How to Implement OER in an Accessible User-friendly Way
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The document outlines the implementation of Open Educational Resources (OER) in an accessible manner, addressing their definition, benefits, and best practices for usage. OER materials are publicly available educational resources that can improve student success by increasing access to course content, thereby lessening financial burdens. The presentation also emphasizes the importance of Universal Design for Learning (UDL) principles to foster engagement and provide varied formats for diverse learning needs.
How to Implement OER in an Accessible User-friendly Way
- 1. HOW TO IMPLEMENT OER IN AN ACCESSIBLE, USER-FRIENDLY WAY Montana Library Association Annual Conference April 16, 2021
- 2. Your Presenters Meghan Salsbury Instructional Technology Librarian meghan.salsbury@montana.edu Jacqueline L. Frank Instruction & Accessibility Librarian jacqueline.frank@montana.edu
- 3. Outline • OER Introduction • OER formats & accessibility considerations • Live Example: Embedding OER into LMS • Universal Design for Learning (UDL) Best Practices • Live example: UDL in action
- 4. Introductio n to OER https://libraryguides.mdc.edu/oer
- 5. Introduction to OER UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization • 2002 (UNESCO) forum • Goal was “to develop together a universal educational resource available for the whole of humanity.” • Created the term “open educational resources” • Open content, open educational resources, and open textbooks are all terms for this open content
- 6. UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization Open Educational Resources (OERs) are any type of educational materials that are in the public domain or introduced with an open license. The nature of these open materials means that anyone can legally and freely copy, use, adapt and re-share them. OERs range from textbooks to curricula, syllabi, lecture notes, assignments, tests, projects, audio, video and animation. WHAT are OER?
- 7. WHY use OER? Increase student success through access • Students who enrolled in courses utilizing OER performed as well as or better than their peers using traditional course materials • Study found a positive relationship between the use of OER and student performance in an online history course • Researchers found that students in courses that used OER more frequently had better grades and lower failure and withdrawal rates than their counterparts in courses that did not use OER
- 8. WHY use OER? Out-of-Pocket Expenses • Financial aid, scholarships, and grants usually calculated for specific costs o Tuition & Fees o Room & Board • Book costs are determined by major/schedule o Many students do not know cost until they arrive on campus o Do not realize books are not factored into other costs o Forced to pay out-of-pocket o Another barrier for underserved students
- 9. WHYuse OER? Increasing cost of college textbooks • Between 2011-12 and 2016-17, published tuition and fee prices rose by 9% in the public four-year sector • College Board - average undergraduate student should budget between $1,200 and $1,300 for textbooks and supplies o ~40% of tuition at a two-year community college o ~13% of tuition at a four-year public institution • 65% of students reported they did not purchase textbooks because of the high price
- 10. OER Formats Types of CC Licenses
- 11. OER Formats & Accessibility Considerations • Choosing accessible resources & file formats • Access as success • Accessibility benefits everyone • Offering multiple formats is best 19% Undergraduates with a disability (NCES)
- 12. OER Formats • Text based documents: • Textbooks • Curricula • Syllabi • lecture notes • Multi-media • Audio • Video • Animation • Course elements (Text-based or Multi-media) • Assignments • Tests • Projects
- 13. Common OER Formats: Text Based • EPUB - Short for electronic publication; e-book file format • HTML - standard markup language for creating websites • PDF - Portable document format; independent of application software, hardware, and operating systems. • Reflowable • Change font size text & color contrast • Supports vector images, metadata, and CSS styling • Maintains original visual layout • Available offline • Good for printing
- 14. Common OER Formats: Text Based • XML - markup language for encoding documents or information in a format that is both human-readable and machine-readable • XHTML – in family of XML markup languages, & extends versions of HTML • Mobi - e-book file format for Kindle • Open Document Format (ODF) - XML-based file format for office applications, including spreadsheets, presentations, and word processing documents
- 15. OER Considerations: Audio/Visual Content ACCESSIBILITY BEST PRACTICES TO LOOK FOR: • Images have alt-text • Videos have closed captions and transcripts • Audio has transcripts MSU Library Accessibly & Instruction Guide
- 16. WHERE to find OER • OER Commons • OER Commons is a public digital library of open educational resources. Explore, create, and collaborate with educators around the world to improve curriculum. • MERLOT • The MERLOT system provides access to curated online learning and support materials and content creation tools, led by an international community of educators, learners and researchers. • Open Textbook Library (OTN) • Open textbooks from the OTN are licensed by authors and publishers to be freely used and adapted. Download, edit and distribute them at no cost. • Example OER with multiple formats
- 17. Live Example: Embedding OER into LMS
- 19. UDL Best Practices • CAST Guidelines • “Universal design for learning (UDL) is a framework to improve and optimize teaching and learning for all people.” –CAST • Engagement • “Stimulate interest and motivation for learning. • Representation • “Present information and content in different ways.” • Action & Expression • “Differentiate the ways that students can express what they know.”
- 20. UDL Best Practices, cont. • Engagement • Involve learners in setting their own academic goals • Allow learners to participate in the design of assignments & activities • Facilitate self-reflection • Representation • Offer alternatives for audio/visual information: captions & transcripts • Promote understanding across languages: avoid jargon, acronyms, & abbreviations • Action & Expression • Optimize access to assistive technologies: Provide OER with Multiple formats • Provide Options: Let students choose the format of their assignments
- 21. Live Example: UDL in Action
- 22. References CAST (2018). Universal Design for Learning Guidelines version 2.2. http://udlguidelines.cast.org The College Board. (2017). Tuition and fees and room and board over time, 1976-77 to 2016-17, selected years. Trends in Higher Education. Feldstein, A., Martin, M., Hudson, A., Warren, K., Hilton, J., & Wiley, D. (2012). Open textbooks and increased student access and outcomes. European Journal of Open, Distance and E–Learning. Fischer, L., Hilton III, J., Robinson, T.J., & Wiley, D. (2015) A multi institutional study of the impact of open textbook adoption on the learning outcomes of postsecondary students. Journal of Computing in Higher Education, 27(3), 159-172. doi:10.1007/s12528015-9101- x Grewe, K. & Davis, W.P. (2017). The impact of enrollment in an OER course on student learning outcomes. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 18(4), 231-238. http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/29 86/209 United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. (2002, July 8). UNESCO promotes new initiative for free educational resources on the Internet. http://www.unesco.org/education/news_en/080702_fr ee_ed u_ress.shtml U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics (2016). College
- 23. Resources ► OER Commons ► Open Course Library ► Open Textbook Library ► OpenStax ► MERLOT II ► Open Educational Resources (OER) at Montana State University ► MSU Library Instruction & Accessibility Guide ► Remote/Online Teaching Help
- 24. Questions
- 25. UDL Slides Check ✔ Minimum 24 sans serif font ✔ Use of bullets/numbers for lists ✔ Correct reading order ✔ Sufficient color contrast ✔ Plain language ✔ Alt-text for images ✔ Descriptive links