Immr template studio courseware

Using Haptic Studio to Create
Custom Haptic Effects

May 3, 2012
NASDAQ: IMMR

©2011 Immersion Corporation–Confidential

What you will learn in this course
 Who should be taking this course?
 What you should have installed before starting the class
 What will be provided to you in class
 Why custom haptic effects?
 Introduction to creating custom haptic effects
 Exploring the sample application
 Understanding audio files
 Creating basis effects to compliment the features of audio
files
 Combining multiple basis effects to create a complex timeline
effect
 Exporting haptic effects for implementation into an application
 Adding custom haptic effects to an Android application
 Haptic Studio tips and tricks

©2011 Immersion Corporation–Confidential 2

Who should be taking this course?
 This course targets experienced Android developers who
have completed the course UHL: Adding haptic effects to your
Android application. In order to implement custom effects
created using Haptic Studio, developers should have practical
experience with:
Android architecture
 The life cycle of components
 Event handling
 Tween and frame-by-frame animation
 Debugging an application
 Deploying an application to a device


What you should have installed before
starting the class
As an experienced Android developer, you should attend class
with these items installed on your computer:

 Java SE
 Eclipse
 Android SDK
 Android Developer Tools
– From within Eclipse’s ―Install new Software‖ option, point toHaptic
Studio

IMPORTANT NOTE: Before starting the class, you should ensure that
Haptic Studio is able to see and communicate with your Android device
via Haptic Bridge.


What will be provided to you in class
This course focuses on developing and implementing custom haptic
effects. You will be provided the code for a simple sample
application as well as four audio files that you will use as part of the
exercises:
– AirplaneCrash_Starter.zip (Eclipse project)
– AirplaneCrash_Starter.apk
– AirplaneCrash_Solution.zip (Eclipse project)
– airplane_snd.wav
– running_snd.wav
– dying_snd.wav
– impact_snd.wav

You are also provided a reference library of Haptic Studio effects
that can be used as-is or modified for use in your future Haptic
Studio effect design projects:
Haptic_Studio_Reference_Library.ivs


Why custom haptic effects?
 Haptic Studio allows you to dramatically enhance the quality
of the mobile user's communications experience with custom
haptic effects

 Go beyond the simple haptic effects

 Allows you to design effects that are perfectly tuned to
compliment your project’s audio or visual elements


Introduction to creating custom haptic
effects
 In this course you will be creating not only custom basis
effects, but also timeline effects

 Timeline effects combine basis effects along a timeline

 Haptic Studio allows you to create custom, timeline effects in
one of two ways:
– Manually - using the tools within Haptic Studio
– Dynamically - using Haptic Studio’s MIDI conversion feature

 This course if focused on the manual creation of custom
haptic effects


Introduction to creating custom haptic
effects
 Haptic Studio simplifies the manual creation of haptic effects
to compliment media files by allowing you to import and
reference a media file on the same timeline that you are using
to create the effect
 Supported formats are:
– AAC (.acc)
– K3G (.k3g)
– MPEG-4 Audio (.m4a)
– MIDI (.mid)
– MP3 (.mp3)
– MPEG-4 Video (mp4)
– SKM (.skm)
– Wave (.wav)


Exploring the sample application
 In the following exercises, you will create custom haptic
effects and implement them into a sample application that is
based on the animation of an aircraft in flight

 You will be designing custom haptic effects that allow the user
to feel the running engine and the impact of the crash.


Exercise 1: Exploring the sample
application

In this exercise you will:

 Explore the Airplane Crash sample application with and
without haptic effects

 Install and run the Airplane Crash starterfile

 Install and run the Airplane Crash solution file


Understanding audio files
 Important that you be able to examine audio files and identify
key features
 The Y-axis represents amplitude (volume) and the X-axis
represents frequency (the number of cycles/vibrations per a
specified amount of time)
 Higher frequency vibrations are sensed as higher pitched
sounds and lower frequency vibrations are sensed as low
pitch sounds
 Easy to shape haptic effects to match audio waveforms
 Haptic Studio allows you to view audio waveforms and haptic
waveforms side-by-side


Discussion: Identifying key features of an
audio file and developing a design strategy

 Keep effects as short as possible

 Reduces the impact of drift—a phenomena that can cause
long effects to become out of sync’ with audio or other media
files that they accompany

 Consider all of the component parts (audio, animation,
haptics, interactions, controls, etc.) in advance

 Then develop a haptic design strategy that will maximize the
benefits of haptic feedback


 Let’s revisit the sound track from our sample application
Airplane Crash

 Looking at the soundtrack waveform, you should be able to
easily identify these key features: engine running, engine
dying, silence and impact


 Better strategy would be to break it down into three separate
haptic effects
 Elected to divide the soundtrack into three separate sound
files—each representing a key feature

 Straight forward approach will allow our application to simply
call the appropriate haptic effect as each individual sound file
is played


Creating basis effects to compliment the
features of audio files
 Basis effects can be used alone or combined to form more
complex, timeline effect

 There are three types of basis effects:
– Periodic effects are cyclic or pulsing and played at a
specific (though variable) frequency
– MagSweep effects are constant as opposed to cyclic
– WaveForm effects can capture a very high degree of
detail from an audio file and require TouchSense 5000 for
replay


Creating basis effects to compliment the
features of audio files
 When you add a Periodic or MagSweep effect to your project
you will be able to control certain attributes
 In this course you will deal with:
– Magnitude - the strength of the effect—like volume is to
audio
– Duration - the length of the effect—how long it will play
– Attack Time - the amount of time to fade in an effect
– Fade Time - the amount of time to fade out an effect
 When dealing with Periodic effects, you also have control
over:
– Period - the amount of time from cycle to cycle


Exercise 2: Creating simple basis effects to match
the sounds of the running and dying engine


 Select appropriate basis effects for each of the audio
files

 Modify these effects to compliment the sound file

 Use a timeline to combine audio and haptic effects for
testing



Launching Haptic Studio
 Plug your Android device into your computer and launch
Haptic Bridge
– Do this BEFORE launching Haptic Studio.
 Launch Haptic Studio
 Select your device from the drop-down menu

 From the View menu, select Details



Select and modify a basis effect to compliment the
sound of the running engine
 You will adjust the parameters to create a strong, steady pulse
with an abrupt start (attack) and stop (fade)
 Click on the New Timeline button on the toolbar:

 Place your cursor in the object name area and rename it
torunning_tl
 Click on the New Multimedia button on the toolbar:



 Locate and select the file running_snd.wav
 Click on the New Periodic buttonon the toolbar:

 Place your cursor in the object name area and rename the
effect running_he



 Double click on the new running_he object to open the effect
editor view:



 Adjust the Magnitude parameter to the maximum level
(10000)
 Set the Attack Time and Fade Time parameters both to 0 so
that the effect will start and stop abruptly
 Use the Play button to sample the effect



 Adjust the Period parameter to 50 ms and play the effect
again



 Since this is a single-magnitude effect (sudden start/stop) you
can specify an infinite duration and control the start and stop
at the application level
 Click on the Infinite button:

 Double click on the running_tlobject to open the timeline
 Drag an instance of the running_sndobject into the timeline
 Drag an instance of the running_he object into the timeline



 Your timeline should now look like this:



 Click on the New Timeline button on the toolbar and name
the new timeline object dying_tl
 Click on the New Multimedia button on the toolbar and select
the file dying_snd.wav from your hard drive
 Double click on the dying_snd object to produce the Wave
Form inspector:



 Click on the running_he object in list view to highlight it:

 Select Copy (Ctrl+C) and then Paste > Effects and
Referenced Effects (Ctrl+V) from the Edit menu
 Rename the new object dying_he



 Double click on the new dying object to open the effect editor
and change the duration to 1620 ms
 Now adjust the Fade Time parameter to 1620ms so that it
matches the duration-- producing a steady, fading, magnitude
slope from beginning to end



 Double click on the dying_tlobject to open the timeline
 Drag the dying_sndobject into the timeline
 Drag thedying_he object into the timeline
 Because you specified the duration of the effect to match the
duration of the sound file the two should match up perfectly on
the timeline



 Play the timeline and experience the sound and haptic effect
together
 Select Save > Save As and name your Haptic Studio project
Airplane Crash



Combining multiple basis effects to create a complex
timeline effect

 Complex haptic effects are created by arranging one or more
basis effects (like building blocks) on a timeline
 In the case of complex effects, the application will call the
timeline and not the individual effect
 A timeline can be simple—a single basis effect repeated to
create some sort of rhythm for example, or complex—multiple
basis effects that may overlap



Example of a single effect (simple) timeline

Example of a multiple effect (complex) timeline



You can place an audio file on the timeline as a development aid

When a complex haptic effect timeline is exported, it is treated
as a single effect.


Exercise 3: Creating a complex, timeline
effect to match the sound of impact


 Select appropriate basis effects for each part of the
impact audio file

 Modify these effects to compliment the sound they will
accompany

 Combine the basis effects on a timeline


 Return to your Airplane Crash Haptic Studio project.
 Add a new timeline object and rename it impact_tl
 Use the New Multimedia button to import the file
impact_snd.wav
 Double click on the impact_snd object to display the audio
waveform (Figure 22). Listen carefully as you play the file and
notice that there are really two components to the sound.
There is the initial impact followed by a fading
aftershock. Notice that the entire duration is 2.332 seconds
(2332 milliseconds)



 Estimated duration of initial impact: 279 ms (1/8th of the total)
 Estimate duration of aftershock: 2053 ms (7/8th of the total)


 Click on the New MagSweep button on the toolbar to insert a
MagSweep object
 Rename the new object impact_a
 Double click on the impact_a object to open the effects
editor and apply theses settings:
– Magnitude: 10000
– Duration: 279 ms
– Attack Time: 0
– Fade Time: 0


Your settings should look something like this:


 Click the New Periodic button on the toolbar to introduce a
new Periodic object and rename it impact_b
 Double click the new impact_bobject to produce the object
editor and apply these settings:
– Magnitude: 10000
– Period: 70 ms (a slower, deeper, pulsing than the running
engine)
– Duration: 2053 ms (estimate determined earlier)
– Attack Time: 0
– Fade Time: 2053 ms


 Double click on theimpact_tlto open the timeline
 Drag theimpact_sndobject into the timeline
 Drag the impact_a object into the timeline
 Drag the impact_b object into the timeline
 Select the impact_a object on the timeline
– Slowly move your cursor over the right boundary until the 4-way arrow
turns into a 2-way arrow
 Select impact_b effect to produce the 4-way arrow
 Use your cursor and the 2-way arrow to adjust the length of
this effect to match the sound wave form (approximately 2113
ms)


 Play the timeline and experience the complex effect and
sound playing together
 Select File > Save


Exporting haptic effects for
implementation into an application
 Media files are not embedded in Haptic Studio projects and
data exported from Haptic Studio contains no information
about media files—they are strictly for development purposes
 Effects and media files must be re-synchronized at the
application level
 In the case of a complex effect that includes multiple basis
effects, the timeline will be called and not the individual effects
 When you export from Haptic Studio for Android applications,
you will either export as an IVT file, or as Java code
 If you are exporting Java code, omit the effect names if
possible


Exporting haptic effects for
implementation into an application
This is a segment of the Java file produced:


Exercise 4: Exporting haptic effects for
implementation into the Airplane Crash application


 Export your Haptic Studio created effects to a Java file



 Return to your Airplane Crash Haptic Studio project.
 Select File > Export > Java Code and save the file as
AirplaneEffects.java to your hard drive. When asked about
omitting effect names, say no



Adding custom haptic effects to an Android application

 Adding a custom haptic effect is a multi-step process that
includes:
– Adding the UHL package,
– Adding the native library file
– Reading custom haptic effects information into a buffer
– Playing the haptic effects on your target device


Playing custom effects
 To play a custom haptic effect, you must first create a Device
object
device = Device.newDevice(context);

 You also need to create an IVTBuffer object before playing the
custom effects (IVT is the native file format for Haptic Studio)
IVTBufferivt = new IVTBuffer(myeffects.ivt);

 Once these objects are created and initialized, you can play
the actual effect by using the playIVTEffect() method

device.playIVTEffect(ivt, myeffects.Periodic);


Stopping custom effects
 To stop the play of custom haptic effects, you must use the
following code:

device.stopAllPlayingEffects();

 The Device must be closed after it has been used to play and
stop the haptic effects. This ensures that there are no
resource leaks in the application.
device.close();


Exercise 5: Adding your custom haptic
effects to the Airplane Crash application


 Set up an Eclipse project using the Airplane Crash
starter file provided

 Add the custom haptic effects you have created to the
sample application


Set up an Eclipse project

 In Eclipse, select File > Import > General > Existing
Projects into Workspace

 Select Next and then choose the radio button for Select
archive file

 Enter the path to the file AirplaneCrash_Starter.zipthat is
provided with this course

 ClickFinish



Add the Universal Haptic Layer (UHL) package

 Unzip the UHL package that you downloaded earlier. You will
see three files:
– UHL.jar
– libEmmulatorJ.so
– UHLdoc.zip

 Copy the UHL.jar and UHLdoc.zip files and paste them in the
libs folder for the project.



Add the jar file

 Right-click on the AirplaneCrash_Starter project in the
Eclipse Package Explorer and choose Build Path >
Configure Build Path

 Select the Libraries tab and click on Add JARs

 Browse to the project's libs folder and select the UHL.jar
file Notice the UHL.jar file added to the project



Add the Javadoc for the UHL

 Expand the UHL.jar directory and select Javadoc location.
 Click Edit.
 In the Javadoc For ‘UHL.jar’ window, select the Javadoc in
archive radio button.
 Select the Workspace file radio button.
 To set the Archive path, browse to your project and then the
libs folder and select UHLdoc.zip.
 Click OK.



Add the native library file

 Create a new folder armeabi, inside the libsfolder in your
project directory

 Copy the libImmEmulatorJ.so file from the UHL package
and paste it into this new armeabifolder



Adjust the application’s manifest file
 Open AndroidManifest.xmlin the root directory of your
Eclipse project
 Locate the tag <uses-sdkandroid:minSdkVersion=”3”/>
and change the value of the minSdkVersionto 7. Your code
should look like this:
<uses-sdkandroid:minSdkVersion=”7”/>
 After the application tag block, add the following code for the
VIBRATE permission:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.VIBRATE" />
 Save the file



Disabling automatic haptic feedback

 Add the following code to the layout file in your project to
disable the haptic effects that are automatically applied to
certain components in the Android user interface:

<Button
android:id="@+id/replayButton"
android:layout_centerInParent="true"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/replay"
android:onClick="replayAnimation"
android:hapticFeedbackEnabled="false"/>



Add the custom haptic effect you exported earlier

 Copy the AirplaneEffects.java file from your hard drive to the
src directory in your Eclipse project
 Add the package declaration to the top of the Java file;
package com.immersion.haptic;

 Open AirplaneCrashActivity.java class in the IDE for editing
 Declare the Device class variable in your Activity:
Device device;



Add the custom haptic effect you exported earlier

 Create an IVTBufferobject with the exported effect definitions
in your Activity;
IVTBufferivtBuffer = new IVTBuffer(Airplane.ivt);



 In the onCreate() method of your Activity class, create a
Device object;

// Instantiate a device object

try
{
device = Device.newDevice(getApplicationContext());
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
Log.i("AirplaneCrashActivity.class", "Error in instantiating
device object for haptics!"+ex.getMessage());
}


 In the Running() method within the Activity, add code to play
the running_hehaptic effect after the mediaPlayer.start()
statement

// Play the running haptic effect
try
{
device.playIVTEffect(ivtBuffer, Airplane.running_he);
}
catch(Exceptione)
{
Log.i("AirplaneCrashActivity.class","Catch all
exceptions!"+e.getMessage());
}


 In the listener for the media player, when the
running_snd.wav audio file is playing, add code to stop the
running_hehaptic effect when the audio stops:

mediaPlayer.setOnCompletionListener(newOnCompletionListe
ner() {
@Override
public void onCompletion(MediaPlayer mp) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
mediaPlayer.stop();
mediaPlayer.release();
Dying();
}
});


 In the Dying() method within the Activity, add code to play the
dying_hehaptic effect after the mediaPlayer.start()
statement:

// Play the dying haptic effect
try
{
device.playIVTEffect(ivtBuffer, Airplane.dying_he);
}
catch(Exceptione)
{
}


 In the listener for the media player, when the dying_snd.wav
audio file is playing, add code to stop the dying_hehaptic
effect once the audio stops:
ner() {
@Override
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
mediaPlayer.stop();
}
});


 In the override function onAnimationEnd() of the
planeAnimation3.setAnimationListener() method, add code
to play the impact_tleffect after the mediaPlayer.start()
statement:

// Play the impact haptic effect
try
{
device.playIVTEffect(ivtBuffer, Airplane.impact_tl);
}
catch(Exceptione)
{
}


 In the listener for the media player, when the
impact_snd.wav audio file is playing, add code to stop the
impact_tlhaptic effect when the audio stops:

ner() {
@Override
mediaPlayer.stop();
}
});


 Add import statements for the Device and IVTBufferobjects
(if they weren’t added automatically):

import com.immersion.uhl.Device;
import com.immersion.uhl.IVTBuffer;

 In the onDestroy() method of the Activity, add code to close
the device:
/* When the device is not needed anymore, it must be closed
to avoid resource leak */
device.close();


 Add code to close the device again in the onKeyDown()
method in the Activity:
public booleanonKeyDown(intkeyCode, KeyEvent event) {
if ((keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK) || (keyCode ==
KeyEvent.KEYCODE_MENU)) {

// Finish the activity
finish();

// close the device
device.close();

return true;
}
return super.onKeyDown(keyCode, event);
}


Appendix A: Development environment
setup

Installing Android SDK on your PC

 If you haven’t already download and install the latest Android
SDK, do so
now:http://developer.android.com/sdk/1.5_r1/index.html
 Within the Android SDK, navigate to the file adb.exe
 Add the path of the folder containing the executable adb.exe
to your PATH environment variable
– This step is critical in enabling Haptic Studio to connect to
your device
 Install the ADB driver for your device


setup

Installing Haptic Studio on your PC

 Log on to your computer using an account with Administrator
privileges (Haptic Studio requires Administrator privileges to
install certain required components)

 Download Haptic Studio from the SDK area

 Run the Haptic Studio installer (.exe file) to install the
application


setup

Linking your Android device to Haptic Studio

 On the handset, enable USB Debugging in the
Settings/Applications/Development menu.

 Connect the handset to the PC using the USB cable that
came with your device.

 Open a command prompt and type: adb devices


setup
Installing and configuring Haptic Bridge on your
Android device

 Go to
http://market.android.com/details?id=com.immersion.designer
bridge on your device and download the Haptic Bridge
application, or search for 'Haptic Bridge' in the Android Market
 Install the Haptic Bridge application to your Android device
 Reboot your device (this ensures that the Haptic Bridge
service has started)
 Locate the Haptic Bridge application in the application
drawer by looking for the Haptic Bridge icon


setup
 Launch the application
 Launch Haptic Studio
– If Studio is able to communicate with the handset, the
connection status displayed in the Haptic Bridge
application will change to connected
 Click on Reset Connection button in the application if the
Haptic Bridge doesn’t connect to Haptic Studio
 Haptic Studio will also display the device name in the toolbar
– If you are using a TouchSense-enabled handset, the string
that appears in the toolbar will be the version of the
TouchSense Player in the handset
– If the handset uses the TouchSense Emulator functionality
of the UHL, TS Emulator 3000 will be displayed


Appendix B: Haptic Studio user interface
Haptic Studio menu items
 File menu—open, save and close files, create new files,
convert audio files
 Edit menu—cut, copy and paste
 View menu
– Icon—shows only effect icons
– List—this is essentially the Icon view reduced in size
– Detail—lists effects and provides detailed information
 Help menu—launches help documentation in a new window.
 New, Open and Save icons—shortcuts to File menu
operations
 Cut, Copy and Paste icons—shortcuts to Edit menu
operations


Appendix B: Haptic Studio user interface
 Viewicon—shortcut to View menu operations
 Basis Effects icons—inserts new Periodic, MagSweep and
WaveForm effects
 Timeline icon—creates a timeline into which basis effects can
be placed and manipulated
 Multimedia icon—imports an audio file for reference
purposes
 Play and Stop icons—shortcuts to Playback menu
 Device List—allows you to select your connected device
 Refresh icon—refreshes device list
 Help icon —shortcut to Help menu functionality


Appendix C: Haptic Studio device
connection trouble shooting
1. Save your work
2. Close the Studio
3. Unplug your device
4. Open the Haptic Bridge application on your device and
restart the service
5. Re-plug in your device
6. Open your Windows Programs menu and go to your
―Administrative Tools‖ folder
7. Open your ―Services‖ control application that is found in the
―Administrative Tools‖ folder
8. Scroll down the list of services until you find the ―Immersion
TouchSense Service‖
9. Select the ―Immersion TouchSense Service‖ and stop that
service, then restart the service from this same window


Appendix C: Haptic Studio device
connection trouble shooting
10. Next, keep the ―Services‖ control window open (in case you
need to restart the services again) and re-launch Haptic
Studio
11. Check your device drop-down list to find your device
connected
12. If your device does not show connected, press the device
refresh icon
13. Wait a few seconds and check your device list again
14. If you still do not see your device, keep your device
connected but open your Haptic Bridge application on your
device and restart Haptic Bridge software
15. Now try steps 11-12 again


Appendix D: Haptic Studio tips and tricks
Shifting All Timeline Elements – To shift all Timeline elements one way or the
other, use ―Ctrl+A‖ to select all elements within the Timeline and then you
use your cursor to drag all the elements left or right in the Timeline as you
please.

Sorting Effects within Timelines – While working within the Timeline view,
you may find you want to sort the listed order of multiple objects to for
instance, better align vibe events to a referenced waveform profile. Simply
select the object name (not the Timeline events) and press your Delete
key. Then use the Undo edit option. This will return your deleted Timeline
object to the bottom of the Object list. In this way you can reorder the
Object list in the Timeline anyway you like.

Sorting Effects within the List View – Since Haptic Studio lists effects in the
order they were created, you may find you want to reorder the Object in the
List View. You can do this by opening a new project and dragging Objects
over to the new project in any order that you might want.

Timelines vs. Non-Timeline Basis effects - It is good practice place
each of your new Basis effects, whether they are Periodic or
MagSweeps, into Timelines and to rename the Timelines describing
their purpose, like ―Menu Click‖ or ―Engine.‖ Once your effect is in a
Timeline you have more design options, like:
– The ability to browse to a sound file and use that sound file as a
reference during your design
– The ability to use the repeat looping function
– The ability to use the pre-roll function
– The ability to use the Basis effect Override function and reuse
those Basis effects for multiple Timelines without changing the
parameters of the original Basis effect
 You can reference the ―Haptic_Studio_Reference_Library.ivs‖ effect
file to see a good example of this.


Single Effect Files vs. Multi-Effect Files - It is not necessary to create
a new effect file for each effect. You can group any number of
effects within one Studio file. The only exception is for ringtone
specific effects. The TouchSense API mechanism for playing back
an effect Timeline with a ringtone on a handset requires that the
effect file have only one Timeline. If there is more than one Timeline
in the referenced file, only the first Timeline will be played.

Periodic vs MagSweep effects – While MagSweep effects are easier
to work with (since they lack the added parameter that allows
pulsing), they can limit your creativity. You may want to stick with
using only Periodic Basis effects unless you are certain the effect
you are creating will remain very smooth (without the need for
pulsing or changing frequency parameters).


Sharp vs Strong Effect Styles – Although Haptic Studio offers three Style
modes within the Basis effect editing windows, (Strong, Smooth and Sharp),
you will likely find yourself only using the Sharp and Strong modes because
they are so different from each other. The Smooth mode is a subtle
difference from Strong mode that most users will not be able to differentiate.

Periodic Wave Types – Within the Periodic editing window, you have the
option of choosing the type of vibration waveform the TouchSense player
will simulate. This function is for very high fidelity (like piezo) actuators. Do
not choose a Wave Type if you are not designing for piezo actuators, just
leave it as it is. But if you are designing for piezo actuators, it is best to use
the Sine Wave Type. Sine waves produce strong, yet quiet effects.

Actuator Index – If you are not designing for multi-actuator devices, you will
never have to change this. This option would allow you to trigger effects on
two (or more) actuators at the same time from a single Timeline.


Additional Resources
 Android Developer
website: http://developer.android.com/index.html

 http://www.immersion.com/developers/index.php?op
tion=com_content&view=article&id=505&Itemid=831

 http://www.immersion.com/developers/index.php?op
tion=com_content&view=article&id=503&Itemid=827


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