalVM is quickly becoming relevant for you
DOAG 2020, November 2020
Lucas Jellema, CTO & Architect AMIS | Conclusion

• Spaghetti recht

• Spaghetti gekookt

Lifetime of a software application

A wonderful piece of machine

Cost Complexity Risk
1999 2020

Fit, Value and Agility

Big Bowl

(limited) Spring Boot
support for GraalVM
native images
2017
Some history on GraalVM
Project spun off from
Maxine VM
2012
Proof of Concept: a compiler written in Java (with all its
software engineering advantages) could generate highly
optimized code without compromising on compile times
2019
Twitter started to run its
many Scala applications
on the GraalVM JIT
Compiler to save money
and CPU cycles
20.2.0
August, 2020
WebLogic
Certified on
GraalVM
GraalVM
“productized”
at Oracle
ES2020
support
GraalVM
Advisory
Board
Spring Framework
5.3 with GraalVM
AOT support
(October 2020)
WebAssembly
support
Oracle
Database
MLE
GraalVM support in
Helidon, Micronaut &
Quarkus
Coherence
support for
GraalVM
Project Fn
GraalVM
enabled
Java 11
support
Node 12.18 and
iniitial ES2021
support
Ruby 2.6.6, Java
11.08, improved
VS Code support

bit.ly/graalvm-handson

Native
Polyglot
Interoperability

simple
runtime
stateless, single
request | event
handling
rapid
startup
fast
execution
small
application
footprint

Native?!
• a binary executable
• that runs on just a bare O/S
• possibly a minimal container or serverless function
• fast startup
• small footprint (disk & memory)
• simple environment
• fast execution
• typically short-lived stateless request or event processing
• not stateful and long running
• not happily ever faster JIT compilation but build time AOT

Run Time
Just in Time
compilation

Run Time
Just in Time
compilation
Ahead of Time
compilation

Native Images (AOT) versus JVM JIT

Ahead-of-Time Compilation
Application
Substrate VM
JDK
Libraries
All Java classes from
your application, JDK
and Substrate VM
Points-
to analysis
Run
initializations
Heap
snapshotting
Iterative analysis on all
reachable methods,
fields and classes
Machine Code
Image Heap
Native executable
Application running without
dependency on JDK
Input Analysis Output

Program in X *)
Use my coding skills with X
Import existing code in X
Leverage libraries and native features
of X
Run on an enterprise grade, fast and
stable VM with tools to operate
*) X can be Node, Python, Ruby, R, …
(and Scala, Groovy, Kotlin)

DOAG 2020 | How and why GraalVM is quickly becoming relevant for youOracle Database

The Grass is Greener
• The other programming language …
• is so much better at …
• has great libraries for …
• is the one used by our domain experts …
• was used to implement modules we would like to reuse

Extending the lawn by opening the fence

Polyglot Interoperability
• Establish frictionless interaction between language contexts
• To benefit from the best of all wor(l)ds
• Call out to ‘other world’ in a native way
• Receive response in interpretable format
• Minimal hoops to jump through at design time
• Minimal performance overhead at run time
• Uncomplicated run time environment
• Despite multiple runtime execution languages
• Basically: polyglot with the ease of mono-glot

Meta Language
(concepts, grammar,
structure)

Abstract Syntax Tree
(variables, loops, conditions,
calls, arithmetic)
Truffle framework

GraalVM can merge and run (Java Byte) code
derived from various origins
• GraalVM provides generic objects
in all supported languages to make
Polyglot call-outs, evaluate embedded
foreign code and share data across
language contexts
• This enables interoperability
GraalVM
Polyglot
Fortran
Haskell

CODE

From Java to JavaScript
Evaluate a Simple Code Snippet
Create Polyglot
context
Evaluate
Snippet
Import Graal
Polyglot package

Evaluate a JavaScript Function – then call it as Java method
Create Polyglot
context
Evaluate
Snippet
Evaluate Snippet =>
instantiate function
Execute function
Import Graal
Polyglot package

Handle exception in Java thrown in JavaScript
Create Polyglot
context
Evaluate
Snippet
Evaluate Snippet =>
instantiate function
Execute function
Handle Exception
from JS
Import Graal
Polyglot package

A Typical Java Challenge
(aided by JavaScript interaction)
• Developing a Java application
• Need to perform validations on input data
• Postal Code (various countries), Mobile Phone Numbers (many
countries), Email Address, Credit Card Number etc.
• NPM Module Validator offers
most of these OOTB
• But… it is written in JavaScript
• How does that help me?

A Typical Java Challenge
• Developing a Java application
• I need to perform validations on input data
• Postal Code (various countries), Mobile Phone Numbers (many
countries), Email Address, Credit Card Number etc.
• In Pseudo Code:
•

Validator.js – a community package with dozens of
predefined validations … in JavaScript

JavaScript Validator Module is compatible with GraalJS

A Typical Java Challenge – Resolved (with GraalVM)
• Embrace GraalVM as the Java runtime
• Install npm module validator
• Install and use webpack
to create a single bundle for module validator
• Extend Java application
• Import GraalVM Polyglot package
• Create JavaScript Context
• Load validator_bundled.js into context
• Get desired JS functions from bindings map
• Execute required JS functions
as if they were Java methods

A Typical Java Challenge – Resolved (with GraalVM)

Polyglot from JavaScript to other Graal Truffle Languages
• Polyglot.eval can execute any language snippet
• It returns data objects (to read/write) or functions (that can be executed)
GraalVM
Polyglot

Polyglot from non-JVM languages
Dutch National Police Case: Scala  (Fast)R on GraalVM
GraalVM
Polyglot

Conclusion

source: https://www.beyondjava.net/what-about-graalvm
JIT
Native
Polyglot
Custom DSL
Interoperable
Tools

GraalVM:
Two Editions

GraalVM EE included
in all OCI subscriptions
GraalVM Enterprise is included in all Oracle Cloud
Infrastructure (OCI) subscriptions so you can use it at no
additional charge (Compute, OKE, Functions, ...)

Adopting GraalVM in your team - your first steps
• Start exploring GraalVM – download & install, play and do a PoC
• Plenty of resources available (code samples, blog articles, tutorials, ..)
• Hybrid: have some containers running GraalVM (for Java applications)
instead of your traditional JVM brand
• to try out, check if it is stable and performant and (better) manageable
• AOT/native - use GraalVM to build Java applications
as native executables as last step in the build process
and deliver that executable instead of JAR files
• create Java based Serverless Functions
with small footprint and very quick startup
• benefit from ultra fast and super small frameworks
(Quarkus, Helidon, Micronaut, , Vert.x, Spring, …)

Adopting GraalVM in your team - your next steps
• Start leveraging polyglot
• single runtime for different programming languages)
• interoperability (benefit in Java from 3rd party libraries in JavaScript
or Python [or vice versa] and/or make better use of the skills in your team)
• better start creating standards and guidelines around when and how to polyglot!
GraalVM
Polyglot
Fortran
Haskell

Thank you for your attention
lucas.jellema@amis.nl | technology.amis.nl | @lucasjellema | lucas-jellema
bit.ly/graalvm-handson
https://bit.ly/...
Slides:
Katacoda Live Handson Environments

How and why GraalVM is quickly becoming relevant for you (DOAG 2020)

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