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What Does The Evidence Tell Us
About Institutional Repositories?
Jenny Delasalle – Academic Support Manager (Research) in the Library at the
University of Warwick.
Blog: http://blogs.warwick.ac.uk/libresearch/ Twitter: @JennyDelasalle

Brian Kelly – UK Web Focus and ISC Community Engagement Manager at
UKOLN, University of Bath.
Blog: http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/web-focus/ Twitter: @briankelly /
@ukwebfocus



           enhancing access to
Both interested in
research papers…
See also: Can LinkedIn and Academia.edu Enhance Access to Open Repositories?
Kelly, B. and Delasalle, J. Open Repositories 2012, 9-13 July 2012, Edinburgh, Scotland.
http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/web-focus/papers/or12/paper-136/

                                                                                           JD > JD
Idea from Cameron Neylon

You are free to:
                                                    copy, share, adapt, or re-mix;



                                                    photograph, film, or broadcast;



                                                    blog, live-blog, or post video of


this presentation provided that:
              You attribute the work to its author and respect the rights and
              licences associated with its components.
    Slide Concept by Cameron Neylon, who has waived all copyright and related or neighbouring rights. This slide only CCZero.
                                                                                             2
    Social Media Icons adapted with permission from originals by Christopher Ross. Original images are available under GPL at:
2   http://www.thisismyurl.com/free-downloads/15-free-speech-bubble-icons-for-popular-websites
What we investigated…
Q Can LinkedIn and Academia.edu et al drive more
  traffic to papers in repositories?

• We looked at researchers’ participation in “profile
  sites”.
    see: A Survey of Use of Researcher Profiling Services Across the 24 Russell Group
    Universities http://wp.me/p25qL-2Qc
• Brian Kelly’s own papers & blog: traffic between them.
    see: Where Do You Go To (My Lovely)? http://wp.me/p25qL-2Zd
• We looked at institutional repository visitor sources.
    see: SEO Analysis of WRAP, the Warwick University Repository
    http://wp.me/p25qL-3du

3
                                                                                 JD > JD
Put your profile online: where?
    •   LinkedIn
    •   Facebook
    •   Mendeley
    •   ResearchGate
    •   Academia.edu
    •   ResearcherID
    •   University’s own pages
    •   Amazon author pages
    •   Claim your papers on Google Scholar

    • Places to link to your articles from.

4
                                              JD > JD
Authors’ guidelines on publisher websites
• Taylor and Francis advise the use of LinkedIn and academic social
  networking sites, mentioning MyNetResearch and Academici as
  examples…
• Springer’s Author pages offer advice on using online tools and social
  media. They mention Facebook, Google+, LinkedIn and ResearchGate,
  Twitter and Wikipedia.
• Sage’s “Promote your article” lists YouTube, Slideshare, Flickr and other
  Sage channels. Their section on “Help readers find your article” covers
  Search Engine Optimisation.
• OUP's "Social Media Author Guidelines" cover blogs, Twitter, Facebook
  and Youtube, and link to OUP channels. They also list LinkedIn, Goodreads,
  flickr, tumblr and Quora.
• Emerald’s “How to Guides” for authors include some valuable advice on
  disseminating your work: their “drawing attention to your book” is more
  useful for social media advice, though.

• None of these author guidelines mention
5 repository deposit, however!                                           JD > JD
Institutional repositories in the UK
• See MajesticSEO Analysis of these three at:
  http://ukwebfocus.wordpress.com/




6
                                                JD > JD
Analysis of WRAP
• Background:
    – No mandate for deposit, & highly mediated deposit
      process
    – content is often picked up on researcher’s behalf.
• Visitor nos.:
    – just over 18,000 a month in 50 months (G Analytics)
    – 730,304 downloads: 49.08% of which from Google or G
      Scholar (IR Stats)
• Links from (SEO):
    – our Business School (wbs.ac.uk) and the Bielefeld
      Academic Search Engine(BASE)
    – Some “top” addresses also feature in G Analytics data

7
                                                              JD > JD
Using analysis of WRAP
• Links to same domain ignored
• Educational domains link to us?
• Which papers are the backlinks to?
    1. A research paper on the impact of cotton in poor rural
       households in India.
    2. The WRAP homepage.
    3. A PDF of an economics working paper on currency area
       theory. (most downloaded paper in WRAP!)
    4. A PDF of an economics working paper on happiness and
       productivity.
    5. The record for a PhD thesis on Women poets.
• Information to share with authors, to encourage
  repository deposit? Or too fuzzy?
8
                                                           JD > BK
Importance of Google
• Context:
   • Between 50-80% of traffic to IRs are from Google (may be
     higher if direct links to PDFs not recorded by Google
     Analytics)
      See: MajesticSEO Analysis of Russell Group University Repositories
      http://wp.me/p25qL-315
• What provides ‘Google juice’:
  • On-page SEO techniques
    (structure, writing style, …)
  • Links to pages, especially
    from highly-ranking sites

9
                                                                      BK > BK
WHAT DELIVERS GOOGLE JUICE?


                       Survey of SEO ranking of 24 Russell
                       Group IRs carried out in August 2012.
                       Findings:
                         • Google, YouTube, Blogspot, Wikipe
                           dia and Microsoft are highest
                           ranking domains with links to IRs
                        •   Blogspot.com & WordPress.com have
       Blogspot.com         significantly larger number of links to IRs
       Wordpress.com


                        •   Links from institutional domain (e.g. locally-
                            hosted blogs) provide little Google juice!

10
                                                                     BK > BK
UK Web
               Focus blog
               has a
               rotating
               Featured
11
     BK > BK   Paper link
Most cited papers
     according to Google
     Scholar Citations




        Downloads (IR)
        Nos. Current Graph
        275

        169

        244


12
                    BK > BK
Reasons For Paper’s Popularity
Possible reasons
     – Quality of paper
     – Quality of metadata
     – Importance of co-authors
     – Provision of full-text,
       rather than just metadata
     – Formats used (HTML as well as PDFs)
     – Role of social media
     – Other suggestions?

13
                                             BK > BK
SEO or SMO
SEO:
   Helping Google find your papers through:
      • Writing style, document structure, …
      • In-bound links
SMO:
   Helping other people find your papers through:
      • Viral marketing
      • Engaging with one’s peers
      • Sharing on social media services
SMO: Good for new papers, but not relevant for popular
     papers written from 2004-8
SEO: Document structure consistent. Difference
                                                         BK >
     appears to be significant nos. of in-bound links    JD
Researchers can
• Look at metrics for their papers: which are most
  downloaded and when.
• Investigate social media tools & communities to
  promote their work.
• Learn which practices drive traffic and citations:
  prioritise.
• Generate in-bound links to their papers: light
  weight.
• Understand the networks where they can
  participate: prioritise.

15
                                                   JD > JD
We should use this evidence to:
• Advise researchers on:
     – how to monitor attention for their work (impact
       within and beyond academia)
     – Key social media channels to trial for themselves
     – Apply SEO tips to repositories
• Advise HE funders on how OA is & could be
  working.
• Consider what we need to make repositories
  successful: be open ourselves and share our
  findings with each other.
     – (As recommended by R. David Lankes in ILI 2012
       Keynote!)
16
                                                           JD > JD
Questions
Any questions or comments?




                                 17

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Ili2012

  • 1. What Does The Evidence Tell Us About Institutional Repositories? Jenny Delasalle – Academic Support Manager (Research) in the Library at the University of Warwick. Blog: http://blogs.warwick.ac.uk/libresearch/ Twitter: @JennyDelasalle Brian Kelly – UK Web Focus and ISC Community Engagement Manager at UKOLN, University of Bath. Blog: http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/web-focus/ Twitter: @briankelly / @ukwebfocus enhancing access to Both interested in research papers… See also: Can LinkedIn and Academia.edu Enhance Access to Open Repositories? Kelly, B. and Delasalle, J. Open Repositories 2012, 9-13 July 2012, Edinburgh, Scotland. http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/web-focus/papers/or12/paper-136/ JD > JD
  • 2. Idea from Cameron Neylon You are free to: copy, share, adapt, or re-mix; photograph, film, or broadcast; blog, live-blog, or post video of this presentation provided that: You attribute the work to its author and respect the rights and licences associated with its components. Slide Concept by Cameron Neylon, who has waived all copyright and related or neighbouring rights. This slide only CCZero. 2 Social Media Icons adapted with permission from originals by Christopher Ross. Original images are available under GPL at: 2 http://www.thisismyurl.com/free-downloads/15-free-speech-bubble-icons-for-popular-websites
  • 3. What we investigated… Q Can LinkedIn and Academia.edu et al drive more traffic to papers in repositories? • We looked at researchers’ participation in “profile sites”. see: A Survey of Use of Researcher Profiling Services Across the 24 Russell Group Universities http://wp.me/p25qL-2Qc • Brian Kelly’s own papers & blog: traffic between them. see: Where Do You Go To (My Lovely)? http://wp.me/p25qL-2Zd • We looked at institutional repository visitor sources. see: SEO Analysis of WRAP, the Warwick University Repository http://wp.me/p25qL-3du 3 JD > JD
  • 4. Put your profile online: where? • LinkedIn • Facebook • Mendeley • ResearchGate • Academia.edu • ResearcherID • University’s own pages • Amazon author pages • Claim your papers on Google Scholar • Places to link to your articles from. 4 JD > JD
  • 5. Authors’ guidelines on publisher websites • Taylor and Francis advise the use of LinkedIn and academic social networking sites, mentioning MyNetResearch and Academici as examples… • Springer’s Author pages offer advice on using online tools and social media. They mention Facebook, Google+, LinkedIn and ResearchGate, Twitter and Wikipedia. • Sage’s “Promote your article” lists YouTube, Slideshare, Flickr and other Sage channels. Their section on “Help readers find your article” covers Search Engine Optimisation. • OUP's "Social Media Author Guidelines" cover blogs, Twitter, Facebook and Youtube, and link to OUP channels. They also list LinkedIn, Goodreads, flickr, tumblr and Quora. • Emerald’s “How to Guides” for authors include some valuable advice on disseminating your work: their “drawing attention to your book” is more useful for social media advice, though. • None of these author guidelines mention 5 repository deposit, however! JD > JD
  • 6. Institutional repositories in the UK • See MajesticSEO Analysis of these three at: http://ukwebfocus.wordpress.com/ 6 JD > JD
  • 7. Analysis of WRAP • Background: – No mandate for deposit, & highly mediated deposit process – content is often picked up on researcher’s behalf. • Visitor nos.: – just over 18,000 a month in 50 months (G Analytics) – 730,304 downloads: 49.08% of which from Google or G Scholar (IR Stats) • Links from (SEO): – our Business School (wbs.ac.uk) and the Bielefeld Academic Search Engine(BASE) – Some “top” addresses also feature in G Analytics data 7 JD > JD
  • 8. Using analysis of WRAP • Links to same domain ignored • Educational domains link to us? • Which papers are the backlinks to? 1. A research paper on the impact of cotton in poor rural households in India. 2. The WRAP homepage. 3. A PDF of an economics working paper on currency area theory. (most downloaded paper in WRAP!) 4. A PDF of an economics working paper on happiness and productivity. 5. The record for a PhD thesis on Women poets. • Information to share with authors, to encourage repository deposit? Or too fuzzy? 8 JD > BK
  • 9. Importance of Google • Context: • Between 50-80% of traffic to IRs are from Google (may be higher if direct links to PDFs not recorded by Google Analytics) See: MajesticSEO Analysis of Russell Group University Repositories http://wp.me/p25qL-315 • What provides ‘Google juice’: • On-page SEO techniques (structure, writing style, …) • Links to pages, especially from highly-ranking sites 9 BK > BK
  • 10. WHAT DELIVERS GOOGLE JUICE? Survey of SEO ranking of 24 Russell Group IRs carried out in August 2012. Findings: • Google, YouTube, Blogspot, Wikipe dia and Microsoft are highest ranking domains with links to IRs • Blogspot.com & WordPress.com have Blogspot.com significantly larger number of links to IRs Wordpress.com • Links from institutional domain (e.g. locally- hosted blogs) provide little Google juice! 10 BK > BK
  • 11. UK Web Focus blog has a rotating Featured 11 BK > BK Paper link
  • 12. Most cited papers according to Google Scholar Citations Downloads (IR) Nos. Current Graph 275 169 244 12 BK > BK
  • 13. Reasons For Paper’s Popularity Possible reasons – Quality of paper – Quality of metadata – Importance of co-authors – Provision of full-text, rather than just metadata – Formats used (HTML as well as PDFs) – Role of social media – Other suggestions? 13 BK > BK
  • 14. SEO or SMO SEO: Helping Google find your papers through: • Writing style, document structure, … • In-bound links SMO: Helping other people find your papers through: • Viral marketing • Engaging with one’s peers • Sharing on social media services SMO: Good for new papers, but not relevant for popular papers written from 2004-8 SEO: Document structure consistent. Difference BK > appears to be significant nos. of in-bound links JD
  • 15. Researchers can • Look at metrics for their papers: which are most downloaded and when. • Investigate social media tools & communities to promote their work. • Learn which practices drive traffic and citations: prioritise. • Generate in-bound links to their papers: light weight. • Understand the networks where they can participate: prioritise. 15 JD > JD
  • 16. We should use this evidence to: • Advise researchers on: – how to monitor attention for their work (impact within and beyond academia) – Key social media channels to trial for themselves – Apply SEO tips to repositories • Advise HE funders on how OA is & could be working. • Consider what we need to make repositories successful: be open ourselves and share our findings with each other. – (As recommended by R. David Lankes in ILI 2012 Keynote!) 16 JD > JD

Editor's Notes

  • #4: Profile sites provide somewhere to create inbound links to papers: will this boost Google juice? OA papers are not really accessible if not discoverable!
  • #5: Others include: Academic Room, IAMScientist.com, Nature Networks, H-Net, COS Scholar Universe, RePEc, SSRC, (Labmeeting has entered TechCrunch’sdeadpool!)
  • #6: First assessed in March this year, but links & details checked last week! : I did also look for Elsevier and Wiley's guides but couldn't find comparable content easilyAlso, repositories don’t make similar recommendations to authors!
  • #8: 22,000+ students, 1400 research staff. 1600 PhD students. 5000 staff in total. Over 7000 items in WRAP.
  • #9: 9,162 downloads to the end of August 2012 BUT do backlinks lead to downloads? Not all of these papers are highly downloaded: there are other factors, too.
  • #16: Repository managers could help them with this: IR Stats shows researchers metrics for their own papers. Yvonne wrote about telling stories about papers.