Internet of things case studies of edge computing
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This document contains a presentation by Richard Kang on edge computing case studies. It discusses Richard's professional experience, provides an overview of IoT architecture with cloud, communication, and edge layers. It then examines the role of edge computing and provides examples of edge computing applications in various industries like automobiles, agriculture, manufacturing, smart homes and cities. It also compares various wireless communication technologies and LPWAN standards.
Internet of things case studies of edge computing
- 1. Richard.Kang@hv.io ยฉ 2021 Internet Of Things Case Studies of Edge Computing presented by Richard Kang Richard.Kang@hv.io https://www.linkedin.com/in/kangks/ prepared for 08 April 2021
- 2. Richard.Kang@hv.io ยฉ 2021 My professional experience - Principal Cloud Engineer with Versent Singapore, an AWS Premier Partner - Senior IoT Specialist Solution Architect with Amazon Web Services (AWS)
- 3. Richard.Kang@hv.io ยฉ 2021 Architecture of an IoT application 1. Cloud layers a. To leverage the elasticity of compute and storage for big data analytics and long history data recording b. For interoperability between business partners 2. Communication layers a. Connectivity between edge devices to devices, and between edge devices and the cloud b. Design considerations including bandwidth requirements, power consumptions, distance between points of communications 3. Edge layers a. Devices to be proximity to the source of events such as temperature, or target of actions such as an actuator b. Design considerations including real-time operating system, devices security and unique identifier, physical size, power consumptions, low operation overhead etc.
- 4. Richard.Kang@hv.io ยฉ 2021 Role of Edge Computing - Leveraging cloud services for remote monitoring and field devices management, such as over-the-air updates - Local control plane to reduce round trip latency to and from the cloud - Data sovereignty restrictions that requires data to be kept within premises, such as health records and financial records - Cost optimization to keep large historian data on- premise and sends only aggregated data to the cloud
- 5. Richard.Kang@hv.io ยฉ 2021 Edge computing in the automobile industry - Fleet management for best route analysis - Mining companies uses the vibration sensors on the truck to avoid broken road to reduce service call of the trucks - Design considerations - Sub-urban or rural areas such as mining field has sporadic connectivity requires offline on-board storage, and re-sync when system back online or end of day upload to cloud - Proprietary protocols such as CANBUS commonly used in automobiles, requires gateway to convert the protocol and for connectivity purposes
- 6. Richard.Kang@hv.io ยฉ 2021 Precision farming in Agriculture Industry - Sensors deployed in large farm land to measure the key metrics such as temperature, soil dampness, or visual sensors to capture images of the plants for health analysis - Design considerations - Large area of farm land: Typical winery in British Columbia is 30 acres, or 22 football field. Connectivity could range from cellular NB-IOT or LTE-M, to LoraWan - Battery life: If IoT devices are running on battery, an average battery life of 6-month to 18-month are required to reduce the operation overhead having for frequent replacement. Battery life span is a typically included in telemetrics sent to the cloud for monitoring. https://semios.com/ipm/
- 7. Richard.Kang@hv.io ยฉ 2021 Edge computing for smart home - Security Camera with local machine learning inference on fall detection - Design considerations - Privacy, requires obfuscation of trusted person, but show the face of intruder - Interoperability among Heterogeneous Systems. Common protocols such as Z-wave, Zigbee, to BLE and TCP/IP, needs to be able to interoperable to improve customer experience - Frictionless onboarding experience. Majority of smart Home end users are not technical savvy, therefore requires ease of onboarding. https://www.altumview.com/
- 8. Richard.Kang@hv.io ยฉ 2021 Edge computing in manufacturing - Challenges - Electromagnetic interference from the machinery, requires wired connection - Proprietary protocols such as MODBUS and OPC- UA, and gateway between protocols into common IoT protocols such as MQTT - Large historian data on-premise requires large network bandwidth to send to cloud - Example use case - Predictive maintenance on the factory plant using machine learning at the edge (ML@Edge) - Historian data analytics on-premise https://blog.cloudrail.com/vibration-predictive-maintenance/
- 9. Richard.Kang@hv.io ยฉ 2021 Edge Computing in Smart Cities Challenges - Private-Public partnerships, require open standard, open protocol, and open data architecture with strict data governance; - Metropolitan area network, requires wide area communications (>10km); - Large quantities of deployment over large area, therefore requires long battery life to reduce manpower operation overhead (>10 years operation period) https://www.linkeit.com/blog/smart-city-and-aws
- 10. Richard.Kang@hv.io ยฉ 2021 Wireless communications Data rate (kilo-bits per seconds) Range (km) 1 100 1,000 100,000 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 RFID BLE WiFi a/b/g/n/ac WAN/Cellular 5G 4G/LTE 3G Licensed LPWAN LTE-M (~1.4M) NB-IoT (~200K) Unlicensed LPWAN LoRA Sigfox Zigbee Satellite 100 NFC WiFi 802.11ah (HaLow)
- 11. Richard.Kang@hv.io ยฉ 2021 LPWAN - LoRa, NB-IOT, HaLow Parameters LoRa NB-IoT WiFi HaLow Standard/Governance LoRa Alliance 3GPP IEEE Frequency Band 863~868 MHz (Europe) 902 ~ 929 MHz (Canada/US) 775 ~ 787 MHz (China 700~900MHz 850 MHz (Europe) 900 MHz (US) 700 MHz (China) Typical Range 2 to 10 km 2 to 10 km ~ 20km Typical data rate 0.3 ~ 50kbps 200kbps Up to 18Mpbs Connectivity cost per device <US$1 >US$5 US$1 ~ US$3 Device power consumption Low-Medium Low Medium
- 13. Richard.Kang@hv.io ยฉ 2021 Useful links - ASEAN Smart Cities https://pages.awscloud.com/intc- city_innovationforlife_ASEAN.html
Editor's Notes
- #11: References: https://iot-analytics.com/our-coverage/iot-connectivity-hardware/