Implementing adaptation - Options & implementation - training for adaptation
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The document outlines the process of implementing climate adaptation measures, emphasizing that adaptation is an evolutionary response to environmental changes. It distinguishes between effect-oriented and cause-oriented measures, highlighting how both types of adaptations should consider ecological, economic, technological, and social thresholds. The importance of stakeholder involvement and the development of strategies based on evidence is also emphasized for successful adaptation implementation.
![Process Stage 3
Implementing Adaptation: Options & Implementation
Implementing Adaptation Measures
The UK Climate Impacts Programme report ‘Identifying
Adaptation Actions’ (2007) advises that;
‘adaptation measures should be fit for purpose, be
based on a good evidence base, involve all
stakeholders and aim to achieve SMART" [Specific,
Measurable, Achievable, Relevant and Timed]
objectives’.
Climate Adaptation
C. Aall & D. Davies, 2012
Online Training Resource](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/17implementingadaptation-optionsimplementation-trainingforadaptation-120816135035-phpapp01/85/Implementing-adaptation-Options-implementation-training-for-adaptation-7-320.jpg)
Implementing adaptation - Options & implementation - training for adaptation
- 1. Training for Adaptation Implementing Adaptation: Options and Implementation
- 2. Process Stage 3 Implementing Adaptation: Options & Implementation Implementing Adaptation Measures This module outlines how to implement measures and how to incorporate actions into existing projects and strategies Climate Adaptation C. Aall & D. Davies, 2012 Online Training Resource
- 3. Process Stage 3 Implementing Adaptation: Options & Implementation What is adaptation? Adaptation is an evolutionary process. It occurs in physical, ecological, and human systems and addresses many factors and stresses, not simply climate change alone. Adaptation refers both to the process of adapting and to the condition of being adapted (Grothman & Pratt, 2005) and has specific interpretations in particular disciplines. Within ecology, adaptation is the process by which organisms or species becomes better suited to its environment In the social sciences, it refers to adjustments by individuals, or collective behaviour within a system. In the field of climate change and number of definitions are available… Grothmann, T. & Patt, A. (2005) Adaptive capacity and human cognition: the process of individual adaptation to climate change Climate Adaptation C. Aall & D. Davies, 2012 Online Training Resource
- 4. Process Stage 3 Implementing Adaptation: Options & Implementation What is adaptation? IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) defines climate change adaptation as: An adjustment in natural or human systems in response to actual or expected climatic stimuli or their effects, which moderates harm or exploits beneficial opportunities UKCIP 2011 ‘any action taken to minimise the adverse effects or to take advantage of any beneficial effects of climate change’ Climate Adaptation C. Aall & D. Davies, 2012 Online Training Resource
- 5. Process Stage 3 Implementing Adaptation: Options & Implementation What is adaptation? Of course adaptation is nothing new. Societies and individuals have been adapting to changing conditions for millennia and existing natural and human systems are - in their very nature - an adaptive response to spatial differences in climate. Adaptation to climate variability can be seen in social and economic systems such as agriculture, forestry, industry, transportation, settlements etc.These have all evolved to accommodate inherent temporal variates from normal conditions. However, the advent of this new era of climate change brings new challenges that question the inherent adaptability of natural and human systems. Climate Adaptation C. Aall & D. Davies, 2012 Online Training Resource
- 6. Process Stage 3 Implementing Adaptation: Options & Implementation What is adaptation? So when looking at climate change adaptation it is good practice to consider the following: • Changes in social and environmental processes • Perceptions of climate risk • Practices and functions to reduce risk • Exploration of new opportunities to cope with the changed environment To determine adaptation needs, it is crucial to identify and comprehend issues of: • Vulnerability, • Resilience, • Exposure, • Sensitivity, • Capacity to adapt. Climate Adaptation C. Aall & D. Davies, 2012 Online Training Resource
- 7. Process Stage 3 Implementing Adaptation: Options & Implementation Implementing Adaptation Measures The UK Climate Impacts Programme report ‘Identifying Adaptation Actions’ (2007) advises that; ‘adaptation measures should be fit for purpose, be based on a good evidence base, involve all stakeholders and aim to achieve SMART" [Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant and Timed] objectives’. Climate Adaptation C. Aall & D. Davies, 2012 Online Training Resource
- 8. Process Stage 3 Implementing Adaptation: Options & Implementation © 2010 UK Climate Impacts Programme Climate Adaptation C. Aall & D. Davies, 2012 Online Training Resource
- 9. Process Stage 3 Implementing Adaptation: Options & Implementation Implementing Adaptation Effect-oriented: Cause-oriented: (Measures to reduce possible (Measures to reduce society’s negative effects of expected exposure to the effects of climate climate change) change) Technical e.g. constructing avalanche e.g. preventing construction of level protection walls houses in risk-prone areas (technical means) Strategic e.g. making a flood-protection plan e.g. incorporate risk zones related to level expected effects of climate change in (planning) existing land-use plans WNRI/VESTLANDSFORSKING, 2011 Climate Adaptation C. Aall & D. Davies, 2012 Online Training Resource
- 10. Process Stage 3 Implementing Adaptation: Options & Implementation Effect Versus Cause Orientated Measures Effect-oriented adaptation measures: – Measures to reduce possible negative effects of expected climate change (e.g. constructing avalanche protection walls), or trying to exploit possible positive effects (e.g. growing plants adapted to higher average temperatures). Effect- oriented measures are by nature often technical or physical. They are often associated with high economic costs. Cause-oriented adaptation measures: – Measures to reduce society’s exposure to the effects of climate change, and in turn reducing the likelihood that negative effects of climate change occur in the first place (e.g. preventing construction of houses in risk-prone areas). Cause- oriented measures tend to be of a regulatory nature, such as land-use planning. Therefore, these measures often come at a high political (rather than economic) cost. Climate Adaptation C. Aall & D. Davies, 2012 Online Training Resource
- 11. Process Stage 3 Implementing Adaptation: Options & Implementation Technical Versus Strategic Level Measures The strategic level: – Encompasses planning processes such as rehabilitation plans for water and sanitation; the use of land-use plans to plan flood drainage channels and ocean- rise zones; plans for adaptation of culverts; and securing roads, buildings and other infrastructure in relation to various risk zones. The technical level: – Encompasses a choice of climate-proof building materials and resilient technical building solutions; minimum height requirements for new harbours and dimensioning of piers; detailed planning and dimensioning of water and sanitation systems; etc. Climate Adaptation C. Aall & D. Davies, 2012 Online Training Resource
- 12. Process Stage 3 Implementing Adaptation: Options & Implementation Final key points Adaptation cannot avoid all impacts and realistically the following need to be considered in the selection and implementation of adaptation measures • There are ecological and physical thresholds - melting Arctic, coral bleaching etc • There are economic thresholds, - where the costs of adaptation exceed the costs of impacts averted, this is particularly the case in preventing/limiting geo-hazard risks and the building of sea defences • There are technological thresholds, -where available technologies cannot avoid climate impacts • There are social limits, -where groups judge adaptation actions to have failed Climate Adaptation C. Aall & D. Davies, 2012 Online Training Resource