How to read vfr flight instruments
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This document discusses aircraft flight instruments. It begins by asking what flight instruments are and why they are needed, particularly in poor visibility conditions. It then provides an overview of the typical instrument layout, known as the "six pack", and proceeds to describe each individual instrument - including the altimeter, attitude indicator, turn coordinator, heading indicator, vertical speed indicator, and airspeed indicator. It explains that some instruments rely on pitot-static systems while others use gyroscopes. In conclusion, it emphasizes the importance of knowing how to read these instruments well in order to fly an aircraft.
How to read vfr flight instruments
- 2. What are flight instruments? ◦ Why do we need them? Instrument Layout The instruments, one-by-one. Conclusion
- 3. Instruments in the aircraft ◦ Gives information about the airplane’s flight situation ◦ Altimeter ◦ Attitude Indicator ◦ Turn Coordinator ◦ Heading Indicator ◦ Vertical Speed Indicator Used in particularly poor visibility ◦ i.e. clouds, or no outside visual reference points.
- 4. Called the six pack
- 5. Provide the source of ambient air pressure ◦ Operates; Airspeed Indicator, VSI and Altimeter Takes impact air pressure from moving forward. ◦ Pressure is changed and thus the instruments are affected.
- 6. Measures the height of the aircraft ◦ Above a given pressure level Adjustable for local barometric readings ◦ Must be set correctly during pre-flight As the static-pressure drops, due to an increase in altitutde, capsules inside expand showing a high altiude reading. Non Standard pressure and temps affect it.
- 7. To set: Turn knob on bottom left To read: Big hand reads 100s of feet, while little hand reads 1000s, the really thin one is 10’s of thousands
- 8. Vertical Speed Indicator ◦ Indicates whether or not the aircraft is in level flight or not Shows two things ◦ Whether or not if you’re in a climb ◦ If so, the rate of said climb or descent. How to read: ◦ Up=climb ◦ Down=descent ◦ Read in 100s of feet/min
- 9. Measures aircraft speed (in knots) relative to surrounding air. To read: ◦ White arc-flap operating Range ◦ Green Arc- Normal operation ◦ Yellow Arc- Caution
- 10. Instruments that utilize the properties of gyroscopes ◦ turn coordinator ◦ heading indicator ◦ attitude indicator
- 11. Gives information on the rate and direction of the turn you’re in. ◦ Also show’s if turn is coordinated Pilot will use more or less rudder to correct How to read: ◦ The plane moves left for left And vice versa ◦ The ball shows if the plane is in a slip or not ◦ 2 minutes to make a 360 turn.
- 12. Artificial Horizon ◦ Relationship of mini airplane to horizon, the real relationship of airplane to horizon. Shows how level wings are, and if there’s a climb or not. Throughout flight, ball will move and show pitch attitude and degrees of bank. How to read: ◦ Blue is sky, brown is ground. Numbers are degrees of attitude ◦ Top hashes are degrees of bank.
- 13. Heading Gryo ◦ Principle direction instrument used in flight ◦ Not affected by banks, speed changes etc ◦ NOT MAGNETIC How to read: ◦ Just like a compass. ◦ Front of aircraft is the direction
- 14. There’s two types of instruments ◦ Gyro and Pitot-Static Instruments help in VFR conditions Known as the 6 pack Know these like back of hand One step closer to getting in that plane and flying it.
- 16. http://www.pilotfriend.com/training/flight_training/f xd_wing/images2/4.gif http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/th umb/c/c5/VMS_Artificial_Horizon.jpg/220px- VMS_Artificial_Horizon.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/ c9/R22-VSI.jpg/220px-R22-VSI.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/th umb/3/3d/Faa_pitot_static_system.JPG/350px- Faa_pitot_static_system.JPG http://simulatorpilot.info/images%5Cmaininst.jpg http://www.avsim.com/pages/0801/care_piper_rev iew/care_warrior2_01.jpg