Internet and personal privacy
- 1. Computer Security Vulnerabilities and Solutions. By Roshan Kumar Bhattarai
- 2. Table of contents: • Introduction • Understanding Hacking. • Types of Hackers. • Vulnerabilities: Viruses and other threats. • Solutions for day-to-day life. • Conclusions.
- 3. Introduction to Internet • What is Internet? • The Internet is the global system of interconnected computer networks that use the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to link billions of devices worldwide. • It is a network of networks that consists of millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks of local to global scope, linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless, and optical networking technologies. • The Internet carries an extensive range of information resources and services, such as mobile apps including social media apps, the inter-linked hypertext documents and applications of the World Wide Web (WWW), electronic mail, multiplayer online games, telephony, and peer-to- peer networks for file sharing.
- 4. Hackers, Crackers and Ethical Hackers What is Hacking? The act of accessing systems without authorization is hacking. In other words breaching into others’ system without having the required credentials. Hacking is about entering a system without Username and Passwords. • Hacker is the person who is involved in the act of hacking. What is cracking? The act of destroying a system after hacking is called cracking. • Cracker is the person who is involved in the act of Cracking. What is Ethical Hacking? The act of hacking a system with prior permission from the owner to check the weakness of a system is called Ethical Hacking. Ethical Hacker or Cyber Security Expert is the person who is involved in the act of Ethical Hacking.
- 5. Three categories of hackers: • White hat hackers: A white hat hacker is a computer security specialist who breaks into protected systems and networks to test and asses their security. White hat hackers use their skills to improve security by exposing vulnerabilities before malicious hackers (known as black hat hackers) can detect and exploit them. • Black hat hackers: A black hat hacker is an individual with extensive computer knowledge whose purpose is to breach or bypass internet security. Black hat hackers are also known as crackers or dark-side hackers. • Grey hat hackers: The term "grey hat" or "gray hat" in Internet slang refers to a computer hacker or computer security expert whose ethical standards fall somewhere between purely altruistic and purely malicious. They are devoted to help the people but doing wrong things like hacking government websites. They are concerned about the society.
- 6. Vulnerabilities: • What is Computer Virus? • A computer virus is a program or piece of code that is loaded onto your computer without your knowledge and runs against your wishes. Viruses can also replicate themselves. • A computer virus might corrupt or delete data on your computer, use your email program to spread itself to other computers, or even erase everything on your hard disk. Computer viruses are often spread by attachments in email messages or instant messaging messages and spread themselves with the help of flash drives inserted into the infected computers.
- 7. Types of Computer Viruses: • Worms: A computer worm is a standalone malware computer program that replicates itself in order to spread to other computers. • Trojan Horse: A Trojan horse, often shortened to Trojan, is a type of malware designed to provide unauthorized, remote access to a user's computer.
- 8. Phising Attack • Phishing is the attempt to acquire sensitive information such as usernames, passwords, and credit card details (and sometimes, indirectly, money), often for malicious reasons, by masquerading as a trustworthy entity in an electronic communication. • Usually hackers make fake login pages and send them to the users as links through email. The credentials are sent to the attacker when the user tries to log in to the page.
- 9. DoS Attacks: Denial Of Service • In computing, a denial-of-service (DoS) attack is an attempt to make a machine or network resource unavailable to its intended users, such as to temporarily or indefinitely interrupt or suspend services of a host connected to the Internet.
- 10. Common Solutions: • Anti-Viruses: The programs designed to detect and destroy computer viruses. • Allow firewall to protect your system. • Do not authorize unknown apps in social media. • Do not open social media/banking sites from external links. Always type the address in the browser. • Scan flash devices using anti-virus. • Do not disclose your personal information to strangers in social media. • Do not connect to unknown Wi-Fi and other networks. When not in use turn off Bluetooth and Wi-Fi adapter. • Before you download any apps make sure it has the encryptions which will protect your privacy. • Learn more about Computer and internet security it is no more limited to techies.
- 11. Demonstrations
- 12. Thank you! Login to www.roshankumarbhattarai.com for any help.