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Hydrodynamic Simulations and
Hydrodynamic Simulations and
Time-dependent Photoionization Modeling of
Time-dependent Photoionization Modeling of
Starburst-driven Superwinds
Starburst-driven Superwinds
Ashkbiz Danehkar
Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan
danehkar@umich.edu
In Collaborations with: Sally Oey, and Will Gray
IAUS 362: Predictive Power of Computational Astrophysics as a Discovery Tool, November 8, 2021
Image
Credit:
NASA,
ESA,
and
the
Hubble
Heritage
Team
(STScI/AURA)
08 Nov 2021 IAUS362
2
Cooling Superwinds
M82 (Cigar Galaxy)
M82 (Cigar Galaxy)
Image
Credit:
NASA,
ESA,
and
the
Hubble
Heritage
Team
(STScI/AURA)
08 Nov 2021 IAUS362
3
Starburst-driven Superwinds
Starburst-driven Outflows (Romero+ 2018, Strickland+ 2003)
08 Nov 2021 IAUS362
4
Superwind Theory

Adiabatic Analytic Solution
– Chevalier & Clegg 1985

Radiative Semi-analytic Solutions
– Silich + 2004
– With Radiative Cooling
Silich + 2004
08 Nov 2021 IAUS362
5
Superwind Theory
Radiative Cooling
Silich + 2004
Silich + 2004
08 Nov 2021 IAUS362
6
Superwind Theory
Different Wind Regions, as defined by Weaver+ 1977
08 Nov 2021 IAUS362
7
Hydrodynamic Simulations
Danehkar, Oey, Gray, 2021 (ApJ 921, 91)
08 Nov 2021 IAUS362
8
Hydrodynamic Simulations
Cooling Function (Λ) and Photo-Heating Function (Γ):
the Atomic Chemistry and Cooling Package MAIHEM (Gray + 2019):
 Ion-by-ion Cooling Efficiencies from (Λi
) from Gnat & Ferland 2012.
 Heating Efficiencies from (Γi
) made with photoionization cross sections
from Verner & Yakovlev 1995, and Verner, Ferland, et al. 1996.
08 Nov 2021 IAUS362
9
Hydrodynamic Simulations
Model Grids: https://superwinds.astro.lsa.umich.edu/
Temperature Density
Danehkar, Oey, Gray, 2021 (ApJ 921,91)
08 Nov 2021 IAUS362
10
Hydrodynamic Simulations

Adiabatic Bubble (AB)

Catastrophic Cooling Bubble (CB)

Catastrophic Cooling (CC)
Danehkar, Oey, Gray, 2021
08 Nov 2021 IAUS362
11
Hydrodynamic Simulations

Adiabatic Bubble (AB), Adiabatic Pressure-Confined (AP)

Catastrophic Cooling (CC), Catastrophic Cooling Bubble (CB)
Temperature discrepancy factor (fT = Tw / Tadi)
Danehkar, Oey, Gray, 2021 (ApJ 921,91)
08 Nov 2021 IAUS362
12
Danehkar, Oey, Gray, 2021
Hydrodynamic Simulations
(Danehkar, Oey, Gray, 2021, ApJ 921, 91)
08 Nov 2021 IAUS362
13
Photoionization Modeling (CIE+PIE=CPI)
Danehkar, Oey, Gray, 2021 (ApJ 921, 91)
Photoionization
+ Collisional Ionization
08 Nov 2021 IAUS362
14
Photoionization Modeling (CIE+PIE=CPI)
Danehkar, Oey, Gray, 2021 (ApJ 921, 91)
PIE (Pure Photoionization), CIE+PIE=CPI (Photoionization + Collisional Ionization)
08 Nov 2021 IAUS362
15
Photoionization Modeling (NEI+PIE=NPI)
Danehkar, Oey, Gray, 2021 (in preparation)
Photoionization
+ Non-equilibrium Ionization
08 Nov 2021 IAUS362
16
Photoionization Modeling (NEI+PIE=NPI)
PIE (Pure Photoionization), NEI+PIE=NPI (Photoionization + Non-equilibrium Ionization)
CIE+PIE=CPI (Photoionization + Collisional Ionization), Danehkar, Oey, Gray, 2021 (in preparation)
08 Nov 2021 IAUS362
17
Optical & UV Diagnostic Diagrams
Emission Lines of Superwinds
Danehkar, Oey, Gray, 2021 (ApJ 921, 91)
08 Nov 2021 IAUS362
18
Optical BPT Diagrams
Danehkar, Oey, Gray, 2021 (ApJ 921, 91)
Optical Emission Lines (radiation-bounded)
08 Nov 2021 IAUS362
19
UV Diagnostic Diagrams
Danehkar, Oey, Gray, 2021 (ApJ 921, 91)
UV Emission Lines (radiation-bounded)
08 Nov 2021 IAUS362
20
UV Diagnostic Diagrams
UV Emission Lines (radiation-bounded)
Danehkar, Oey, Gray, 2021 (ApJ 921, 91)
08 Nov 2021 IAUS362
21
Future Direction: Radiative Transfer
Implementation of detailed Radiative Transfer (RT) calculations
 Improvement of radiative cooling and photo-heating processes
 Stellar flux at a given distance (e.g. Klassen + 2014):
 Inclusion of radiation pressure:
Included in MAIHEM Need RT calculations
08 Nov 2021 IAUS362
22
Concluding Remarks

Starburst-driven SuperWinds
– Adiabatic Solution (Chevalier & Clegg 85)
– Radiative Solution (Silich + 2004)

Non-equilibrium Hydrodynamic Simulations of Superwinds
– MAIHEM Cooling Package (Gray + 2019): Radiative Cooling + Photo-Heating
– Exploring the Parameter (Danehkar, Oey, Gray, 2021, ApJ 921, 91)

Photoionizaion Modeling
– CIE+PIE (Danehkar et al. ApJ, 2021, ApJ 921, 91)
– NEI+PIE (Danehkar, et al. in preparation)

Future Direction
– Detailed Implementation Radiative Transfer: Improved Photoionization
08 Nov 2021 IAUS362
23
Thank you for your attention
M82 (Cigar Galaxy)
M82 (Cigar Galaxy)
Image
Credit:
NASA,
ESA,
and
the
Hubble
Heritage
Team
(STScI/AURA)

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Hydrodynamic Simulations and Time-dependent Photoionization Modeling of Starburst-driven Superwinds

  • 1. Hydrodynamic Simulations and Hydrodynamic Simulations and Time-dependent Photoionization Modeling of Time-dependent Photoionization Modeling of Starburst-driven Superwinds Starburst-driven Superwinds Ashkbiz Danehkar Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan danehkar@umich.edu In Collaborations with: Sally Oey, and Will Gray IAUS 362: Predictive Power of Computational Astrophysics as a Discovery Tool, November 8, 2021 Image Credit: NASA, ESA, and the Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA)
  • 2. 08 Nov 2021 IAUS362 2 Cooling Superwinds M82 (Cigar Galaxy) M82 (Cigar Galaxy) Image Credit: NASA, ESA, and the Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA)
  • 3. 08 Nov 2021 IAUS362 3 Starburst-driven Superwinds Starburst-driven Outflows (Romero+ 2018, Strickland+ 2003)
  • 4. 08 Nov 2021 IAUS362 4 Superwind Theory  Adiabatic Analytic Solution – Chevalier & Clegg 1985  Radiative Semi-analytic Solutions – Silich + 2004 – With Radiative Cooling Silich + 2004
  • 5. 08 Nov 2021 IAUS362 5 Superwind Theory Radiative Cooling Silich + 2004 Silich + 2004
  • 6. 08 Nov 2021 IAUS362 6 Superwind Theory Different Wind Regions, as defined by Weaver+ 1977
  • 7. 08 Nov 2021 IAUS362 7 Hydrodynamic Simulations Danehkar, Oey, Gray, 2021 (ApJ 921, 91)
  • 8. 08 Nov 2021 IAUS362 8 Hydrodynamic Simulations Cooling Function (Λ) and Photo-Heating Function (Γ): the Atomic Chemistry and Cooling Package MAIHEM (Gray + 2019):  Ion-by-ion Cooling Efficiencies from (Λi ) from Gnat & Ferland 2012.  Heating Efficiencies from (Γi ) made with photoionization cross sections from Verner & Yakovlev 1995, and Verner, Ferland, et al. 1996.
  • 9. 08 Nov 2021 IAUS362 9 Hydrodynamic Simulations Model Grids: https://superwinds.astro.lsa.umich.edu/ Temperature Density Danehkar, Oey, Gray, 2021 (ApJ 921,91)
  • 10. 08 Nov 2021 IAUS362 10 Hydrodynamic Simulations  Adiabatic Bubble (AB)  Catastrophic Cooling Bubble (CB)  Catastrophic Cooling (CC) Danehkar, Oey, Gray, 2021
  • 11. 08 Nov 2021 IAUS362 11 Hydrodynamic Simulations  Adiabatic Bubble (AB), Adiabatic Pressure-Confined (AP)  Catastrophic Cooling (CC), Catastrophic Cooling Bubble (CB) Temperature discrepancy factor (fT = Tw / Tadi) Danehkar, Oey, Gray, 2021 (ApJ 921,91)
  • 12. 08 Nov 2021 IAUS362 12 Danehkar, Oey, Gray, 2021 Hydrodynamic Simulations (Danehkar, Oey, Gray, 2021, ApJ 921, 91)
  • 13. 08 Nov 2021 IAUS362 13 Photoionization Modeling (CIE+PIE=CPI) Danehkar, Oey, Gray, 2021 (ApJ 921, 91) Photoionization + Collisional Ionization
  • 14. 08 Nov 2021 IAUS362 14 Photoionization Modeling (CIE+PIE=CPI) Danehkar, Oey, Gray, 2021 (ApJ 921, 91) PIE (Pure Photoionization), CIE+PIE=CPI (Photoionization + Collisional Ionization)
  • 15. 08 Nov 2021 IAUS362 15 Photoionization Modeling (NEI+PIE=NPI) Danehkar, Oey, Gray, 2021 (in preparation) Photoionization + Non-equilibrium Ionization
  • 16. 08 Nov 2021 IAUS362 16 Photoionization Modeling (NEI+PIE=NPI) PIE (Pure Photoionization), NEI+PIE=NPI (Photoionization + Non-equilibrium Ionization) CIE+PIE=CPI (Photoionization + Collisional Ionization), Danehkar, Oey, Gray, 2021 (in preparation)
  • 17. 08 Nov 2021 IAUS362 17 Optical & UV Diagnostic Diagrams Emission Lines of Superwinds Danehkar, Oey, Gray, 2021 (ApJ 921, 91)
  • 18. 08 Nov 2021 IAUS362 18 Optical BPT Diagrams Danehkar, Oey, Gray, 2021 (ApJ 921, 91) Optical Emission Lines (radiation-bounded)
  • 19. 08 Nov 2021 IAUS362 19 UV Diagnostic Diagrams Danehkar, Oey, Gray, 2021 (ApJ 921, 91) UV Emission Lines (radiation-bounded)
  • 20. 08 Nov 2021 IAUS362 20 UV Diagnostic Diagrams UV Emission Lines (radiation-bounded) Danehkar, Oey, Gray, 2021 (ApJ 921, 91)
  • 21. 08 Nov 2021 IAUS362 21 Future Direction: Radiative Transfer Implementation of detailed Radiative Transfer (RT) calculations  Improvement of radiative cooling and photo-heating processes  Stellar flux at a given distance (e.g. Klassen + 2014):  Inclusion of radiation pressure: Included in MAIHEM Need RT calculations
  • 22. 08 Nov 2021 IAUS362 22 Concluding Remarks  Starburst-driven SuperWinds – Adiabatic Solution (Chevalier & Clegg 85) – Radiative Solution (Silich + 2004)  Non-equilibrium Hydrodynamic Simulations of Superwinds – MAIHEM Cooling Package (Gray + 2019): Radiative Cooling + Photo-Heating – Exploring the Parameter (Danehkar, Oey, Gray, 2021, ApJ 921, 91)  Photoionizaion Modeling – CIE+PIE (Danehkar et al. ApJ, 2021, ApJ 921, 91) – NEI+PIE (Danehkar, et al. in preparation)  Future Direction – Detailed Implementation Radiative Transfer: Improved Photoionization
  • 23. 08 Nov 2021 IAUS362 23 Thank you for your attention M82 (Cigar Galaxy) M82 (Cigar Galaxy) Image Credit: NASA, ESA, and the Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA)