Ideas Technical blogs

Contents
Ideas..................................................................................................................................................1
Idea-distribute-share-broadband......................................................................................................1
Idea-AdvertiserDominatingEcoSystem ..............................................................................................2
Idea-Collie management system.......................................................................................................5
Idea-Consolidate-and-Distribute-ConsumerInfo.................................................................................6
Idea-eCommerce-Business-Technology.............................................................................................9
Innovative idea about financial model – Collaboratively Movie making.............................................10
Idea-Images-search-innovative idea................................................................................................11
Idea-introducing-professional-friends.............................................................................................12
Idea-Mirror-Camera device ............................................................................................................13
Project idea – e_currency...............................................................................................................15
AllEmployees-EquityPartners..........................................................................................................16
Innovative idea :- Diabetic Sugar Level Check using Mobile...............................................................17
Technical Tips...................................................................................................................................18
E-Commerce Guide........................................................................................................................18
10 points to sustain and boostecommerce/mcommerce businessin India?......................................40
Nonfunctional requirements...........................................................................................................42
Cloud infrastructure check points ...................................................................................................44
Role & responsibilities of CEO/COO.................................................................................................46
Improvements neededfor Microsoft OS, products, servers, and website ..........................................50

Ideas
Idea-distribute-share-broadband
Dated – 27 March 2016
Reg – Internet related innovative idea helping boosting business on web
Its simple however game changing
User of the ideas – those who think many users should reach their website or web application
Technology – Streaming of the broadband or availability of data
Devices – PC, Laptop, Wireless devices like Pad or Mobile
For whom – Those who want to visit your website / web application however cannot due to
reasons
- Thinking it is consuming the data and costly; and why to spend on data
- Non-availability of the broadband width in remote locations
Usage – When application invokes / streams the data band width moment someone visits to
their website, either hiring stream from service provider or becoming service provider itself
Users – All those who want to visit/browse the website or application
Scenarios how does it work
1. If user has broadband subscribed; pay as per share of the usage related to the data
utilized. This is encouragement by the users to visit and remain on you webpage.
Technically it has to be a collaboration between website/application developer and
broadband provider
2. If user does not have data/ broadband, supply data/ broadband width hiring from
either service provider of have your own bandwidth (website/ application developer
also becomes a service provider)
3. User invokes your web page however actually browsing other web page – This can be
detected; so someone else is paying for the duration or consumption of the data (if
other organisation is a part of such deal)
There is huge utilization of this facility
1. Do capture the profile of the specific interested users
2. Do measure active clicks, converted clicks, users data, etc and highly useful
3. Huge population will get access to internet on mobile thus their visit to your website
increases the business
Above will be extremely useful boosting ecommerce and mcommerce business. Expense is just
the value of the data being used. All players have to adopt this to be competitive.
Potential users –
Facebook, Twitter, Linkedin, etc like social websites
Amazon, ebay, flipkart like ecommerce websites
Those who want to use the concept should contact me.

Idea-AdvertiserDominatingEcoSystem
Current Ad Eco system
Background and Execution work flow
Advertiser’s mindset
 Advertisers/Clients focus on displaying ads on popular/trustworthy website, where ad is
more viewable and noticeable although they need to pay higher
 Higher Conversation Rate: For Advertisers/Clients; ROI means how much business they
will get from ads
 Advertisers/Clients are willing to pay higher to achieve their goals
Publishers and Moderator (DSP, Ad Exchange & SSP) Dominating Eco System
 Unlimited Advertisers Vs. Limited Publishers, Publishers are more beneficial
 Popular publishers are selling their higher viewable ad slots directly to
advertisers/group of advertisers where they get more revenue
 Publishers take advantage of this situation and keep increasing their ad slot price either
way
o Header Bidding
o Programmatic Direct
 Technology of Displaying ads to targeted audience and providing infrastructure: Due
to this fact moderators are very important entity in eco system
o Moderators like DSP, SSP and Ad Exchange are charging advertisers for providing
technical services, infrastructure, filtering audience, etc.
o Advertisers are willing to pay high to moderators for their services & mainly
platform to get better ROI
Proposed “Advertiser Dominating” Ad Eco system

Objective
 To build Advertisers Dominating Ad Eco system
Ways and means to achieve
 To build a platform which will form consortium of advertisers and put all ad tech entities
under it
o Key tasks of platform
 Form a consortium of advertisers to increase bargaining strength against
rest of the eco system
 Develop a platform to register those advertisers
 Next step would be either to integrate existing Ad Agency platform (of
Clearstream) with Advertisers platform or develop new ad agency
platform and integrate both
 Again next step would be either to integrate existing DSP & Audience
data with Advertisers & Ad Agency platforms or develop new DSP and
audience data platform and integrate all together
 Aim is to choose the best slot for advertisers which will provide the best
ROI to them
o This platform will gradually follow below integrations
 Platform will dominate whole eco system
 Reducing importance of publishers
o Advertisers should become publishers
Impact
 It will force moderators to cut down their margins
 It will force publishers to reduce ad slot price
 Advertisers will get higher ROI and willing to adopt this platform
 Advertisers/Platform will dominate the ad eco system

Impediments
 Moderators have large amount of audience data, worldwide reach and technology
which force publisher and advertiser to use moderators
 Publishers are limited while Ads from Advertisers are unlimited; so publisher is not
ready to decrease ad slot price
 In Direct advertising and Marketplace advertising, advertiser’s scope remains restricted
to certain audience and geography
 Advertisers are not coming together to show their strength, they are coming as
individuals
Achievements
 Advertisers will be excited to get more ROI
 Publishers should be in queue wanting to have ad business
 Advertisers would be treated as client
 It’s a game changer suggestion to dominate whole eco system
Software/Application Development
 A platform to be developed on behalf of advertisers which will help advertisers to
dominate ad eco system and to get better ROI

Idea-Collie management system
Background : It is observed that passengers face difficulties in finding collie for carrying their
luggage at Railway station.
- There is worry if collie would be available so that luggage can be carried hassle free
- There is always negotiation about the charges. (Though railway has a guidelines about
the charges, no collie follows the same)
- From and to points of carrying luggage most of the time do not match e.g. till platform
or inside the bogie, or just outside the station or to be kept inside the auto / taxi
- No. of transactions for each collie would differ, and might not be equal business for all
Requirements:
1. Enter the PNR number; capture the from and to points
2. Ask if collie service for any other station than from & to needed; If yes, then text field to
capture the station name
3. Number of small, medium and large luggage (define small, medium and large)
4. Specify start point (from platform or from within bogie); specify end point (till outside
the station or inside the auto/taxi)
5. Charges – Display the charges
6. Payment system – Cash after service or pay in advance (or include in ticket (phase 2
while to integrate with IRCTC next generation system)
7. Based on number of luggage , manage number of collie(s)
Collies  1 2 3 4
Small 4 >4 till 8
Medium 3 >3 till 6
Large 2 >2 till 4
8. System to choose available collie depending on load; display name and token number
9. Feedback about collie; selection criteria of collie based on load , availability and good
feedback
10. Admin – registration, available shift, leave management, alternative if not available;
Show station-wise load on collies, enter the costing system
11. Reports
12. SMS integration

Idea-Consolidate-and-Distribute-ConsumerInfo
Proactive marketing, sharing profiles of potential buys to the registered sellers
Consolidation and distribution of consumer information:-
Human kind has infinity ability so as the needs. Needs keep changing time to time. Lot of efforts
needed to address the needs (to get those served and closed).
Here is a compilation of a high level image of an idea, which is about building a platform for
consolidation and distribution of information of the potential consumers which can be then
distributed to registered existing ecommerce and service portals.
There are following types of needs. Needs are based on profile as gathered and purchasing
power.
1. Short term needs : There are many mini-websites and portals offering services to
provide
- Purchasing grocery, vegetable
- Purchasing medicine (reminder and supply)
- Payment of insurance (life, medical, automobile)
- Payment for house hold consumption like electricity, TV channels, / utility payment etc
2. Routine needs :
- Need of driver
- Renting a taxi
- Train / bus ticket for booking tickets
- Purchasing home appliances
- Purchasing automobile accessories
- Need maintenance of home appliances
- Need to change battery of invertor and car on particular day
- Need travel tour planned
3. Long term big needs : Following are long term and one time needs
- Room partner search
- House rent search
- Life partner search
- University search
- Car comparison search
- Home appliances purchase
There are following types of needs
1. Reoccurring : payment of LIC premium, electricity bill, grocery purchase, etc
2. Once in a while : need to purchase a car, etc
3. Consumer to be reminded to replace/ purchase an item after specific period (can be
month like medicine, or can be 5 years say purchasing car)
Reoccurring Once a while Periodic
Short term
Routine
Long term

Platform which consolidates the needs from the consumers (purchaser/service seekers) by
gathering intelligent consumers profile and house related data (this is missing currently) by
way of centralisation / consolidation of information and distributes those to as appropriate
portals / service websites (registered potential sellers), and track till being served and closed
by the consumers. This platform to support planned routine payments, and encourages
planned purchases. This ultimately helps to serve consumers better.
It is also to remind and encourage consumers planned shopping e.g. new appliances after
specific and suggested timing as planned. The entire process is monitored by an application like
vendor / shop would call a registered user, understand the request and need, show demo,
make sure to close the deal.
e.g. consumer if purchases any house hold item, and profile captures consumer will replace that
after 3 years of use, this portal will share this information with respective registered
manufacturers. e.g. If consumer purchases a Car and will replace it after 5 years as gathered
from profile, after 5 years portal will share this information to all registered car manufacturers
Or e.g. changing washing machine after 5 years. This is encouraging planned purchases.
Application works as follow:
1. To get registration : Higher income class to higher middle class, profiling, education,
employment, income, health related data, car, etc. Why someone would enter such
data? Ans : auto-service or discounts on purchases
2. To capture every house hold details like sq ft home, list of appliances, purchase
history, car, internet usage, how time being spent, etc (This is new and currently it is
not done by anyone)
3. To capture all types of requests/ needs and their attributes (short term, routine, long
term, and tentative dates) (Data is entered by self or captured with the help of
purchases by individuals, or from ecommerce websites and manufacturers)
4. Few needs are planned and few are un-planned e.g. purchase of home appliance after 5
years can be planned. Few needs/ requests will be tentative (tourism)
5. Purchase history data to be obtained from consumer or from the sellers and ecommerce
websites in API or CSV files
6. To capture long term requests and serve as appropriate
This platform will offer front end and direct consumers to the website as appropriate on
specific request
Platform coordinates with all suppliers and individual, prepare a plan, and serve! Let this
platform to help consumers serving their needs through vendors, service providers and
manufacturers.
Application encourages spending philosophy and comforting individual.

Idea-eCommerce-Business-Technology
Dated – 1st Jan 2015
Reg : A game changer idea : Technological idea for eazy ecommerce /mcommerce business
Idea – User is able to scan an article while watching video on computer/ motion picture in
movie / TV and explore the options and purchase the same if liked
Technology –
1. Video streaming
2. QR Code or Becon passed while streaming
3. Integrated ecommerce / mcommerce websites
We all watch video / motion picture on computer or movie or TV (Small, medium & big
screens). It’s a streaming of many pictures in fraction of time. There are many articles in video
like shirt, trousers, saree, dresses, furniture, TV, even nature around, etc. Viewer might like
some of the articles and wish to purchase (e.g. purchase a shirt or plan a trip)
How it works? QR code or beacon or equivalent (say pointer) will be send along with streaming
attached to an article. The pointer will be attached 1 : 1 to an article and thus many pointers to
many articles. User will have smart phone which will be able to detect the article when pointed
toward. It will open an ecommerce webpage where that similar article is being sold.
This idea conceptually being unique and owned as an IP by me.
I encourage organisations to use it, do write to me at email ids rrakhecha@hotmail.com or
rrakhecha@gmail.com as above before using and finalise the royalty based on following
formula.
Royalty = fixed sum + (m %) * revenue transactions

Innovative idea about financial model – Collaboratively Movie making
This idea is about collecting the funds and public participation in film making!
A producer or initiator needs to declare entire project transparently; its story, director, actor &
actresses, and other stake holders involved
He/She alsohasto declare the entire financialprojections by appropriate planning and most important
is the conviction why would movie be successful? And appeal to people across globe to purchase the
units. There will be financial approval from SEBI, and declaration about the risk of investment.
Basedon collection(revenue),howmuchwasthe expensesin making and promotion, how much funds
to go to distributors,howmanyunits individual has purchased (funds invested) , will get the profit (or
loss) back in return.
Also to motivate individual, there will be discount offered on the tickets purchased by the investor
based on the units purchased.
Also each of the stake holders involved in movie making may agree to work on % of profits, without
actual advance fees; it is alos as good as purchasing equivalent of units against the sweat
Advantages:
1. This is a game changer idea, overcoming so many hurdles
2. Those who have excellent story, screen play & dialogue and team; however not having the
funds, also may get an opportunity to produce the film converting the story into movie.
3. Low risk for the producer alone, the entire risk will be distributed
4. Publicparticipationwouldalsoattractthose towatch the movie in theatre; thus risk of piracy is
reduced tremendously
5.
Disadvantages:
1. If film is flopped, and there is a loss; that would be only last chance of a person who took an
initiative
I have movie script based on biopic of a common man (all three to be combined)
1. Movie script #dream http://www.slideshare.net/rrakhecha/movie-script-66389377
2. Movie script Turning point of a student
https://www.slideshare.net/rrakhecha/turning-point-lifestoryofastudentpart-1
3. Write yr motivating story http://www.slideshare.net/rrakhecha/earthsoft-my-life

Idea-Images-search-innovative idea
Problem definition: In a folder user has hundreds of images, he wants to sort-out person wise
images. Purpose could be create different folders or album. Currently no search engine in Mac,
or windows or application allows searching the images based on a single or more images and
sorting those.
Solution :
1. Go to folder
2. Take the cursor to Search window
3. Upload image matching to which user wants to search within various images (profile or
thing); click on search
4. Result of search is all images matching to the uploaded image
5. Uploaded image can be more than one or more
6. Result can be “and” and “or”
7. Also same can be achieved by Window start menu
Algorithm and development:
 Based on image processing by pixel by pixel, and matching to the image profiling
 Using C, or C++ or equivalent development language

Idea-introducing-professional-friends
Problem definition:
There is no consistent way of introducing 2 acquaintance either professionals or friends though
there are work around.
1. Brief summary profile
2. Achievements
3. Mobile number
4. Email id
And it is not quick as well.
Many time one miss to introduce just due to laziness or resistance of mind to capture the
introductory content and share those on email, etc.
Solution :
It is suggested to develop a simple mobile application (all platforms apple, android, windows)
which will allow individual to select from the social websites or contact database of mobile
device. Websites could be linkedin, facebook, twitter.
1. Select to who to introduce
2. Select to whom to introduce
3. Which source to be used (linkedin, facebook, twitter. mobile data)
4. Purpose of introduction/ reference
5. Click on post
It is also possible to auto-generate profile from the posting on these social websites
categorizing on professional, social attributes.

Idea-Mirror-Camera device
A device having mirror and camera
Objective : Everyone is growing day by day but no one captures it. Here is a device which will
capture such event day by day.
1. Have the best quality of toughened mirror used for daily use to comb for family
members
2. Have a digital camera fitted on it
3. Have a LCD screen for viewing photos / videos
4. Have a simple OS
a. Existing 6 folders having originally name as F-1, F-2,etc, can be renamed for
family members. (I am making it simple for just 6 members of family for
simplicity), can be navigated by anyone once identified being a registered user.
Also renaming can be avoided, members will be designated by age like oldest
member in family as folder 1
b. Can store photos and video
c. Can browse and display photo
d. Can prepare and play video
e. Web enabled so that photo can be shared
f. USB port so that copy can be prepared
5. Have a finger biometric identification for a member of family, registration done using a
finger biometric identification and name and photo
6. May have a projector as a attachment (optional)
7. Have an internet connection
8. Button for click of photo and finger mark is common. It identifies and confirms the
registered users and then user clicks a photo
9. Browsing – one can see the photos by scrolling or by date
10. Video making – every day photo clicked gets appended in a video
11. Working
a. A mirror is hanged on a wall as usual
b. A member wants to comb to be ready for a day
c. Member stands in front of mirror.
d. A member presses button for identification and presses the same for a click
e. A photo thus captured having date & time mark
f. Photo can be viewed. Also photo of any day can be pulled based on date and
viewed.
g. Video is appended with photo, can be played
12. One would have entire growing pattern how age-wise someone has grown, almost
every day basis!
13. A facility to see video on periodic basis like daily, weekly, monthly, yearly and decade,
user needs to put a starting date and period

14. This concept can be extended for capturing the events of a day, etc but to be avoided to
make this device simple.
15. Benefits
a. Emotional event with love & affection, family togetherness & discussions
b. Folders for celebrities can be sold later and periodically
c. Its fun!

Project idea – e_currency
26th
April 2013
We use electronic media / internet / wi-fi for most of the transactions however there are limitations.
E.g. we can not transfer physical goods using internet though we can instruct to transfer. There is a
limitation that we can transfer money in physical form from Person A to person B, though we can
instruct using internet banking and other methods.
Here is an ideawhich will helptotransfermoneyinvariouscurrencyformasan attachmentfrom person
A to person B..let us see how.
1. We will have branches in every town, suborns of cities where user can buy e_currency by
making payment.
2. Branch will issue e_currency in one of the following options
a. Electronic Files of Coupons in various amount
b. Card which can be loaded with equivalent credit
3. User nowcan use the label orcard while makinganytransactions using internet. One can enter
the said coupon no or attach currency file to the transaction. User even can attach the file in
email and send it to other person. (once it is used or send to other person, its value remains
withthe bearer.File orcouponphysicallyisvanishedfromthe device (laptop,smartphone,etc).
4. This overcomes following limitations
a. Current mail transfer of money where control remains with the banks only.
b. One can remit the money quickly and as much and whenever required
c. One can use it for direct transfer
d. Debit card does not allow to attach the required sum in email
5. Branches would only charge 0.2% on the transactions
6. Thisis a life changingidea&authorreserve the rightto implement the same. Following are the
steps

AllEmployees-EquityPartners
It will address many issues by virtue of its model
It is proposed that Earthsoft limited shall be in a business of offering software development
services. It will have following divisions
a. Software development
b. IT support & devOps, Cloud Technologies, etc
c. CAD-CAM
d. Website enhancement & maintenance
It will work on a strong principle that every employee would be an equal equity holder. It
works as below:
2. It starts with 100% equity with Rajendra Rakhecha as Chairman and CEO. There will be
few exemptions as a non-billable employee like Sales, Presales, Recruitment, Admin,
Sys-admin and HR employees. CEO & support team members shall be non-billable.
Salary for support team members including CEO shall be decided by framework.
3. It is appealed that those who believe in following principles & guidelines and have ability
to earn billable revenue to join this organisation
4. Recruitment framework shall be published
5. As soon as second employee gets added, equity shall be diluted to 50-50% each. Thus
phenomenon goes on forever. Formula used for allocation of equity for each billable
employee is 100/(no. of billable employees) %.
6. Each employee who joins the organisation shall make billable himself / herself. Other
employees including Sales & Presales team will help surely.
7. We have following framework of salary
a. 50% of the revenue earned shall be given as salary
b. Balance shall be for addressing following
i. Indirect cost
ii. Overheads against support functions like CEO, HR, recruitment, etc
iii. To add to the reserve
iv. To pay by way of dividend
8. If any employee could not get billable, shall not be paid the salary for respective
months.
9. On resignation : Employee either resigns on his/her own or will be terminated from the
services for the reason like misalignment, mis-governance or inefficiency, Equity owned
by such employee shall be back to the kitty and re-structured / reallocated to all
10. Long term aim
a. Everyone is owner
b. Aim is to build a large organisation to the size of top 5 IT organisations
c. No or minimum attrition
d. To get the value for their equity either by listing on stock market or by way of
private

Innovative idea :- Diabetic Sugar Level Check using Mobile
1. Devices to be enhanced in their features – Mobiles and smart phones
2. Aim – User should be able to insert stripe which can detect the blood sugar
3. Devices to be enhanced by using microchip and application including view to display. Also
provision to be made to insert a stripe.
4. Use – Major populationisdiabetic and would like to have a handy device which can support in
measuringbloodsugarlevel.Sothisfeature if builtindevices would enhance the selling and in
turn growth of mobile manufacturing.
5. Interfacing organizations – All mobile manufacturers and Pharmaceutical organizations like
Johnson & Johnson, acu-check which are manufacturer of sugar testing devices and stripes.
6. This idea is conceptualized by Rajendra Rakhecha and he is an author of this document.
Currently idea being considered to be patented and under process. You can reach to him at
rrakhecha@hotmail.com and rrakhecha@gmail.com

Technical Tips
E-Commerce Guide
Version 1.0 Date: April 08, 2008

INDEX
Ideas..................................................................................................................................................1
Idea-distribute-share-broadband......................................................................................................1
Idea-AdvertiserDominatingEcoSystem ..............................................................................................2
Idea-Collie management system.......................................................................................................5
Idea-Consolidate-and-Distribute-ConsumerInfo.................................................................................6
Idea-eCommerce-Business-Technology.............................................................................................9
Idea-Images-search-innovative idea................................................................................................11
Idea-introducing-professional-friends.............................................................................................12
Idea-Mirror-Camera device ............................................................................................................13
AllEmployees-EquityPartners..........................................................................................................16
Technical Tips...................................................................................................................................18
E-Commerce Guide........................................................................................................................18
01 What is E-Commerce?......................................................................................21
02 Features of E-Commerce Technology................................................................21
03 Five Primary Revenue Models ..........................................................................22
04 Types of E-Commerce Model............................................................................23
i. B2C...................................................................................................................23
ii. B2B..................................................................................................................24
iii. C2C.................................................................................................................25
iv. P2P .................................................................................................................25
v. M-Commerce...................................................................................................25
05 Key Elements of E-Commerce Business Model...................................................26
06 Infrastructure getting better............................................................................27
07 Hardware & Software Requirements ................................................................27
08 Important Factors of successful e-commerce site ..............................................32
09 Our approach fore-commerce .........................................................................33
i. Logical design of E-Commerce............................................................................33
ii. E-Commerce security environment....................................................................33
iii. Security threats in E-Commerce........................................................................34
iv. Technology Solutions.......................................................................................34
v. Online Payment Types ......................................................................................34
a. Credit Card.......................................................................................................34
b. Kaikake............................................................................................................34
c. Tsudo...............................................................................................................34
10 Usability..........................................................................................................34
11 Testing............................................................................................................34
12 Reusable components......................................................................................34

13 Change Management.......................................................................................34
14 Maintenance...................................................................................................34
15 Technology Recommendation..........................................................................34
16 Inputs required from client ..............................................................................34
17 To take care various points...............................................................................34
18. General rule of websites....................................................................................39
Nonfunctional requirements...........................................................................................................42
Cloud infrastructure check points ...................................................................................................44
Role & responsibilities of CEO/COO.................................................................................................46

01 What is E-Commerce?
E-Commerce is digitally enabled commercial transactions between and among
organizations and individuals. Digital enabled commercial transaction means exchange
of values digitally most of the time over the internet.
02 Features of E-Commerce Technology
Prior to the development of e-commerce, the process of marketing and selling goods
was a mass-marketing and sales force driven process. Consumers were considered to
be trapped by geographical and social boundaries, unable to search widely for the
best quality and price.
7 unique features of e-commerce technology challenges traditional business thinking
and also explain us why there is lot of interest in e-commerce systems. Then features
are as below
1) Ubiquity
In traditional commerce a marketplace is a physical place you visit in order to transact.
Whereas e-commerce is ubiquitous, meaning that it is available just about everywhere
at all times. E-commerce makes it possible to shop from your desktop, at home or
work or even car using mobile. So the market place is extended beyond traditional
boundaries and from a temporal and geographic location.
Ubiquity reduces transaction costs. Now to transact it is no longer necessary that you
spend time and money to travel to a market. At a broader level ubiquity of e-
commerce lowers the cognitive energy required to transact in a market place.
Cognitive energy refers to the mental efforts required to complete the task. It’s a
human tendency that when given a choice, humans will choose the path requiring the
least effort i.e. the most convention path.
2) Global Reach
Traditional commerce involves only the local merchants or national merchants with
local outlets. Television and radio stations and newspaper for instance are primarily
local and regional institution with limited but powerful national networks that can
attract a national audience. In contrast to this e-commerce permits commercial
transactions to cross cultural and national boundaries far more conveniently and cost
effectively as compared with traditional commerce. Market size for e-commerce
merchant is roughly equal to the size of world’s online population.
3) Universal Standard
This is one major feature of e-commerce that the technical standards of the Internet
and therefore the technical standards for conducting e-commerce are universal
standards and they are shared by all the nations around the world. In contrast to this
most traditional commerce differ from one nation to the next. The universal technical
standards of e-commerce lowers market entry cost (cost that the merchant has to pay
to bring their product to market) At the same time, for consumers, universal standards
reduces search cost (efforts required to find suitable products). With e-commerce it is
possible to easily find all the suppliers, prices, and delivery terms of a specific product
anywhere in the world.

4) Richness
E-commerce technologies have changed the traditional trade-off between richness
and reach. The Internet and the web can deliver, to an audience of millions ‘rich‘
marketing messages with text, video and audio, in a way not possible with traditional
commerce technologies such as radio, television or magazines.
5) Interactivity
E-Commerce is interactive, meaning they allow for two way communication between
merchant and consumer. Television for instance cannot ask the viewer any questions,
enter into conversation with viewer or request customer information be entered in
the form. In contrast all these activities are possible in e-commerce. Interactivity
allows an online merchant to engage a customer in ways similar to a face-to-face
experience, but on much more massive, global scale.
6) Information Density
The internet and the web vastly increase information density. The total amount and
quality of information available to all market participants, customers and merchant is
alike. E-Commerce technologies reduce information collection, storage, processing,
and communication costs. At the same time, these technologies increase greatly the
currency, accuracy and timeliness of information making information more useful and
important than ever. As a result information becomes more plentiful, cheaper and of
higher quality.
7) Personalization / Customization
E-commerce technologies permits personalization, Merchant can target their
marketing message to specific individuals by adjusting the message to a persons
name, interests and past purchases. The technologies also permits customization,
changing the product or service based on the users preferences or prior behaviour. Lot
of information of the consumer can be gathered at the time of purchase, with the
increase in information density, online merchants can use this information of past
purchases of consumer. The result is a level of personalization and customization
unthinkable with the existing commerce technologies.
03 Five Primary Revenue Models
Revenue Model Example Revenue Source
Advertising Yahoo.com. Fees from advertisers in exchange
for advertisements
Subscription WSJ.com,
Consumerreports.prg,
Sportsline.com.
Fees from subscribers in exchange
for access to content or services
Transaction Fee eBay.com,
e-trade.com.
Fees (commission) for enabling or
executing a transaction
Sales Amazon.com,
Doubleclick.net,
Salesforce.com.
Sales of good, information or
services.

Affiliate Mypoints.com. Fees for business referrals
04 Types of E-Commerce Model
Type of E-commerce Example
B2C – Business to Consumer Amazon.com is a general merchandiser that sells
consumer products to retail consumers.
B2B – Business to Business eSteel.com is a steel industry exchange that
creates an electronic market for steel producers
and user
C2C – Consumer to Consumer eBay.com creates a market space where
consumers can auction or sell goods directly to
other consumers
P2P – Peer to Peer Gnutella is a software application that permits
consumers to share music with another directly.
M-Commerce – Mobile
Commerce
Wireless mobile devices such as PDA’s can us used
to conduct commercial transaction.
i. B2C
Business-to-consumer (B2C) e-commerce, in which online business seeks to
reach individual consumers and is most well known and familiar type of e-
commerce
Business
Model
Example Description Revenue Model
Portal Yahoo.com, AOL.com,
MSN.com
Offers an integrated package of
services and content such as
search, news, e-mail, chat,
music downloads, video
streaming etc
Advertising,
Subscription fees,
Transaction fees.
E-tailer Amazon.com, Online version of retail store,
where customers can shop at
any hour of the day or night
without leaving home or office
Sales of Goods
Content
Provider
WSJ.com,
Sportsline.com,
CNN.com
Information and entertainment
providers such as newspapers,
sports sites, and other online
sources that offer customers up-
to-date news and special
interest, how to guidance, and
tips and/ or information sales
Advertising,
Subscription fees,
affiliate referral
fees
Transaction
Broker
e-Trade.com,
expedia.com,
Processors of online sales
transactions, such as stock
Transaction Fees.

monster.com brokers and travel agent that
increases consumers
productivity by helping them get
things done faster and more
cheaply.
Market
Creator
eBay.com,
Priceline.com
Web-based businesses that use
internet technology to create
market that brings buyers and
sellers together
Transaction Fees.
Service
Provider
xDrive.com,
whatisworthtoyou.com
Companies that make money by
selling users a service, rather
than a product
Sales of Services
Community
Provider
About.com,
ivillage.com
Sites where individual with
particular interests, hobbies,
and common experience can
come together and compare
notes.
Advertising,
Subscription fees,
affiliate referral
fees
ii. B2B
Business-to-Business (B2B) e-commerce, in which business focuses on selling to
other business, is about three times the size of B2C e-commerce, even though
most of the public attention has focused on B2c.
Business Model Example Description Revenue
Model
Marketplace /
Exchange
DirectAg.com, e-
Steel.com
Helps bring buyers and sellers together to
reduce procurement costs for a specific
industry
Transactio
n fees.
E-Distributer Grainger.com Connecting business directly with other
businesses, reducing sales cycles and
mark-up
Sales of
Goods
B2B Service
Provider
Employeematters
.com,
salesforce.com
Rends internet based softwares
application to business.
Sales of
Services
Matchmaker iShip.com Helps business find what they want and
need on the web
Transactio
n Fees.
Infomediary Doubleclick.net,
autobytel.com
Gathers information from consumers and
uses it to help advertisers find most
appropriate audience. Gathers customer
data, and uses it to direct vendors to
Sales of
Informatio
n

customers.
iii. C2C
Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C) e-commerce provides a way for consumers to sell
each other, with the help of an online business.
Business Model Example Description Revenue Model
Consumer-to-
Consumer
eBay.com,
Half.com
Helps consumers connect with
other consumers who have items to
sell
Transaction
fees.
iv. P2P
Peer-to-Peer (P2P) e-commerce enables users to share files and computer resources
without a common server. Focus of P2P companies is on helping individuals make
information available for anyone’s use by connecting users on the web.
Peer-to-Peer Napster.com,
My.MP3.com
Technology enabling consumers
to share files and services via
web.
Subscription fees,
advertising,
transaction fees.
v. M-Commerce
M-commerce, short term for Mobile-commerce, which takes the traditional e-
commerce models and leverages emerging new wireless technologies to permit
mobile access to the web. Traditional e-commerce provides access to any-one,
anytime via the Internet. The major advantage of m-commerce is that it provides
access to anyone, anytime and anywhere using wireless devices.
M-Commerce Amazon.com Extending business applications
using wireless technology
Subscription fees,
advertising, transaction
fees.
Sales of goods /
services etc.

05 Key Elements of E-Commerce Business Model
For any successful business model in any arena, you must make sure that the
model effectively addresses eight key elements
1) Value proposition: Company’s value proposition is at a very heart of its
business model. Value proposition defines how a company’s product or service
fulfils the needs of customers. Why will customer choose to do business with
your firm? What will your firm provide that other firms do not?
From customers point of view successful e-commerce value proposition includes
personalization and customization of product offerings, reduction of product
search costs, reduction of price discovery costs, and facilitation of transaction by
managing product delivery.
2) Revenue Model
3) Market Opportunity
4) Competitive Environment
5) Competitive Advantage
6) Market Strategy
7) Organizational Development
8) Management Team

06 Infrastructure getting better
07 Hardware & Software Requirements
To improve speed, capacity and scalability of e-commerce application it is very
important to decide / select the hardware and software.
1) Hardware
In selecting the hardware the objective is to have enough platform capacity
to meet the peak demand (avoiding an overload condition), but not so much
that you are wasting money. Falling to meet the peak demand can mean that
your website is slow, or actually crashes.
To decide the hardware for the application it is very necessary to study the
“Demand” and then work on how the demands can be Supplied. Demands
from the e-commerce site can be listed as below
i) Load factor
Innovation
1961 - 1974
Institutionalization
1975 - 1995
Commercialization
1995 
1) Concept of packet
sw itching - 1961
2) First demonstration of
WAN - 1962
3) Communications
technology hardw are of the
Internet is born. The First
Inter Netw ork– 1969
4) First “Killer app” (E-mail) of
the internet is born – 1972
1) Desktop computers
Invention - 1980
2) Other “Killer apps” like
telnet and FTP join w ith E-
mail - 1983
3) Concept of hyperlinked
document introduced – 1984
4) Private firms such as PSI
and UUNET form to handle
commercial Internet traffic -
1988
5) WWW Invention – 1989
6) Internet backbone grew
stronger – 1990
7) Brow ser Enabled w eb
pages takes off – 1993
1) Fully commercial civilian
Internet is born. Netw ork
Solutions (a private firm) is
given a monopoly to assign
Internet address - 1995
2) Government agencies,
universities and business firms
plan the development of an
internet 100 to 1000 times
faster than the existing Internet
1.

ii) Nature of user requests
iii) Dynamic pages on the site
Load factor:
Following are the load factors that should be considered while deciding
hardware for your application
Load factors Significance
Number of simultaneous
users and their frequency –
Hits per day
The more the visitors you have, the greater
the demand on your system
Nature of customer requests Viewing dynamic pages requires far more
capacity that viewing static web pages
Type of content The more dynamic pages and more large
multimedia files you have, the greater will
be the load on the system
Bandwidth to site The greater the bandwidth connection, the
higher the maximum number of requests
will be.
User Requests:
Second factor is user requests which refer to the nature of customer
requests and customer behaviour on your site. An intel study found that 80%
of the visitors simply browse – requesting static web pages. However user
request for more advance services such as search to site, registration, order
placing via shopping cart or downloading large multimedia files require more
processing power, and performance may deteriorate rapidly.
Dynamic Pages:
Requests for dynamic page generation puts load on the processor, this rise in
the load degrades the performance. Dynamic page generation and business
logic are CPU intensive operations and require a great deal of processing
power.
The above mentioned Demands can be satisfied by improving the scalability.
For scaling your application to meet the above demands we need to consider
the following methods
Scaling Method Description
Vertical Scaling Increase your processing supply by
improving your hardware but

maintaining the physical footprint and
number of servers.
Horizontal Scaling Increase your processing supply by
adding servers and increasing your
physical facilities..
Improve Processing
architecture
Increase your processing supply by
identifying operations with similar
workloads, and using dedicated tuned
server for each type of load.
Vertical Scaling:
You can scale your site vertically by upgrading the servers from a single
processor to multiple processors.
450 Mhz 450 Mhz 450 MHZ 525 MHZ …. 525
MHZ
Pentium II Pentium III Pentium III Alpha Alpha
Xenon Xenon 21264 21264
Compaq Proliant Compaq Proliant 7000 Compaq
AlphaServer 8400
1850, 1 CPU 2 CPU’s, 2GB RAM 14 CPU’s, 28GB RAM
512 MB RAM
Drawbacks
1) It can become expensive to purchase new machines with every growth
cycle and
2) Entire site becomes dependent on a small number of very powerful
machines i.e. if you have two such machines and one goes down, half or
entire site may become unavailable.
Horizontal Scaling:

Horizontal scaling involves adding multiple single processor servers to your
site and handling the load among the servers.
Diagram
Advantages:
1) It is inexpensive and can be accomplished using older PC’s that other wise
would be disposed off.
2) It introduces redundancy – if any machine fails, chances are that another
machine can pick up the load dynamically.
Drawbacks:
1) Special load balancing software is needed to direct the incoming request.
2) When your site grows from a single machine to perhaps ten or twenty
the size of the physical facility required increases and there is added
management complexity.
Improve Processing Architecture:
This is a combination of vertical and horizontal scaling, combined with artful
design decision. Some of the most common steps are listed below for
improving the performance of site.
Architecture Improvement Description
Separate Static content from
Dynamic Content
Use specialized servers for each type of
workload
Cache static content Increase RAM to a gigabyte range and
store the static content in RAM
Cache database lookup tables Cache tables used to look up database
records
Consolidate business logic on
dedicated servers
Put shopping cart, credit card and other
CPU- intensive activity on dedicated
servers
Optimize Code Examine code using review mechanism
to ensure it is operating efficiently.
Optimize the database Examine database queries and
executing time and take necessary
steps to reduce access time.

Advantages:
1) Since the work load gets divided as IO intensive or CPU intensive activity
it becomes easy to fine tune the server for each type of load.
2) Upgrading the RAM size makes drastically improvement in the server
speed and reduces the load on the hard drive.
3) Number of servers required for concurrent users also reduces.
Software
E-Commerce site requires software like web server, application server, and
dynamic page generation tool.
Web Server: All e-commerce sites require basic web server software to
answer requests from customers for HTML or XML pages. The leading web
server software choices are shown below
The leading web server software with over 60% of the market, is Apache HTTP
which works with UNIX operating system. Apache was developed by the world
wide community of internet innovators. Apache is free and can be downloaded
from any site. There are thousands of utility software program written for
Apache.
Microsoft Internet Information Server (MS IIS) is the second major web server
software available with about 20% of the market. IIS is based on Windows NT
(windows 2000, 2003, etc) operating system and is compatible with a wide
section of Microsoft utility and support programs.
Note the choice of web server has little effect on users of the system. As the
pages they see will look the same regardless of the development environment.
Apache Http
MS IIS
Netscape
Enterprise
Zeus
Other

Application Servers: Web application servers are software programs that
provide a specific business functionality required for a web site. The basic idea of
application server is to isolate the business application from a details of
displaying web pages to the users on the front end and the details of connecting
to database on the back end. Application servers are middleware software.
Few of the application servers and their functionality is as listed below
Application
Server
Functionality
Mail Server Manages Internet E-mail.
Audio / Video Server Stores and delivers streaming media content
Chat Server Creates and environment for online real-time text
and audio interactions with customers
News Server Provides connectivity and displays Internet news
feeds
Fax Server Provides fax reception and sending using web server
Database Server Stores customer, product and price information
Ad Server Maintains web-enabled database of advertising
banners that permits customized the personalized
display of advertisements based on customers
behaviour and characteristics.
Dynamic page generation tools: Prior to the development of e-commerce, web
sites primarily delivered unchanging static content in the form of HTML. But after
the progress of the Internet programming the contents of the site keeps on
changing dynamically. With the dynamic page generation, the content of a web
page are stored as objects in a database, rather being hard coded in HTML.
Following are the technologies used to store or retrieve the information from the
database base on the fly.
1) CGI (Common Gateway interface)
2) ASP (Active server pages)
3) PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor)
4) JSP (Java Server Pages)
08 Important Factors of successful e-commerce site

Factors Description
Functionality Pages that work, load quickly and point the
customer toward your product offering
Informational Links that customer can easily find to discover more
about you and your product
Ease of use Simple fool-proof navigation
Redundant Navigation Alternative navigation to the same content
Ease of Purchase One or two click to purchase
Multi browser
functionality
Site works with the most popular browsers
Simple Graphic Avoids distracting, obnoxious graphics and sound
that the user cannot control
Legible text Avoid backgrounds that distort text or make it
illegible
09 Our approach for e-commerce
i. Logical design of E-Commerce
ii. E-Commerce security environment
There are six key dimensions to e-commerce security. They are
1) Integrity: Ability to ensure that information being displayed on the
website or transmitted or received over the internet has not been
altered in any way by unauthorized party.
2) Non repudiation: refers to the ability to ensure that e-commerce
participants do not deny their online actions.
3) Authenticity: Refers to the ability to identify the identity of a person or
entity with whom you are dealing on the internet.
4) Confidentiality: refers to the ability to ensure that messages and data
are available only to those who are authorized to view them.
5) Privacy: refers to the ability to control the use of information a
customer provides about himself to an e-commerce merchant.
6) Availability: refers to the ability to ensure that an e-commerce site
continues function as intended.

iii. Security threats in E-Commerce
iv. Technology Solutions
v. Online Payment Types
a. Credit Card
b. Kaikake
c. Tsudo
10 Usability
11 Testing
12 Reusable components
13 Change Management
14 Maintenance
15 Technology Recommendation
16 Inputs required from client
17 To take care various points
Following points are to be taken care while executing eCommerce project
Requirements:
a. Browsing compatibility: Client needs to mention that which all browser and versions
of the same to be compatible. A list to be prepared, points to be taken care during
development phase.
b. Testing for browsers to be planned and conducted.
c. Inverted V model is to be followed. (To prepare ATC, ITC and UTC while preparing
Proto type & FS, Design and specification documents)
d. Project plan is to be prepared and all the assignments to be included. It keeps on
getting updated.
e. Statistics for no. of users visited, no. of times particular user visited in specific time
f. For standard look & feel, CSS template to be defined where font size, color, etc can
be defined and changed quickly
g. If site required to be Multi linguistic, it is apt to be designed using resource file
h. Location for validations (server side and client side or both to be discussed and
defined apt)
i. Adding products and their attributes to be easy
j. Build on existing: check if client allows (OS commerce - readymade shopping cart in
php is proven cart management component)
Screen design and layout-
a. Preparing screen design in html format
b. To prepare a functional document

c. To conduct brain storming sessions within team members, and improve on the gaps
observed in proto type and FS. Involve top resource in the discussions.
d. To get both prototype and FS approved by client.
Design: Following points to be checked
a. Design pattern to be decided (MVC). Project is to be spited into Front end, middle
tier (business rules) and DAO layer.
b. Base unit is to be decided for all future activities (screen or class). Generally screen
based design is simple. All communication to be based on base unit.
c. Framework is to be decided like struts and hibernate.
d. List of common classes is to be prepared.
e. List of other classes is to be prepared.
f. Output of design document is list of the screens, list of the classes, and list of tables.
g. ER diagram / Database design to be discussed within team members. Primary and
secondary keys of each table are to be reviewed. Subsequently it is to be approved
by client.
h. Never ever store the credit card number in DB
i. Each addition / edition is to be captured as fields in database (who, time and date
stamp)
j. There are few products which belong to more than one category. We need to handle
categorization of the products appropriately.
Low level design:
a. There are two types of specification format. Type 1 is pseudo code where all
technical information (like class, variable, parameters, their relationship, validations,
business rules, etc) is captured and type 2 is functional document for base unit
where all business rules are captured in detail. Type 2 is generally preferred by
developers.
b. Review of specifications is to be conducted by two levels, a. peer to peer and second
by team leader.
c.
Development
a. If feasible important and complex screens to be taken for development prior to
other screen development by forming a technical task team (TTT).
b. TTT understands the issues much in advance than other team members.
c. TTT learning to be shared with all team members
d. Configuration management to be implemented and back up mechanism of
configuration server to be implemented

e. Team is to be formed either as per module wise or tier wise based on the nature of
the project.
f. Coding convention to be prepared, discussed, improved & understood and
implemented.
g. Reviews by self, Peer to peer and by PL to be planned and conducted.
h. Unit testing to be conducted
i. Review comments and defects to be uploaded in defect tracking system
Testing:
a. UTC, ITC and ATC to be planned and conducted at apt phases.
b. White box testing and retrieval of data (queries testing) to be conducted
c. For testing payment systems, either dummy server to be installed or separate
dummy account to be operated with the help of third party payment system.
d. Automated testing for reasonable size & critical project would prove beneficial.
e. Payments, delivery, various status (order, shipped, delivered, payment) are
extremely important checks and to be verified by seniors.
f. Currency conversion is most critical functionality
Performance: It is most important points and needs to be taken care right from RA phase
a. Defining and agreeing with client the performance criteria
b. Performance testing to be planned and to be conducted
c. Queries to be validated on edit-pad of database checking how much time it takes. It
is proven fact that more than 95% improvement is observed by writing correct and
efficient queries. Do nor try to create the same objects (retrieved data) in sub
queries.
d. One might need to shift the code from middle tier to stored procedure.
Screen design and layout-
a. Site navigation should be simple. We need to design user friendly and efficient
screen flow. User wants quickly important and as much information. No. of clicks to
reach to the necessary information is important measure for end users’ satisfaction
(and followed as three click rule). Sometimes main link like “purchase” or “add to
cart” is missing and customer is forced to see more details though details given are
sufficient.
b. All images used should clearly depict the product/service. Ensure that images are
optimized for rapid download.
c. Check if product is ready to sell or customizable. Screen flow differs in both the
cases.

d. Cart creation and retrieval are to be handled with at most care. (front end as well as
database point of view). It should give user friendly feel while navigation, and not of
irritation.
e. Price should change after changing the quantity of the item and press of tab
immediately.(Visit of server becomes necessity)
f. Other related links to be given for reference just to next location.
g. Important information like availability of stock, other products of nearest matching
specification is to be readily given.
h. Sales text must be grammatically sound and spelt correctly. Poor spelling loses
credibility points straight away.
i. Efficient integration of search engines at appropriate screens is important. Ensure
that there is plenty of well laid out textual content on the site to attract search
engines as well as to inform prospective clients. Use keyword and key phrase rich
text; that is, utilize copy that includes common phrases that people would enter into
search engines when performing a query.
j. Wish list like feature is very popular.
k. Get standard pages like policy, term & condition, FAQ, etc from legal expert.
l. A feature like live online chat with customer support is becoming popular and also
can be integrated.
m. Sessions to be killed if secured web page is open without any action for more than
stipulated time
n. Copy and paste of url to other PC should not be working
o. Check the IP address: It's important that each order processed from site also
contains information regarding the IP address of the person placing the order. The IP
address can be easily traced using free tools such as DNS Stuff.
We need to understand type of payment requested by client. In Japan they are generally: a.
Credit card b. Mobile edy c. EZ and d. Cash on delivery. In each case we need to understand
the flow clearly and accordingly interface t be developed. There are good specification
documents available for each payment method.
Payment gateway and securities
a. To define few screens ssl layer (https) in consultation with client. During these web
pages, transmission of information
b. Get the documents of each payment gateway system (specification)
c. Understand login and authentication parameters, encryption and decryption of the
parameter and at which point of transaction is to be processed.
d. Build the code in line with above
e. Multi currency site is a bit complicated unless payments are handled by third party.

f. While utilizing payment gateways for credit card transactions, it is important to ask
the gateway provider about their screening features (this precedes actual credit card
payment processing).
g. Many payment gateway providers use the Address Verification System
(AVS).However transaction should not be approved when AVS fails.
h. A CVV2 number is the three last digits located on the back of a credit card, or the
four stand-alone digits on the front of an Amex card.
i. There will be screens where registered and non registered users can access. There
will be few screens where authentication of the users would be required or users
need to be paid user. Generally single sign-off is to be avoided if client agrees.
Deployment:
a. Deployment diagram is to be prepared. There is absolute necessity of redundancy
for DB and application servers.
b. Set of development server and live servers to be kept. Before copying the class files/
jar files to live server, all IT & AT to be conducted and client permission to be sought.
c. Logs are to be maintained for all copy events.
d. Watch the traffic continuously. There are lots of free tools available. We need to
conclude peak hours of the visits.
e. Back up process to be defined and followed for every day. (Incremental and
complete back up methodology)
f.
Few tips: http://www.thunderdata.com/wiki/Main/ECommerceTexas
a. Use a standard merchant account. A merchant account accepts and processes credit
cards on behalf of your business and cost $35 per month through Thunder Data. This
small investment states that a bank has reviewed your credit history and found you
a good candidate for above board transactions giving your buyer confidence to
complete the purchase.
b. Make sure your purchases are funneled through a secure payment gateway. A
secure gateway collects credit card data safely and prevents hackers from
intercepting the information over the Internet. A secure connection is confirmed by
the presence of a lock icon on the lower right corner of the browser and by the
https:// designation in the address bar.
c. Provide good photographs and enlargements. In the absence of touching the
product, buyers want to see excellent representations of what they are buying.
d. Invest in the aesthetics of the website. Beautiful websites with great products will
sell more than unattractive sites with the same products. First impressions are the
most lasting, and on the web it is extremely important to impress visitors instantly
to hold their attention.

e. Avoid a database to display products. Dynamically generated pages --those created
from a database--simply don't have the permanence that static or infrequently
changing pages do. Therefore, they generally perform worse on search engines. How
do you tell if a database is used? Dynamic pages normally show the domain name,
with an appended string that uses a question mark and categories paired with
product names or ID values using an equal sign. Some pages may take the following
format:
http://somedomain.com/buy.php?itemid=102
http://somedomain.com/catalog.mv?Product_Type=shirts&Product_No=93A
http://www.somedomain.com/collections.php?specials=AK21B
f. Use static pages to display products for increased search engine performance.
Software such as ThunderCart, a plugin for our editable websites, allows for very
easy administration for the non tech savvy sellers. The intuitive interface allows you
to easily upload products, descriptions, and pricing. We created the plugin to
improve search performance for online catalogs.
g. Invest in search engine optimization or SEO. SEO concentrates on reaching the top
pages of search listings for buyers looking for your products. It is not enough to be
found by your business' name; some buyers will have no idea you exist. You need to
be found for those who are interested in your products or services.
h. Provide an online form to allow your customers to provide you with information you
need in order to help them. The more information you collect on an individual, the
better prepared you will be when you respond. In addition, contact forms allow
potential customers to request additional information at any hour of the day. One
note: do try to make forms comprehensive but not cumbersome.
i. If you receive a contact form, follow up! This simple instruction is extremely
important and one that many website owners tend to neglect. The faster your
response time, the greater the chance you will have to make the sale. We ''strongly
recommend that no more than 12 hours elapse before you respond back to your
contact
References:
http://www.thunderdata.com/wiki/Main/ECommerceTexas
http://www.topology.org/comms/netmon.html
http://www.tamingthebeast.net/articles2/ecommerce-articles.htm
http://www.tamingthebeast.net/articles/ecommerce-site-s1p1.htm
http://www.tamingthebeast.net/articles2/card-fraud-strategies.htm
18. General rule of websites
Specifications Web site Customer Service Module:--
1. Generally to avoid using green and orange colors.
2. Each page layout shall be consistent.

3. Selection of the images shall be done very critical.
4. Wallpaper shall be bright & simple – selection shall be done very critically.
5. It is preferred to have No. of frames limited to maximum four: top horizontal, left
side – vertical, for content and bottom links.
6. Mouse over effect shall be incorporated.
7. Scrolling news is a good concept
8. Punch lines shall be created considering the business of Singtel.
9. Menu & sub-menu concept for ease of browsing
10. Repetition of information shall be avoided.
11. Mismatch of the colors shall be avoided.
12. Consistency across the site shall be maintained.
13. Links: Mouse over/out/click functionality: - it is different color when a> mouse over
b> mouse out c> mouse click and d> in which page you are presently. Link text color
(within button) also shall be changed to red after visit.
14. Location of the images in each page shall be consistent wherever possible.
15. To use small colorful arrows for the listing instead of bullet marks for the listing.
16. Text height in all pages shall be same; similarly other parameters also should be
consistent like font style, text color, and intensity of boldness.
10 points to sustain and boost ecommerce/mcommerce business in India?
1. Fair & honestbusiness:There shouldnotbe anyhiddencost added after product is selected, order is
placed just before processing the order. Few portals add shipping charges at the last step of order
processing. Be fair and honest in business and demonstrate the same.
2. Trustworthiness : Build trust with the consumers. Avoid mentioning FREE shipping while listing the
productor onthe productdescriptionpage whenactuallyPortal addsupshippingcostat the laststep of
order processing since dispatch destination is not of the local city.
3. Be owner : Portal owns the responsibility of warranty/guarantee of the product on behalf of the
merchant.Portal administratorcannotaskuserto run aroundto findthe merchant for the replacement
of the product. User has paid money to Portal and not to the merchant.
4. Committedmerchants:Asanadministratorof portalsitsyourresponsibilitiestogetthe commitments
honored by the merchants. Its after all reputation of your portal.
5. Intelligent search
a. Product as sold by the merchants from the city of dispatch to be displayed (as a one of the
filters) so that shipping cost is not applicable or minimum
b. Avoid displaying products out of stock unless asked
c. Let consumerselectthe appropriate variables andclickonsubmitso that finer granular result
is displayed
d. Searchdisplay - ascendingordescendinglistingbasedonprice asan optionmust be available
for every search result. Also profile of user related to pricing to be captured based on history
and display by default.
6. About product and description

a. Accurate specification of the product – make sure to add complete, detailed and accurate
specification of the product. Consumer should have quick and clear idea what is being
purchased
b. Accurate variables of the products and available in search criteria. Also those are to be
included in description as well as meta-tag so as to display in the listing of search result
c. Include as many images and display of their larger sizes
d. Alert about quantity: Portals might want to display an alert if more than one quantity gets
added in cart or such order is being placed
7. About Money
a. Most economical: Always try to be economical or at least of the same cost of the product. User will
alwaystransact where itseconomical.Itsgoodtohave a feature requesting consumers to report if they
have observed cheaper product.
b. Promotioncode:Itwouldbe goodpractice to let consumers know in advance which promotion code
to be used while placing the order. Good to build as a feature while using the portal.
c. Be quick while processing the refund
8. Be innovative : couple of innovative ideas to make consumers life eazy in every step like searching,
identifyingthe rightorclosestproduct,furtherprocessestill product is actually received would be very
helpful. Wondering if consumer can place order while watching video, swapping a device against an
article within video on any of the small-medium-big screens using beacon, QR code and streaming
technology?
9. Increase internet penetration and computer usage:
a. Conduct computer awareness training so that more % population will learn to transact
b. Plan for logistic for interior of India (Taluka and villages)
10. Customers : Most important element of any eco-system! Understanding profiling of customers by
varioustechnologiessoftandhardmeansiscritical to displayadvertisement of the products of interest
and liking.Keepthe temptationhigh!Serve thoseefficiently,connectwiththose efficiently,retainthose
efficiently! It would be good to build analytics of customer profile and purchase history.

Nonfunctional requirements
Background: It is observed that most of the clients do not specify non-functional requirements
explicitly during their initial discussion or in RFP document. However expectation from your
organisation to meet those, mostly in the scheduled duration and same proposed cost, which
pop-up at later phase of the project. This leads to not only additional efforts & work pressure to
meet the tight schedule deadlines, but also disagreement & negotiations over the cost. This
attracts investment of the productive time of seniors which can be better utilized for more
important work. Most of the time such negotiation concludes with the offering heavy discounts
against the hard efforts delivered by your organisation and is direct revenue loss.
To avoid the same, it is good to scope the following indicating efforts, impact on schedule and
cost.
Following are the items which are observed to be not scoped as needed
Email – rrakhecha@hotmail.com; rrakhecha@gmail.com
S
No
Non Functional requirements Remark
1 Type of Environment – Cloud or On-premise?
AWS or Google or Third party?
Cloud environment needs through designing
Cloud environment needs more
efforts and duration to build
compared to on – premise.
Also skills of the resources are
special
2 Security check of environment and audit
(network, infrastructure security, access rights,
password sharing, back up, server hardening)
Overheads of various divisions like
ALM, Cloud COE, Security testing,
networking and project team
needed.
3 Vulnerability check of the application, and fixing
the defects
Security testing team needs to
understand the application and
share SOW & costing
4 Performance testing and tuning : infrastructure
level, application level, database level
Time needed to display landing page can be
measured via various means like testmysite,
Google score, using stop watch , etc
Tuning involves
Project team for coordination
Technical architect from cloud to check
configuration & setting and application COE
team (as applicable)
Security testing team also offers
services to measure the data;
Project team needs to walk through
of application, seek sow & costing
Separate SOW or cost estimation to
be prepared for tuning
5 Load testing : following data needed for effort,
schedule and cost estimation
 No. of concurrent users
 Particular Transaction

 Devices
 Recommended Tool
 Volume of particular variable or parameter
and related transactions
If loading time is higher than expected,
Queries fine tuning across entire application
Images sizing and
Relevant other recommended methods needed
6 Testing on which all devices and OS
7 Testing on device - wise browsers to be listed
8 No. of fail-over regions to be built if it is cloud
environments
9 Supporting for non-functional requirements like
maintaining environments, check cost of cloud,
coordination with AWS/Google support team,
creating health check/ dashboard report, etc
at/during different time zones
10 Auto Scalability, fault tolerance, failed retrieval
mechanism, notifications, and high availability –
These parameters impact on environment
design
11 Delivery readiness is misunderstood as Going
live date, so needs to have clear communication
and dates for delivery readiness and Going live.
Following activities are included while moving
from delivery readiness to going live :
1. Readiness of environment
2. Security audit for environment
3. Security testing of application
4. Any activity as above which is not
completed
5. UAT and defect fixing
6. Deployment
7. Sanity test
12 Management Most important is to capture these
as activities to minor level of
detailing, decide the responsibilities
& time frame, and prepare a plan
13 Most important is documentation – Dos &
Don’t; process, check list and to create forms

Cloud infrastructure check points
Email – rrakhecha@hotmail.com; rrakhecha@gmail.com
Dated – 5th Jul 2017
# Category Description
1 Requirement Application NF requirements to be well defined (security,
performance, load, scalability, vulnerability, automation &
deployment, etc)
2 Design 1. Cloud architect diagram to be designed incorporating all
components, services, ports and files. Following divisions to be
involved. Project team to lead & must involve
a.Security team
b. Networking team
c.Support team and
d. Technical architect
e.ALM & DevOps teams
3 Cloud
infrastructure
creation
1. To be created by Cloud COE, and to be handed over to project
team sharing handing over document and sign-off, with appropriate
a.Process document
b. The best practice document
c.Skills and knowledge training
d. Actual configuration
4 Audit &
confirmation
1. Infrastructure to be audited by
a.Security team for vulnerability
b. Networking team for secured port & networking
c.Support team for OS hardening
2. Comprehensive checklist for auditing to be followed
5 Technical
review
1. Application to be reviewed by Technical architect for Load and
performance
6 Design Back up instance to be replicated as primary instance, preferably using
script (Cloudform, Terraform) or at least manually within x working
hour
7 Governance Above audits and reviews to be periodically audited, at least once a
quarter
8 RDS instance RDS instances must be hosted in Private Subnet
9 Access rights A document to be created defining access rights and appropriate
access rights to be assigned
10 Security In case of hack or issues, services to be stopped, instance not to be
terminated. In best practice document “when to do what?” to be
mentioned. E.g. when to terminate the instance and just stop the
instance

11 Role &
responsibility
Role and responsibilities of Application developers and each actor
from other teams to be well defined. Implementation to be driven by
project team, with support of various teams.
12 Collaboration Since many teams have been involved, collaboration needed between
the teams. Availability of the resources to be well planned (except
emergency) and committed
13 Client
expectation
management
Primary & secondary ownership of the infrastructure to be well
communicated to client
14 Billing Periodic billing to be checked; scripts to be developed to stop/
terminate/shut the unwanted services
15 Services type Need of dedicated or default services to be identified, and accordingly
to be implemented
16 Management Most important is to capture these as activities to minor level of
detailing, decide the responsibilities & time frame, and prepare a plan
17 Documentation Most important is documentation – Dos and Don’t; process, check list
and forms to be created

Role & responsibilities of CEO/COO
Role - Chief operating officer:- To provide effective and inspiring leadership, by creating & actively
involved in various programs and services
Reporting to – CEO and BoD
Job Description COO :-
The COO supports the work of the company's chief executive officer (CEO) focusing on the
establishment and optimization of day-to-day operations in the company. All internal department
heads responsible for delivering services report COO. These include:
 Sales & Marketing
 Operations
 Information & Technologies
 Finance
 HR
 Customer Service
Responsibilities :-
Role Activity
Leadership To provide effective and inspiring leadership by being actively involved in
all programs and services, developing & sharing a broad and deep
knowledge of all programs
Strategy To participate creating vision, establish & follow the planned path
To manage strategic planning with management team on key issues, its
implementation & resource allocation, etc
To share recommendations on business decisions to shape the long term
aspirations
To review periodically the company’s overall strategy to responds to
changing business conditions
Policy
Management
To translates corporate vision & strategy into organizational policies,
directives, processes and methodologies
To create roadmap of growth, assuring planned revenue & profitability
delivering measurable, cost-effective results that make the vision a reality
To develop guidelines for use of corporate assets (people, brand,
information)
Architect To establish organizational structure and operating systems to ensure
achievement of strategic direction
To define desired corporate philosophy, values, and operating
environment
Ambassador To establish propagate & protect branding of trust, serviceability and
unique differentiator
To set tone and direction for relations with key internal & external stake
holders

To serve as principal external representative of the company
Operation
Management
To establish implement and manage smooth day-today operations &
enhance,
To ensure that all program activities operate consistently and ethically
within the mission, objectives and values
To bring efficient and effective systems & relationships to increase the
productivity
To manages operations of company in ways consistent & aligned with
strategic goals and performance targets
Functional
management
To create and establish quarterly operational & financial planning &
management
To manage functional staff (human resources, legal, public relations, and
finance)
To manage public relationships
Process
Management
To ensure that core business processes are in place and working effectively
To establish & continuously enhance the organisational processes through
programs
Sales
management
To create scalable business model spreading nationwide having operations
as branch and/or franchisees across nation within stipulated time frame
To develop successful alliances , joint ventures and franchisees
Quality
Management
To establish, monitor and control the quality & service levels of the
programs and delivery of services , to enhance those beating own
standards
To implement & lead continuous improvement of quality of the programs
and services
Reporting
management
To report organizational performance metrics
To provide input for all strategic planned programs & services
Relationship To establish long term relationship with associates and stake holders
Communication
management
To communicate effectively to fully informed of operational objectives, to
conduct regular meetings to ensure priorities are clear and coordination is
good
People
management
To establish efficient HR function, support & guide to manage efficiently
To tap power of each team member brings to this mission
To develops and leads senior management
Performance
Management
To lead the performance measurement and evaluation processes against
the goals
To set & reviews operational and / or performance goals for each
department & corporate management which are aggressive, achievable
and tied to long-term goals
To lead, coach, develop, and retain high-performance senior management

team with an emphasis to develop capacity in strategic analysis, planning &
program budgeting
Conflict mgmt To facilitate resolution of issues between departments and or stake
holders
Infrastructure To establish & continuously enhance organisational infrastructure
Compliance
management
To adhere regulatory & legal compliances, letters of agreement, contracts,
leases, and other legal documents and agreements
Sales & Marketing :- To achieve planned growth
 To establish & propagate branding, To communicate the branded message
 To create scalable model & growth plan implementing programs of creating and
expanding branches and /or developing franchisees, to attract partners contributing
the growth
 To build sales infrastructures, to create service contracts adhering to the vision
 To identify geographic new growth opportunities and priorities
 To manage and cultivate relationships with branches and franchisees to secure and
expand recurring revenue streams
 To coach stake holders the strategic plan and program operations
Operations:-
• To manage day-today operations of equipments & services smoothly & efficiently, To
address organizational challenges
• To manage & mitigate the risks of operations and activities
• To establish, manage and monitor the procurement
 To take charge in high-priority crises
Information & Technologies:-
 To manage Information technology to ensure ongoing maintenance and updating of
information systems and infrastructure, including hardware, software, and
applications
 To analyze the current technology infrastructure and scope out the next level of
information technology systems that support the growth of specific programs & the
organization overall

Finance:- Working with the Director of Finance, manage and oversee all financial and
business planning activities, including:
 To establish, lead & support budgeting cycle, to prepare quarterly operational budget
to the CEO and BoD for review and approval, manage effectively within this budget,
and report accurately on progress made and challenges encountered
 To guide & create financial plans and monitoring, To ensure the continued financial
viability program/service units through sound financial management
 To develop an accounting system that provides quick access to financial information
and enables strategic budgeting, To oversee business policies and accounting
practices
 To review and analyze financial reports
 To report periodically financial key data to the CEO , senior management team and
BoD
 To administer all financial plans (CFO)
HR :- To plan, guide & support for Human resources management matching to growth
plan
 To establish, cultivate and sustain the values of within the organization
 To develop action-oriented, flexible, and innovative approach to operational
management with passion, humility, integrity, positive attitude, mission-driven, and
self-directed
 To create human resources functions including: training, development, compensation
and benefits, employee relations, performance evaluation, recruiting and retention
strategies
 To develop and implement training programs allowing to grow potential capacity of
all staff
 To develop top leadership through selection, coaching, and reinforcement
 To plan for quarterly recruitment and hiring
 To promote growth oriented environment
 To establish feedback management & continuous improvement methodologies
 To develop and monitors succession-planning process for top leadership positions
 To establish hiring practices (HR Mgr?)
Customer Service:-
 To establish & create an environment to follow the Code of Business Conduct and
Ethics
 To establish objective for customer serviceability, service level agreements of services
 To measure and continuously improve the services seeking feedback and taking
necessary actions, help in enhancing good will & branding
 To display caring attitude, resolving their queries & doubts & problems, feeding

appropriate information, to develop rapport, to response timely, addressing
customers needs
 To maintain trust and responsibility by keeping all customer business confidential
Improvements needed for Microsoft OS, products, servers, and website
Saluting the huge positive change brought by Microsoft in everyone’s life, here are few
Suggestions:-
1. Microsoft has to offer highest priority for smoothest customer’s experience. Can user
work using MS products like a plug and play? E.g. while installing Windows, can it be as
easy, displaying the progress, either with CD or if connected with internet.
2. Make these products interactive, user friendly...like displaying progress bar while
formatting
3. If external hard disk is not working...analyse , keep posting the conclusion and display
progress bar once it is connected till operation ends. Make just plug and play work!
4. None of the productswork smoothlyon huge data..e.goutlook,xls,ppt,etc. Surely these
are not tested for the same.
5. Improve performance and reduce resources.
6. Strategy for improving quality of the products to be drawn. Please employ a Japanese
expert as a Head of quality. Re-organise the testing team. Get unit, integration and
applicationtestingdone toappropriate depth,quantum,etc.Checkrate of defects(no. of
defects per hour) reported. Resolve integration issues like It allows long file name
howeverdoesnot move displaying error & even termination of copy/ move operations.
Make the team passionate, challenge developers how can there be any bug in your
program? Define ownership of the defects for developers & testers.
7. While issue is being reported online, allow user to enter criticality. Involve users to
improve.
8. Allow multithreads work efficiently.
9. Display correct data.. e.g.while copyingprogressbardisplayswrongdataalwayslike time
needed to complete the operations
10. Revamp website and make it efficient. Reduce number of clicks while searching a
solutiontoproblemonwebsite.Make itefficient.Mostof the time tonnes of the content
is displayed however not useful. Get the entire content reviewed by content writers.

Make downloads simple and with fewer clicks without user to get lost.
11. Offersimple but important features like size of the folder to be displayed. Can multiple
processes be selected using check boxes while killing those?
12. Be ethical in business.Charge once only;donot make any productobsolete. While doing
so,just askfor add-onprice.Alsoeducate dealers and users. Publish a simple half a page
document as a check list what user should check while purchasing.
13. Educate the users...e.g. 1000 GB external hard disk recommended for partition for eaze
of operations like security check, formatting, etc
Hope you will take care of above on priority and Wish you all the best for your future growth.

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