Insect classification lab16
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This lab document provides an overview of the paleopteran insect order Odonata (damselflies and dragonflies). It describes the key characteristics and adaptations of Odonata, including their large eyes, strong chewing mouthparts, long legs adapted for catching prey. It divides Odonata into two suborders: Anisoptera (dragonflies) and Zygoptera (damselflies), noting structural differences like wing shape. Diagrams are included of dragonfly and damselfly larvae. References for further information are listed at the end.
Insect classification lab16
- 1. University of Sulaimania School of Science Department of Biology 2nd Class Year 16th Lab. Pterygotes-Paleopteran Insects: Order Odonata Lecturer: Farhad A. Khudhur
- 2. Objectives: •This lab. Provides familiarities with Paleopteran insects Damselflies and Dragonflies. • Students will study old winged insect order, Odonata, in detail. Scientific content: -Order: Odonata (Damselflies and Dragonflies) - Suborder: Anisoptera - Suborder: Zygoptera
- 3. Order: Odonata • Odonata are paleopterous, exopterygote aquatic insects, related to the Ephemeroptera Dragonfly adults are predaceous, relatively long-lived insects. • Their large compound eyes, strong chewing mouthparts, long legs, and unparalleled flight capabilities are ideal adaptations for catching and consuming insect prey. • The larvae are aquatic and are usually much longer lived.
- 4. • The order Odonata is characterized by - chewing mouthparts, - large compound eyes, three ocelli, - small setaceous antennae, - a small prothorax, - the meso- and metathoracic segments fused into a large pterothorax, - long legs with three-segmented tarsi, - two pairs of elongate wings, - elongate abdomen, - accessory male genitalia including the intromittent organ on the venter of the second abdominal segment.
- 5. Suborder Zygoptera (Damselflies) • Damselflies are characterized by the following structural features: - fore and hind wings almost identical in shape and venation, - wing holding is vertically upward at rest, - eyes far apart, and - larvae with three (rarely two) caudal lamellae (Caudal Gills).
- 6. Suborder Anisoptera (Dragonflies) • Dragonflies are characterized by the following structural features: - fore and hind wings dissimilar in shape and venation, - wing holding is horizontally outspread at rest, - eyes adjacent or nearly so; and - larvae stout and without caudal lamellae,
- 10. References: •David, B. V. and Ananthakrishnan, T. N. (2004). General and Applied Entomology. 2nd ed. Tata McGraw-hill Publishing Co. Ltd. New Delhi. India. 1184 p. •Elzinga, Richard J. (1997). Fundamentals of Entomology. 4th ed. New Jersey, Prentice-Hall, Inc. 475 pp. •Gillot, Cedric. (2005). Entomology. 3rd ed. Springer, Dordrecht. The Netherlands. 831 pp. •Grzimek’s Animal Life Encyclopedia, 2nd edition. Volume 3, Insects, edited by Michael Hutchins, Arthur V. Evans, Rosser W. Garrison, •Resh, Vincent H. & Cardé, Ring T. (2003). Encyclopedia of Insects. USA. Academic Press, Elsevier Science, 1266 pp.