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This document provides information on basic infection prevention practices for healthcare workers. It discusses three levels of infection control: sanitization, disinfection, and sterilization. It outlines proper sanitization methods including collecting, cleaning and drying instruments. Disinfection techniques are described for items that contact intact mucous membranes. The importance of hand hygiene, use of personal protective equipment, and safe handling of needles and sharps waste is emphasized. Transmission-based precautions for droplet infections are also reviewed. The goal is to educate nursing staff on infection control programs to prevent spread of disease.
Infection prevention.phpapp01ppt
- 1. Infection Prevention in Health Care Basic Practices Dr. J.L. RODRIGUEZ NEPHROLOGIST Dr.T.V.Rao MD 1 Infection Prevention in Health Care Basic Practices Dr. J.L. RODRIGUEZ NEPHROLOGIST
- 2. Teaching and Learning Module ONE • The Programme Created for Schedule of training module at Nurses Staff, Oshakati Hospital, as a part of Infection Control Programme organised by Infection Control Committee . 2
- 3. 3 Nurses Role in Infection Control Follow correct sanitization, disinfection and sterilization procedures Help patient understand basic disease prevention Administer immunizations and educate patients about immunizations
- 4. 4 Three Levels of Infection Control Sanitization – cleaning and scrubbing instruments and equipment to remove contaminated materials and microorganisms Disinfection – second level used on instruments and equipments that come in contact with intact mucous membrane Sterilization – complete destruction of all microorganisms- pathogenic, beneficial, and harmless- surface of instrument and equipment
- 5. 5 Sanitization Methods Collecting instruments – place in container with water and neutral pH detergent until you can get to them. Use utility gloves always and mask, eye protection and protective clothing if blood, body fluids or tissue are present
- 6. 6 Sanitization Methods (cont.) Drain disinfectant or detergent solution Rinse each piece under hot running water Scrub each item using hot, soapy water and small plastic brush Pay careful attention to hinges, ratchets and nooks
- 7. Standard Precautions • Apply standard precautions to all patients regardless of their diagnosis, and to all contaminated equipments and materials. • Use judgment in determining which protective barriers are necessary. 7
- 8. 8 Sanitization Methods (cont.) Rinse instruments individually and place each one on a clean towel. Roll all instruments in the towel to remove moisture Place instruments either in trays or bins for storage or wrap for sterilization
- 9. 9 Disinfection Wear gloves when handling instruments. Disinfection solution must cover every surface. Used if instrument does not penetrate a patient’s skin or mucous membranes Enamelware Endotracheal tubes Glassware Laryngoscopes and nasal specula Dr.T.V.Rao MD
- 10. Standard Precautions 1. Hands Hygiene 2. Use Personal protective equipment's (PPE) • Gloves • Gowns • Masks • Eye protection • Face Shields 10
- 11. Discard needles and other sharps in .Discard needles and other sharps in the sharp containers which are located as close as possible to the area of use. Don't recap needles, If any ,use the Scoop method (one hand method). Dr.T.V.Rao MD 11
- 12. USING “ SCOOP METHOD’’ 12
- 13. Never Recap Needle You are Likely to Injure 13
- 14. Sharps containers • Should be easily accessible • At or below the level of the eyes • Kept away from the pathways • Not to be kept on the grounds. • Should Not be overfilled more than 3/4 full. • Never to be shake to get more space 14
- 15. CLEANING SPILLS (e.g. Blood & body fluids) • Wear gloves and other PPE • Absorb: Wipe up the spill with an absorbent towel.Clean with detergent. • Apply disinfectant to the contaminated area using sodium hypochlorite( Clorox 1: 10= 1 volume+9 water volumes) contact time 5-10min. • Absorb Clorox and wash with water. 15
- 16. Hand Hygiene •Alcohol-based Hand Rub •Use of gloves does NOT replace hand washing. •Gloves must be changed in- between patients. 16
- 17. HAND WASHING • When to wash your hands : • If hands are visibly dirty . • Soiled hands with blood or body fluids. • After contact with: blood ,body fluids, secretions or mucus membranes. 17
- 18. When to wash your hands? • After contact with intact or non- intact skin. • After handling items potentially contaminated (equipments) • In-between patients . • After removing gloves. • After using bathroom. 18
- 19. When to wash hands • Before direct contact with patient. • Before donning (sterile) gloves. • Before preparing or handling medications. • Before handling clean dressing. 19
- 20. When to use alcohol-based hand rub • If hands are NOT visibly soiled alcohol rub could be used instead of hand washing. • If hand are visibly soiled (contaminated) ,they should be washed first. 20
- 21. PPE: Personal Protective Equipment's: • Gloves donning & removal • Other PPE donning &removal • Donning & removal of N95 mask 21
- 22. Transmission-Based Precautions • Used in addition to Standard Precautions for Specified Patients • Designed for the Care of Patients known or suspected to be infected by epidemiologically important pathogens spread by: airborne, droplet, or contact transmission. 22
- 23. Droplet Precautions • For infectious agents with droplet nuclei > 5 microns, through cough or sneezing: • Examples: –Pertussis –Influenza. –Meningococcus meningitis. • Precaution Details: –Private room –Surgical Mask if within 1 meter of patient. 23
- 24. For effective segregation of waste, provision of different types of waste containers in all clinical areas, is necessary. 24
- 25. Dr.T.V.Rao MD 25
- 26. Never Forget Simple Washing Saves Many Lives 26
- 27. CENTRAL VENOUS CATHETER Dr.T.V.Rao MD 27
- 29. Dialysis Peritoneal Pediatric Dr.T.V.Rao MD 29
- 31. Dr.T.V.Rao MD 31 This is a life saved in Ward 8 of the Oshakati Hospital. Augost 2013
- 32. Dr.T.V.Rao MD 32 Often what appears to be, in the end it is not.
- 33. Programme Created by Dr.J.L. Rodriguez Nephrologist for Benefit of Nursing Staff in Health Care. Oshakati Hospital. Web: http://medicablogs.diariomedico.com/jlrodriguez/ • Email • jlrodriguez5106@yahoo.es 33