The article discusses overpopulation as a major challenge facing humanity today, with the global population nearing 8 billion people and adding almost 1 billion more every 12 years. It notes issues like dependence on natural resources, environmental degradation, poverty, and unemployment stem from overpopulation. While some argue against overpopulation being a problem, citing human adaptation, others view scientific evidence that all life on Earth will suffer as populations outpace resources.