How GNSS changes mapping?
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Hiroshi Miura summarizes how Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) like GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou, and QZSS can change mapping. A simple accuracy test was conducted using homemade GNSS receivers and open source software. Results showed meter-level accuracy is possible but centimeter accuracy is needed for precise mapping. Further development of low-cost and easy to use GNSS tools could improve mapping quality.
How GNSS changes mapping?
- 1. State of the Map 2014 Can Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) change a way of mapping? Representative Director OpenStreetMap Foundation Japan Hiroshi Miura
- 2. apologize ● This presentation is made by previous great studies. ● Special thanks to Mr. Taro Suzuki, https://taroz.net/ ● His extra-ordinary outcome, ex. GNSS-rador application, help this presentation. ● I've just shared a knowledge which was learned from these results.
- 3. Talk plan ● Mapping in Japan ● GNSS/GPS status ● Satellites and mapping ● Simple survey test ● TODO
- 4. OSM and Japan ● Started in 2008 Tokyo, 2007 → 2010
- 5. Mapping in early days
- 7. Armchair mapping ● 2010.10 - ● Bing! trace ● Import Yahoo!Japan's map data ● Permission to trace government data by Geospatial Information Authority of JAPAN
- 9. Tunami changes ● Active crisis mappers ● HOT activity ● Disaster prevension local communities
- 10. Growing data/community wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/User:Techstrom/JapanData Green/Orange: users/active users, blue: nodes
- 11. Precise buildings/ POIs f4map.com: Shinjuku, Tokyo
- 12. F4map : Tsuruga-jo, Fukushima
- 13. Precise mapping ● Next mapping targets are going to be: – Building shape, size and height – Condensed POI mapping ● It need a field survey
- 14. GNSS/GPS status Global Navigation Satellite Systems
- 15. GPS ● Global Positioning System ● Oprated by USA ● 31 satellites
- 16. GLONASS ● Russia ● Opens in 2007 ● Operation 24, total 31 in 2014 ● Compatible with GPS ● A high angle(64.8) of inclination
- 17. Galileo ● EU introduced in 2002 – 4 testbed operated in 2014 – No open operation now. ● 22 satellites budgeted ● Will be opened soon.
- 18. Beidou/Compass ● China start in 2000 BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS, 北斗 星 航系卫 导 统 ) ● In 2012, 16 satellites ● Regional support ● 30 sat in 2020 the figure is cited from EOPortal by ESA https://directory.eoportal.org/web/eoportal/satellite- missions/c-missions/cnss
- 19. QZSS ● Japan start its complimentary satellite system QZSS: Quasi-Zenith Satellite System ● Nickname みちびき means “Navigator” ● RNSS: Regional Navigation Satellite System ● Operate 1 sat in 2014 "Qzss-45-0.09" by Tubas - {Systems Tool Kit (STK) - Analytical Graphics Inc www.agi.com}. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Qzss-45-0.09.jpg#mediaviewer/File:Qzss-45-0.09.jpg
- 20. QZSS orbit operation ● 24h cycle ● 3 orbits ● Good for Asia-Pacific ● Minimum 3 satellites to work ● 4 sat buddged CC BY-SA 3.0 by Hiroshi FUKUDA https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Qzss-01-120s2.gif
- 22. Satellites view and accuracy http://www.taroz.net/GNSS-Radar.html
- 23. Japan HDOP=0.6 http://www.taroz.net/GNSS-Radar.html HDOP: Horizontal Dilution of Precision
- 24. Japan: mask < 30deg HDOP=0.8 http://www.taroz.net/GNSS-Radar.html
- 27. GPS: mask < 30deg sat 3 - 8 HDOP=1.2 With GLONASS sat 6-10 HDOP=1.0 http://www.taroz.net/GNSS-Radar.html
- 28. Satellites View difference ● Asia/Japan ● 25 – 35 sat ● higher angle ● GLONASS ● Beidou ● QZSS ● GPS ● SA/Argentina ● 21 – 25 sat ● lower angle ● GLONASS ● GPS
- 29. In Future ● In Asia ● Galileo: 27 ● GLONASS: 24 ● BEIDOU: 32 ● GPS: 32 ● QZSS: 7 ● IRNNS: 7** ● SBAS: 11*** ● 7 systems ● In SA ● Galileo: 27 ● GLONASS: 24 ● BEIDOU: 32* ● GPS: 32 ● SBAS: 11 ● 5 systems (*) expand world wide in 2020 (**) India (***) Satellite based Augumentation System
- 30. Hardware? ● GNSS receiver/tracker (ex Garmin eTrex) ● iPhone (after 4S) ● Android smartphones (see wikipedia) ● Proffesional devices https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_smartphone s_supporting_GLONASS_navigation
- 31. Accuracy test ● Test device – (1) DYI receiver ● GPS + Beidou + QZSS – (2) GNS2000 BT-GNSS ● GPS+GLONASS+QZSS ● Reference – Nokia LD-3W(GPS, SiRF III)
- 32. GNSS Chips Manifactur er Product chan nel track systems note MediaTek MT3339 66 22 GPS, GLONASS SBAS, QZSS MediaTek MT3333 99 33 GPS, GLONASS, SBAS, QZSS, BEIDOU,Galileo(*) GNS2000 DYI CSR SiRF Star V 52 ? GPS, GLONASS, SBAS,QZSS Broadcom BCM47511 ? ? GPS, GLONASS, SBAS, QZSS iPhone, nexus
- 33. Home made receiver ● GNSS module in $50-$100 range. (*)experimental Beidou support
- 34. connect smartphone ● Bluetooth-Serial module ● GNSS receiver send NMEA-0183 sequence text in 9600, 1, N ● Simply send it to BT- serial
- 36. BT-GNSS handy receiver ● 4 parts 1. GNSS module 2. BT module 3. Power supply module(3.3V) 4. Battery: Li-ION(3V) ● Cost: 14,000JPY ( 130USD)
- 37. ● ex. GNS2000 by GNS GmbH, Germany ● GPS, GLONASS, QZSS, Galileo(*), SBAS ● iOS, Android, PC BT-GNSS receiver
- 38. Bluetooth GNSS for OSM ● Simple Android App ● GPLv3 licensed ● https://github.com/miurahr/bluegnss4osm ● Not (yet) on Google Play and/or F-droid
- 40. ● TODO – Design improvement – Test on android versions – Test with many receiver ● How to join development – as usual in github – fork, modify and push
- 41. Simple accuracy test Beidou/GPS used 24 sat Drifted to south but good accuracy GLONASS/GPS used 19sat errors with building 13, Sept. 2014 At Jujo, Tokyo Building < 5 floors width of road 〜 7m
- 42. Simple Compare : GPS only Low accuracy HDOP 1.3-5.0 4-8 sat used GPS receiver SiRF III
- 43. Difference? ● There is no big difference? – GPS only – GPS+GLONASS – GPS+BEIDOU+QZSS ● Accuracy improvement to „Meter“ order
- 44. TODO: Further study ● How to precise positioning to mapping? – Accuracy: cm order (ordinal receiver: meter order) ● It should be handy for casual mappers – Low price, easy to use. – Other than professional device?
- 45. TODO: GNSS library ● Free Software for Precision Positioning ● GNSS-SDRLIB(Software Defind Radio library) – Process GNSS radio wave directly – https://github.com/taroz/GNSS-SDRLIB
- 46. TODO: RTK software ● RTKLIB(Open Source Program Package for GNSS Positioning) – http://www.rtklib.com/ – sub - meter positioning support – Google play: RTKGPS+ (Android frontend of RTKLIB) ● goGPS project – http://www.gogps-project.org/ – improve the positioning accuracy of low-cost (single-frequency) GPS devices by RTK technique ● Hardware: Android tab + DYI receiver?
- 47. wrap up ● Changes mapping way ● Precise mapping on survey ● Growing satellites numbers ● Products already support GLONASS ● Simple test with DYI receiver and App
- 48. SotM Japan 2014 13, December 2014 @ Tokyo University
- 49. Thanks/contact/reference ● OSMFJ http://osmf.jp/ ● SotM JP 2014 https://stateofthemap.jp/ ● OSM Japan https://openstreetmap.jp/ ● Facebook https://www.facebook.com/g roups/158469420871592/ ● Email talk-ja ML general contact info@osmf.jp miurahr@osmf.jp ● RTKLIB/GNSS- SDRLIB http://www.rtklib.com/ –