4. Taxonomy of Cognitive
Objectives.
1950’s- developed by Benjamin
Bloom.
Means of qualitatively
expressing different kinds of
thinking.
Adapted for classroom use as a
planning tool.
Continues to be one of the most
universally applied models.
Provides a way to organize
thinking skills into six levels,
from the most basic to the
higher order levels of thinking.
1990’s- Lorin Anderson (former
student of Bloom) revisited the
taxonomy.
As a result, a number of
changes were made.
5. The names of six major categories were changed from noun to verb forms.
Bloom’s Taxonomy reflects different forms of thinking, and because thinking is
an active process, verbs presented a more accurate representation of the six
categories.
Subcategories of the six major categories were also replaced by verbs, and
some subcategories were reorganized and renamed.
The knowledge category was renamed. Knowledge is a product of thinking and
was inappropriate to describe the category of thinking, therefore, it was replaced
with the word remembering.
Comprehension became understanding and synthesis was renamed creating in
order to better reflect the nature of the thinking skills described by each
category.
14. Convey
enthusiasm,
genuine interest in
a topic, warmth,
and with thorough
preparation and
organization,
minimal transition
time between
activities, clear
expectations, and
a comfortable,
nonthreatening
atmosphere.