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Internet, SNS,
& Community
Young-Min Yun
(Professor, Dept. of
Information Sociology,
Hanyang University, ERICA
campus)
Content
1.   Small town of the Internet
2.   Homo Dialogicus
3.   Narcissism
4.   Gift economy
5.   Dramatic performance
6.   Crowd
7.   Coffee house โ€“ public sphere
8.   The Third Place
9.   Conclusion
1. Small town of the Internet
 โ€œToday, no matter where you live in the world, you
 also live in the small town of the Internet (C.C.
 Chapman, co-author of Content Rules).โ€
โ€žGlobal villageโ€Ÿ vs. small town
Marshall McLuhan
  (Global Village: 97)
โ€œWhat may emerge as the most important insight of
the twenty-first century is that man was not
designed to live at the speed of lightโ€ฆ.In the
Western world we are heading for an inrush of
social aims and structures... The group mind will
predominate and make us so sensitive to other
people's needs and wants that whole regions will be
exhausted by the demand of adjustment.โ€
Implications
๏‚› ์ „๊ทผ๋Œ€์ ์ธ   ๊ด€๊ณ„(์ „๊ทผ๋Œ€์  ๊ณต๋™์ฒด): ๋น„ํšจ์œจ์ 
  + ์ธ๊ฒฉ์ 
๏‚› ๊ทผ๋Œ€์  ๊ด€๊ณ„(๋น„๊ณต๋™์ฒด):์‚ฌ๋ฌด์ (buisnesslike)
  ์ ‘๊ทผ(ํšจ์œจ์  + ๋น„์ธ๊ฒฉ์  impersonal)
๏‚› ํƒˆ๊ทผ๋Œ€์  ๊ด€๊ณ„(ํƒˆ๊ทผ๋Œ€์  ๊ณต๋™์ฒด): ํšจ์œจ์ ์ด๋ฉด
  ์„œ ์ธ๊ฒฉ์ (efficient + personal) ์ ‘๊ทผ์ด ๊ธฐ๋Œ€
  ๋จ
๏‚› ๊ฐ์ •๋…ธ๋™์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋จ
๏‚› ๊ฐœ์ธ์€ ํ™˜์ƒ, ์ง‘๋‹จ(groups)์ด ํ˜„์‹ค
2. Homo Dialogicus
โ€œDialogue becomes the goal in itself, the central
purpose of human life (Sidorkin, 1996: 9).โ€
Dialogism (Holquist, 1990)
Mikhail Bakhtin (1984: 252)
โ€œIt is fully understandable that at the center of
Dostoevsky's artistic world must lie dialogue, and
dialogue not as a means but as an end in itself.
Dialogue here is not the threshold to action, it is the
action in itself. It is not a means of revealing, for
bringing to the surface the already ready-made
character of a person; no, in dialogue a person not
only shows himself outwardly, but he becomes for the
first time that which he is--and, we repeat, not only
for others but for himself as well. To be means to
communicate dialogically. When dialogue ends,
everything ends. Thus dialogue, by its very essence,
cannot and must not come to an end.โ€
Implications
๏‚› SNS ํฌ์ŠคํŒ…์€ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ง์„ ๊ฑธ๊ณ  ํ™”์ œ๋ฅผ ๋˜์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ
๏‚› ๋Œ€ํ™”(dialolgue)๋Š” ๋ฐœํ™”(utterance)์™€ ๊ฒฝ์ฒญ(listening)
  ์ด ๊ท ํ˜•์„ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์•ผ
๏‚› ๋งˆ์Œ ์†์— ๋Œ€ํ™”์˜ ์ƒ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ผ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋Œ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์ƒ
๏‚› Target audience๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ personal profile์„ ์—ผ๋‘
  ์— ๋‘์–ด์•ผ
๏‚› ํ—ˆ๊ณต์„ ํ–ฅํ•ด ๋ฐœ์–ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋…๋ฐฑ(monologue)์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ
  ์›Œ
3. Narcissism
โ€œNarcissism, as a side effect of acoustic space, is,
beside AIDS, the fastest developing social disease of
the peoples of the West (McLuhan, 1989: 100).โ€
A new type of Narcissist?
McLuhan (Global Vilage, 1989)
๏‚›   ์ „์ž์  ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ์™ธ๋ถ€์— ์ž์‹ ์„ ์žฌํ˜„
    (represent). ์žฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘.
๏‚›   ์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ์ž์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ 
    ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฌ๋””์ง€ ๋ชปํ•จ. ์ „์ž์  ๋งค์ฒด๋Š” ๋งˆ์น˜ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ
    ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ์ž์‹ ์„ ์žฌํ˜„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์คŒ. ๏ƒ  ํ˜„๋Œ€์  ์˜๋ฏธ
    ์˜ ๋‚˜๋ฅด์‹œ์‹œ์ฆ˜.
๏‚›   ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ๋น›์˜ ์†๋„๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ๋งˆ
    ์น˜ jet-setter๊ฐ™์Œ. ์ œํŠธ์…‹ํ„ฐ๋Š” ์–ด๋А ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ์—๋„
    ์†ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ž๊ธฐ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์—ด์ค‘.
Implications
๏‚› ์ž๊ธฐ๋„์ทจ์    ์„ฑํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” SNS ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋“ค์ด ์ ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค.
๏‚› ํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ถ์€ ์ž๊ธฐ ํ™๋ณด(self-promotion)์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด
  ์ค€๋‹ค.
๏‚› ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์ž๊ธฐ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฃผ์ธ๊ณต์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํ™˜์ƒ์ด ์กด์žฌ.
  ๋งค์Šค ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ nobody๊ฐ€ SNS ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜
  somebody ๏ƒ  ์กด์ค‘ํ•ด์•ผ
๏‚› ๋‚จ์—๊ฒŒ ์ธ์ •๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์š•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ฅด์‹œ์‹œ์ฆ˜์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ
  ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋‹ค์†Œ ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ.
(continued)
๏‚›   ๊ฐœ์ธ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ธฐ์—…, ๋‹จ์ฒด, ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ๋‚˜๋ฅด์‹œ์‹œ์ฆ˜์ด ์‹ฌํ•˜๋‹ค
๏‚›   ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ž์ฃผ ์˜ฌ๋ผ์˜ค๋Š” โ€ž์…€์นดโ€Ÿ๋ฅผ ์ฐธ์•„์ฃผ๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“ค๋“ฏ์ด ์ž๊ธฐ์ž๋ž‘๋งŒ ๋งŽ
    ์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์—…์€ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘๋ฐ›๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค. ์ ˆ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.
๏‚›   ํ™๋ณด์  ์†Œ์‹์€ ๋Œ€์ค‘๋งค์ฒด์™€ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ SNS์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฅด์‹œ์‹œ์ฆ˜์œผ๋กœ ์ธ
    ์‹๋œ๋‹ค. ์ Š์€์ด๋“ค ํ‘œํ˜„์œผ๋กœ โ€ž์ž๋ป‘โ€Ÿ. SNS ํฌ์ŠคํŒ…์€ ๊ฐ๊ด€์  ๋ณด๋„
    ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์šด๋ช…์ด๋‹ค.
๏‚›   SNS๋Š” ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ่€…์ผ์ˆ˜๋ก ๊ฒธ์†์ด ๋ฏธ๋•์ธ ์„ธ๊ณ„
4. Gift Economy
โ€œZuckberg says Facbook and other forces on the
Internet now create sufficient transparency for gift
economies to operate at a large scale (Kirkpatrick,
2010).โ€
Potlatch, a gift economy
Gift (Marcel Mauss, 1950)
๏‚› ์„ ๋ฌผ๊ฒฝ์ œ์˜    ์š”์ฒด๋Š” ์ฆ์—ฌ์™€ ๋‹ต๋ก€. ์ฆ์—ฌ, ์ˆ˜๋ น, ๋‹ต
  ๋ก€๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์˜๋ฌด.
๏‚› ํฌํ‹€๋ž˜์น˜
๏‚› ๋‰ดํŠผ ์ด๋ž˜ ํ•™๋ฌธ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์˜ ์ง€์‹ ๊ณต์œ  ์ „ํ†ต
๏‚› Open-source software
๏‚› ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ์ง‘๋‹จ์ง€์„ฑ: ์œ„ํ‚คํ”ผ๋””์•„
๏‚› ๋ธ”๋กœ๊ทธ
๏‚› Facebook์—์„œ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ™”
Implications
๏‚› ์ข‹์€   ์„ ๋ฌผ์€ (1) ์ƒ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์—ด๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, (2) ์ฃผ๋Š”
  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์ด ๋‹ด๊ธด ๊ฒƒ, (3) ์ƒ๋Œ€์—๊ฒŒ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ,
  (4) ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜์˜ ์˜๋„๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ
๏‚› ํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ถ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์  ์„ฑ๊ณต์€ ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ƒํ’ˆ๊ต
  ํ™˜์  ๊ด€๊ณ„๋กœ๋งŒ ์œ ์ง€๋  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Œ์„ ๋ฐ˜์ฆ
๏‚› ์„ ๋ฌผ๊ฒฝ์ œ์˜ ์›์น™์„ ์ž˜ ๋”ฐ๋ฅผ์ˆ˜๋ก ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋„, ํฌ
  ์ŠคํŒ…๋„, ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋„ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’๋‹ค
(continued)
๏‚› SNS์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ด€๊ณ„์—
  ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์†Œ๋ง์„ ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜๋ผ
๏‚› ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋‰ด์Šคํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฅผ ๊ด‘๊ณ ์™€ ํ™๋ณด์  ํฌ์ŠคํŒ…์œผ๋กœ
  ์ฑ„์šฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ?
๏‚› ๋งˆ์ผ€ํŒ…์  ํฌ์ŠคํŒ…์„ ์ž์ œํ•˜๋ผ. ์ตœ๋Œ€10%๋ฅผ ๋„˜์ง€
  ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์ง(Oliver Blanchard, Social
  Media ROI).
5. Dramatic performance
โ€œI assume that when an individual appears before
others he will have many motives for trying to
control the impression they receive of the situation
(Goffman, 1959: 15).โ€
The Presentation of Self in
Everyday Life (Goffman, 1959)
๏‚› ์—ฐ๊ทน๊ณต์—ฐ์€  ์ง‘๋‹จ์  ํ–‰์œ„
๏‚› ์ƒํ™ฉ ์ •์˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋™
๏‚› ๋Œ€ํ™” ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฌต์‹œ์  ํ•ฉ์˜๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌ
๏‚› ๋Œ€ํ™”์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณต๊ฐ์ด ํ•„์š”
๏‚› ์ฐธ์—ฌ์ž ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต์—ฐ
๏‚› ์ฐธ์—ฌ์ž์˜ ํ•ด์„์„ ์ค‘์‹œํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ์‚ฌํšŒ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ œ
  ์•ฝ์„ ์ธ์ •
๏‚› ๋ฌด๋Œ€ ์ „๋ฉด, ํ›„๋ฉด, ๊ทน์  ๊ฐ์ƒ‰, ์ด์ƒํ™”, ์˜ค์ „(่ชคๅ‚ณ),
  ์‹ ๋น„ํ™”, ์ธ์ƒ๊ด€๋ฆฌ
โ€œYou look so Much Cuter on
my Computer.โ€
Implications
๏‚› ์—ฐ๊ทน  ๊ณต์—ฐ๋ก ์˜ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ์žฅ์ ์€ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋ฉ‹์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํฌ
  ์žฅํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์„ฑํ–ฅ๋ณด๋‹ค ์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋™
  ์„ ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์„ฑํ–ฅ์„ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด์ค€๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ด๋‹ค
๏‚› SNS๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋”์šฑ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•ด์คŒ
๏‚› โ€œ๊ณต๊ฐ์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€โ€ : Jeremy Rifkin
๏‚› SNS ํ–‰๋™์€ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์˜์กด์ . ํฌ์ŠคํŒ…๊ณผ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์€ ๋งฅ๋ฝ
  ์„ ๋– ๋‚˜์„œ ์ดํ•ด๋  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Œ ๏ƒ  big data
  analysis์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•จ
6. Crowd
โ€œโ€ฆ.the crowd is always intellectually inferior to the
isolated individual, but that, from the point of view of
feelings and of the acts these feelings provoke, the
crowd may, according to circumstances, be better or
worse than the individual (Le Bon, 1960: 33).โ€
Crowd (Le Bon, 1895)
๏‚› ๊ตฐ์ค‘์€  ์ง‘๋‹จ์ •์‹ (collective mind)์„ ๊ฐ€์ง
๏‚› ๊ทธ ์ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฉด, ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ตœ๋ฉด์ƒํƒœ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ
๏‚› ํ‰์†Œ์˜ ์ง€๋Šฅ, ํŒ๋‹จ๋ ฅ, ํ’ˆ์œ„, ๊ฐœ์„ฑ์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ƒ์‹ค
๏‚› ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์˜์ง€๋Œ€๋กœ ์›€์ง์ด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ์ž๋™์ธํ˜•
๏‚› ์˜ค์ง ์ง€๋„์ž์˜ ๋ช…๋ น์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์›€์ง์ž„
๏‚› ์‹คํŒจ, ํ† ๋ก ์€ ์ง€๋„์ž์˜ ์œ„์—„์„ ์†์ƒ ์‹œํ‚ด
Are SNS users zombie crowd?
Implications
๏‚› ์ผ๋ถ€  ๊ณต๊ฐ„, ํŠนํžˆ ์ต๋ช…์  ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ ๊ตฐ์ค‘์  ํŠน์ง•
  ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚จ
๏‚› SNS์˜ ๋ฉฑํ•จ์ˆ˜ ๋ถ„ํฌ๋Š” ์ง€๋„์ž-๊ตฐ์ค‘์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„
  ๋‹˜ โ€“ ์ˆ˜์ง์  ์†Œํ†ต ๏ƒ  ์ˆ˜ํ‰์  ์†Œํ†ต(์ผ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๏ƒ  ์Œ
  ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์ด ์•„๋‹˜) โ€“ ํ† ๋ก ์˜ ํž˜
๏‚› SNS์—๋Š” ํ™œ๋™์ ์ธ ์†Œ์ˆ˜์™€ ์†Œ๊ทน์ ์ธ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ
  ์„ ๋ฟ.
๏‚› SNS์—์„œ๋Š” ์†Œ๊ทน์  ๋‹ค์ˆ˜๋ผ๋„ ์ž๋ฐœ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’๋‹ค.
  โ€ž์—ฌ๋ก  ์ง€๋„์žโ€Ÿ์— ํœ˜๋‘˜๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
7. Coffee house โ€“ ๊ณต๋ก ์žฅ
โ€œ18์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ฒ˜์Œ 10๋…„๊ฐ„์— ์ด๋ฏธ ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์—๋Š” 3์ฒœ ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋„˜๋Š” ์ปค
ํ”ผํ•˜์šฐ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋Š”๋ฐโ€ฆ.์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์„œ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ๊ณผ ๋ฌธํ•™์ž‘ํ’ˆ
์—์„œ ๋ฐœํ™”๋œ ๋…ผ์˜๋Š” ๊ณง ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋…ผ์Ÿ๊ณผ ์ •์น˜๋…ผ์Ÿ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์žฅ๋œ
๋‹ค(ํ•˜๋ฒ„๋งˆ์Šค, 1962/2001: 102-103).โ€
<๊ณต๋ก ์žฅ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ณ€๋™>(Habermas,
1962)
๏‚› ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์˜  ์ฃผ์š” ๋„์‹œ์—๋Š” 18์„ธ๊ธฐ ํ›„๋ฐ˜ ์ปคํ”ผํ•˜์šฐ์Šค,
  ์‚ด๋กฑ, ๋…์„œํšŒ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต๋ก ์žฅ์ด ๋“ฑ์žฅ
๏‚› ํ‰๋“ฑํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ™”, ์ฃผ์ œ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ, ๋น„ํ์‡„์„ฑ
๏‚› 18์„ธ๊ธฐ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์—์„œ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ์— ๊ฒฌ์ธ์ฐจ ์—ญํ• 
๏‚› ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ž๋ณธ์ฃผ์˜์—์„œ ๋…์ ์ž๋ณธ์ฃผ์˜๋กœ ์ดํ–‰, ์ƒ์—…
  ์  ๋Œ€์ค‘์–ธ๋ก  ๋“ฑ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต๋ก ์žฅ์ด ์‡ ํ‡ด
Are Social Media reborn
coffeehouse?
โ€ž๋‰ด์Šค์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜โ€Ÿ(Economist, 7/7/2011)
 ๏‚› ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์ด  ๋‰ด์Šค์‚ฐ์—…์„ ๋งค์Šค๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ์ด์ „์˜ โ€ž๋Œ€ํ™”
   ๋ฌธํ™”โ€Ÿ๋กœ ๋Œ๋ ค๋†“๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ
 ๏‚› ๋…์ž์™€ ์‹œ์ฒญ์ž๋Š” ์‹ ๋ฌธ๊ณผ TV๋‰ด์Šค ํฌ๊ธฐ, ์Šค์Šค๋กœ
   ๋ถˆ๋กœ๊ทธ๋‚˜ SNS์— ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ† ๋ก ,
   ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๊ณต์œ 
 ๏‚› ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฉ”์ด์ปค๋“ค๋„ ๋Œ€์ค‘์–ธ๋ก ์„ ์šฐํšŒ, ์ง์ ‘ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท
   ์— ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์˜ฌ๋ฆผ
โ€œNetworked public sphereโ€
๏‚› Yochai
      Benkler (2006)
๏‚› ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ๋•๋ถ„์— ์ •๋ณด์ƒ์‚ฐ๋น„์šฉ์˜ ํš๊ธฐ์  ๊ฐ์†Œ
๏‚› ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ์ •๋ณด์ƒ์‚ฐ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ
๏‚› ๊ณต๋ก ์žฅ์ด ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋˜๊ณ , ๋น„ํŒ์ , ์„ฑ์ฐฐ์  ๋ฌธํ™” ์ถœ
  ํ˜„
๏‚› ๊ณต์œ ์ง€ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ๋™๋ฃŒ์ƒ์‚ฐ ์ถœํ˜„: ๋ฆฌ๋ˆ…์Šค, ์œ„ํ‚คํ”ผ
  ๋ฆฌ์•„
Implications
๏‚›   ์‚ฌํšŒ ์ฐธ์—ฌ ์ฆ๋Œ€(โ€ž์ธ์ง€์  ์ž‰์—ฌโ€Ÿ๋ก ), ์ •์น˜ ์ฐธ์—ฌ ์ฆ๋Œ€
    (๋ฐœํ™”์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€) โ€“ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์  ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜
๏‚›   ๋Œ€์˜๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜, ํ–‰์ •์  ์ง‘ํ–‰๋ ฅ์˜ ์œ„๊ธฐ ๏ƒ  ์ •์น˜์  ๋ถˆ
    ํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ ์ฆ๋Œ€
๏‚›   ์†Œ์…œ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด, SNS์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ ๊ฐ•ํ™”, ๋Œ€์ค‘๋งค์ฒด์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ
    ๋ ฅ ์•ฝํ™” ๏ƒ  ์ข…๋ž˜์˜ โ€žํ™๋ณดโ€Ÿ๋กœ๋Š” ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค. ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€
    ๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด๊ณ , ๋งค์ฒด, ์ฑ„๋„๋„ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•จ.
๏‚›   ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์œ„๊ธฐ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•ด์•ผ
๏‚›   Brand communication์—์„œ ์ง„์ •์„ฑ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ด์ง
8. The Third Place
"...daily life, in order to be relaxed and fulfilling, must find its
balance in three realms of experience. One is domestic, a
second is gainful or productive, and the third is inclusively
sociable, offering both the basis of community and the
celebration of it (Oldenburg, 1999: 14).โ€
The Great Good Place
(Oldenburg, 1999)
๏‚› ์ผํ„ฐ๋„   ๊ฐ€์ •๋„ ์•„๋‹Œ โ€ž์ œ3์˜ ์žฅ์†Œโ€Ÿ์ธ ์นดํŽ˜, ์ปคํ”ผ
  ์ˆ, ์„ ์ˆ ์ง‘, ์ฑ…๋ฐฉ, ์ด๋ฐœ์†Œ, ๋ฏธ์žฅ์› ๋“ฑ
๏‚› โ€ž๋น„๊ณต์‹์  ๊ณต์  ์ƒํ™œ(informal public life)โ€Ÿ
๏‚› Hang out (์–ด์Šฌ๋ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”) ๊ณณ์ด ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ ธ
  ๊ฐ
๏‚› ์ด์›ƒ์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ๋กœ ํ†ตํ•ฉ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์—ญํ• 
๏‚› ๋™๋„ค ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ๊ฐ€ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌด๋Œ€
Is SNS the new
third place?
Implications
๏‚› ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ   ์ ‘๊ทผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„ํŒ์  ๊ด€์  ์ œ๊ณต
๏‚› ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ง์ด ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค
๏‚› ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ํ˜น์€ ์–ธ์–ด๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์˜
  ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ์ž์ฒด๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋…, ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ •์ฒด
  ์„ฑ ํ˜น์€ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ทœ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋ช…
๏‚› ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ๋ฅผ ์ „์ œํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ํ•ด๋…
๏‚› 2010๋…„ 2์›” ๊ตฌ๊ธ€์€ 6์–ต2์ฒœ๋งŒ๊ฐœ์˜ ํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ถ ๊ทธ
  ๋ฃน์„ ์ƒ‰์ธ, ๋‹น์‹œ ํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ถ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋Š” 5์–ต๋ช….
๏‚› ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ ์ง€ํ–ฅ์„ฑ์€ ์•ฝํ™”๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
9. Conclusion
Tranformation of Intimacy โ€“ Anthony Giddens (1993)
โ€œDemand for Pure Relationshipโ€
๏‚›   โ€œOf key importance here is the emergence of
    the โ€žpure relationshipโ€Ÿ as prototypical of the
    new spheres of personal life. A pure
    relationship is one in which external criteria
    have become dissolved: the relationship
    exists solely for whatever rewards that
    relationship as such can deliver. In the
    context of the pure relationship, trust can be
    mobilized only by a process of mutual
    disclosure (Giddens, 1991: 6).โ€
Friend?
๏‚›   โ€œA friend is defined specifically as someone
    with whom one has a relationship
    unprompted by anything other than the
    rewards that the relationship providesโ€ฆ.
    Friendship attachments may have their inertial
    elements, but in practice as well as in
    principle one normally stays a friend of
    another only in so far as sentiments of
    closeness are reciprocated for their own sake
    (Giddens, 1991: 90).โ€

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๋ฌธํ™”์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ ํ•™ ๊ฐ•์˜ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ธฐ 02, 03, 04
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แ„ƒแ…ตแ„†แ…ตแ„‹แ…ฅแ„‚แ…ณแ†ซ แ„†แ…ฆแ„‰แ…ฆแ„Œแ…ตแ„ƒแ…ก
Platform strategy framework roa david kim
์‚ฌ์—…๊ณ„ํš์„œ ์–‘์‹
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Internet, SNS, & Community

  • 1. Internet, SNS, & Community Young-Min Yun (Professor, Dept. of Information Sociology, Hanyang University, ERICA campus)
  • 2. Content 1. Small town of the Internet 2. Homo Dialogicus 3. Narcissism 4. Gift economy 5. Dramatic performance 6. Crowd 7. Coffee house โ€“ public sphere 8. The Third Place 9. Conclusion
  • 3. 1. Small town of the Internet โ€œToday, no matter where you live in the world, you also live in the small town of the Internet (C.C. Chapman, co-author of Content Rules).โ€
  • 5. Marshall McLuhan (Global Village: 97) โ€œWhat may emerge as the most important insight of the twenty-first century is that man was not designed to live at the speed of lightโ€ฆ.In the Western world we are heading for an inrush of social aims and structures... The group mind will predominate and make us so sensitive to other people's needs and wants that whole regions will be exhausted by the demand of adjustment.โ€
  • 6. Implications ๏‚› ์ „๊ทผ๋Œ€์ ์ธ ๊ด€๊ณ„(์ „๊ทผ๋Œ€์  ๊ณต๋™์ฒด): ๋น„ํšจ์œจ์  + ์ธ๊ฒฉ์  ๏‚› ๊ทผ๋Œ€์  ๊ด€๊ณ„(๋น„๊ณต๋™์ฒด):์‚ฌ๋ฌด์ (buisnesslike) ์ ‘๊ทผ(ํšจ์œจ์  + ๋น„์ธ๊ฒฉ์  impersonal) ๏‚› ํƒˆ๊ทผ๋Œ€์  ๊ด€๊ณ„(ํƒˆ๊ทผ๋Œ€์  ๊ณต๋™์ฒด): ํšจ์œจ์ ์ด๋ฉด ์„œ ์ธ๊ฒฉ์ (efficient + personal) ์ ‘๊ทผ์ด ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ ๋จ ๏‚› ๊ฐ์ •๋…ธ๋™์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋จ ๏‚› ๊ฐœ์ธ์€ ํ™˜์ƒ, ์ง‘๋‹จ(groups)์ด ํ˜„์‹ค
  • 7. 2. Homo Dialogicus โ€œDialogue becomes the goal in itself, the central purpose of human life (Sidorkin, 1996: 9).โ€
  • 9. Mikhail Bakhtin (1984: 252) โ€œIt is fully understandable that at the center of Dostoevsky's artistic world must lie dialogue, and dialogue not as a means but as an end in itself. Dialogue here is not the threshold to action, it is the action in itself. It is not a means of revealing, for bringing to the surface the already ready-made character of a person; no, in dialogue a person not only shows himself outwardly, but he becomes for the first time that which he is--and, we repeat, not only for others but for himself as well. To be means to communicate dialogically. When dialogue ends, everything ends. Thus dialogue, by its very essence, cannot and must not come to an end.โ€
  • 10. Implications ๏‚› SNS ํฌ์ŠคํŒ…์€ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ง์„ ๊ฑธ๊ณ  ํ™”์ œ๋ฅผ ๋˜์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๏‚› ๋Œ€ํ™”(dialolgue)๋Š” ๋ฐœํ™”(utterance)์™€ ๊ฒฝ์ฒญ(listening) ์ด ๊ท ํ˜•์„ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์•ผ ๏‚› ๋งˆ์Œ ์†์— ๋Œ€ํ™”์˜ ์ƒ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ผ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋Œ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์ƒ ๏‚› Target audience๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ personal profile์„ ์—ผ๋‘ ์— ๋‘์–ด์•ผ ๏‚› ํ—ˆ๊ณต์„ ํ–ฅํ•ด ๋ฐœ์–ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋…๋ฐฑ(monologue)์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ ์›Œ
  • 11. 3. Narcissism โ€œNarcissism, as a side effect of acoustic space, is, beside AIDS, the fastest developing social disease of the peoples of the West (McLuhan, 1989: 100).โ€
  • 12. A new type of Narcissist?
  • 13. McLuhan (Global Vilage, 1989) ๏‚› ์ „์ž์  ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ์™ธ๋ถ€์— ์ž์‹ ์„ ์žฌํ˜„ (represent). ์žฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘. ๏‚› ์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ์ž์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์  ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฌ๋””์ง€ ๋ชปํ•จ. ์ „์ž์  ๋งค์ฒด๋Š” ๋งˆ์น˜ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ์ž์‹ ์„ ์žฌํ˜„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์คŒ. ๏ƒ  ํ˜„๋Œ€์  ์˜๋ฏธ ์˜ ๋‚˜๋ฅด์‹œ์‹œ์ฆ˜. ๏‚› ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ๋น›์˜ ์†๋„๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ๋งˆ ์น˜ jet-setter๊ฐ™์Œ. ์ œํŠธ์…‹ํ„ฐ๋Š” ์–ด๋А ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ์—๋„ ์†ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ž๊ธฐ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์—ด์ค‘.
  • 14. Implications ๏‚› ์ž๊ธฐ๋„์ทจ์  ์„ฑํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” SNS ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋“ค์ด ์ ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค. ๏‚› ํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ถ์€ ์ž๊ธฐ ํ™๋ณด(self-promotion)์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด ์ค€๋‹ค. ๏‚› ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์ž๊ธฐ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฃผ์ธ๊ณต์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํ™˜์ƒ์ด ์กด์žฌ. ๋งค์Šค ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ nobody๊ฐ€ SNS ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ somebody ๏ƒ  ์กด์ค‘ํ•ด์•ผ ๏‚› ๋‚จ์—๊ฒŒ ์ธ์ •๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์š•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ฅด์‹œ์‹œ์ฆ˜์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋‹ค์†Œ ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ.
  • 15. (continued) ๏‚› ๊ฐœ์ธ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ธฐ์—…, ๋‹จ์ฒด, ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ๋‚˜๋ฅด์‹œ์‹œ์ฆ˜์ด ์‹ฌํ•˜๋‹ค ๏‚› ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ž์ฃผ ์˜ฌ๋ผ์˜ค๋Š” โ€ž์…€์นดโ€Ÿ๋ฅผ ์ฐธ์•„์ฃผ๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“ค๋“ฏ์ด ์ž๊ธฐ์ž๋ž‘๋งŒ ๋งŽ ์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์—…์€ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘๋ฐ›๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค. ์ ˆ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๏‚› ํ™๋ณด์  ์†Œ์‹์€ ๋Œ€์ค‘๋งค์ฒด์™€ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ SNS์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฅด์‹œ์‹œ์ฆ˜์œผ๋กœ ์ธ ์‹๋œ๋‹ค. ์ Š์€์ด๋“ค ํ‘œํ˜„์œผ๋กœ โ€ž์ž๋ป‘โ€Ÿ. SNS ํฌ์ŠคํŒ…์€ ๊ฐ๊ด€์  ๋ณด๋„ ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์šด๋ช…์ด๋‹ค. ๏‚› SNS๋Š” ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ่€…์ผ์ˆ˜๋ก ๊ฒธ์†์ด ๋ฏธ๋•์ธ ์„ธ๊ณ„
  • 16. 4. Gift Economy โ€œZuckberg says Facbook and other forces on the Internet now create sufficient transparency for gift economies to operate at a large scale (Kirkpatrick, 2010).โ€
  • 17. Potlatch, a gift economy
  • 18. Gift (Marcel Mauss, 1950) ๏‚› ์„ ๋ฌผ๊ฒฝ์ œ์˜ ์š”์ฒด๋Š” ์ฆ์—ฌ์™€ ๋‹ต๋ก€. ์ฆ์—ฌ, ์ˆ˜๋ น, ๋‹ต ๋ก€๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์˜๋ฌด. ๏‚› ํฌํ‹€๋ž˜์น˜ ๏‚› ๋‰ดํŠผ ์ด๋ž˜ ํ•™๋ฌธ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์˜ ์ง€์‹ ๊ณต์œ  ์ „ํ†ต ๏‚› Open-source software ๏‚› ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ์ง‘๋‹จ์ง€์„ฑ: ์œ„ํ‚คํ”ผ๋””์•„ ๏‚› ๋ธ”๋กœ๊ทธ ๏‚› Facebook์—์„œ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ™”
  • 19. Implications ๏‚› ์ข‹์€ ์„ ๋ฌผ์€ (1) ์ƒ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์—ด๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, (2) ์ฃผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์ด ๋‹ด๊ธด ๊ฒƒ, (3) ์ƒ๋Œ€์—๊ฒŒ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ, (4) ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜์˜ ์˜๋„๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๏‚› ํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ถ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์  ์„ฑ๊ณต์€ ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ƒํ’ˆ๊ต ํ™˜์  ๊ด€๊ณ„๋กœ๋งŒ ์œ ์ง€๋  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Œ์„ ๋ฐ˜์ฆ ๏‚› ์„ ๋ฌผ๊ฒฝ์ œ์˜ ์›์น™์„ ์ž˜ ๋”ฐ๋ฅผ์ˆ˜๋ก ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋„, ํฌ ์ŠคํŒ…๋„, ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋„ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’๋‹ค
  • 20. (continued) ๏‚› SNS์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ด€๊ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์†Œ๋ง์„ ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜๋ผ ๏‚› ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋‰ด์Šคํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฅผ ๊ด‘๊ณ ์™€ ํ™๋ณด์  ํฌ์ŠคํŒ…์œผ๋กœ ์ฑ„์šฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ? ๏‚› ๋งˆ์ผ€ํŒ…์  ํฌ์ŠคํŒ…์„ ์ž์ œํ•˜๋ผ. ์ตœ๋Œ€10%๋ฅผ ๋„˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์ง(Oliver Blanchard, Social Media ROI).
  • 21. 5. Dramatic performance โ€œI assume that when an individual appears before others he will have many motives for trying to control the impression they receive of the situation (Goffman, 1959: 15).โ€
  • 22. The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life (Goffman, 1959) ๏‚› ์—ฐ๊ทน๊ณต์—ฐ์€ ์ง‘๋‹จ์  ํ–‰์œ„ ๏‚› ์ƒํ™ฉ ์ •์˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋™ ๏‚› ๋Œ€ํ™” ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฌต์‹œ์  ํ•ฉ์˜๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌ ๏‚› ๋Œ€ํ™”์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณต๊ฐ์ด ํ•„์š” ๏‚› ์ฐธ์—ฌ์ž ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต์—ฐ ๏‚› ์ฐธ์—ฌ์ž์˜ ํ•ด์„์„ ์ค‘์‹œํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ์‚ฌํšŒ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ œ ์•ฝ์„ ์ธ์ • ๏‚› ๋ฌด๋Œ€ ์ „๋ฉด, ํ›„๋ฉด, ๊ทน์  ๊ฐ์ƒ‰, ์ด์ƒํ™”, ์˜ค์ „(่ชคๅ‚ณ), ์‹ ๋น„ํ™”, ์ธ์ƒ๊ด€๋ฆฌ
  • 23. โ€œYou look so Much Cuter on my Computer.โ€
  • 24. Implications ๏‚› ์—ฐ๊ทน ๊ณต์—ฐ๋ก ์˜ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ์žฅ์ ์€ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋ฉ‹์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํฌ ์žฅํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์„ฑํ–ฅ๋ณด๋‹ค ์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋™ ์„ ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์„ฑํ–ฅ์„ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด์ค€๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ด๋‹ค ๏‚› SNS๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋”์šฑ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•ด์คŒ ๏‚› โ€œ๊ณต๊ฐ์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€โ€ : Jeremy Rifkin ๏‚› SNS ํ–‰๋™์€ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์˜์กด์ . ํฌ์ŠคํŒ…๊ณผ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์€ ๋งฅ๋ฝ ์„ ๋– ๋‚˜์„œ ์ดํ•ด๋  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Œ ๏ƒ  big data analysis์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•จ
  • 25. 6. Crowd โ€œโ€ฆ.the crowd is always intellectually inferior to the isolated individual, but that, from the point of view of feelings and of the acts these feelings provoke, the crowd may, according to circumstances, be better or worse than the individual (Le Bon, 1960: 33).โ€
  • 26. Crowd (Le Bon, 1895) ๏‚› ๊ตฐ์ค‘์€ ์ง‘๋‹จ์ •์‹ (collective mind)์„ ๊ฐ€์ง ๏‚› ๊ทธ ์ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฉด, ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์ตœ๋ฉด์ƒํƒœ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ ๏‚› ํ‰์†Œ์˜ ์ง€๋Šฅ, ํŒ๋‹จ๋ ฅ, ํ’ˆ์œ„, ๊ฐœ์„ฑ์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ƒ์‹ค ๏‚› ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์˜์ง€๋Œ€๋กœ ์›€์ง์ด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ์ž๋™์ธํ˜• ๏‚› ์˜ค์ง ์ง€๋„์ž์˜ ๋ช…๋ น์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์›€์ง์ž„ ๏‚› ์‹คํŒจ, ํ† ๋ก ์€ ์ง€๋„์ž์˜ ์œ„์—„์„ ์†์ƒ ์‹œํ‚ด
  • 27. Are SNS users zombie crowd?
  • 28. Implications ๏‚› ์ผ๋ถ€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„, ํŠนํžˆ ์ต๋ช…์  ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ ๊ตฐ์ค‘์  ํŠน์ง• ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚จ ๏‚› SNS์˜ ๋ฉฑํ•จ์ˆ˜ ๋ถ„ํฌ๋Š” ์ง€๋„์ž-๊ตฐ์ค‘์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„ ๋‹˜ โ€“ ์ˆ˜์ง์  ์†Œํ†ต ๏ƒ  ์ˆ˜ํ‰์  ์†Œํ†ต(์ผ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๏ƒ  ์Œ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์ด ์•„๋‹˜) โ€“ ํ† ๋ก ์˜ ํž˜ ๏‚› SNS์—๋Š” ํ™œ๋™์ ์ธ ์†Œ์ˆ˜์™€ ์†Œ๊ทน์ ์ธ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ ์„ ๋ฟ. ๏‚› SNS์—์„œ๋Š” ์†Œ๊ทน์  ๋‹ค์ˆ˜๋ผ๋„ ์ž๋ฐœ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’๋‹ค. โ€ž์—ฌ๋ก  ์ง€๋„์žโ€Ÿ์— ํœ˜๋‘˜๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
  • 29. 7. Coffee house โ€“ ๊ณต๋ก ์žฅ โ€œ18์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ฒ˜์Œ 10๋…„๊ฐ„์— ์ด๋ฏธ ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์—๋Š” 3์ฒœ ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋„˜๋Š” ์ปค ํ”ผํ•˜์šฐ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋Š”๋ฐโ€ฆ.์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์„œ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ๊ณผ ๋ฌธํ•™์ž‘ํ’ˆ ์—์„œ ๋ฐœํ™”๋œ ๋…ผ์˜๋Š” ๊ณง ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋…ผ์Ÿ๊ณผ ์ •์น˜๋…ผ์Ÿ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์žฅ๋œ ๋‹ค(ํ•˜๋ฒ„๋งˆ์Šค, 1962/2001: 102-103).โ€
  • 30. <๊ณต๋ก ์žฅ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ณ€๋™>(Habermas, 1962) ๏‚› ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ๋„์‹œ์—๋Š” 18์„ธ๊ธฐ ํ›„๋ฐ˜ ์ปคํ”ผํ•˜์šฐ์Šค, ์‚ด๋กฑ, ๋…์„œํšŒ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต๋ก ์žฅ์ด ๋“ฑ์žฅ ๏‚› ํ‰๋“ฑํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ™”, ์ฃผ์ œ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ, ๋น„ํ์‡„์„ฑ ๏‚› 18์„ธ๊ธฐ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์—์„œ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ์— ๊ฒฌ์ธ์ฐจ ์—ญํ•  ๏‚› ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ž๋ณธ์ฃผ์˜์—์„œ ๋…์ ์ž๋ณธ์ฃผ์˜๋กœ ์ดํ–‰, ์ƒ์—… ์  ๋Œ€์ค‘์–ธ๋ก  ๋“ฑ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต๋ก ์žฅ์ด ์‡ ํ‡ด
  • 31. Are Social Media reborn coffeehouse?
  • 32. โ€ž๋‰ด์Šค์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜โ€Ÿ(Economist, 7/7/2011) ๏‚› ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์ด ๋‰ด์Šค์‚ฐ์—…์„ ๋งค์Šค๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ์ด์ „์˜ โ€ž๋Œ€ํ™” ๋ฌธํ™”โ€Ÿ๋กœ ๋Œ๋ ค๋†“๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ ๏‚› ๋…์ž์™€ ์‹œ์ฒญ์ž๋Š” ์‹ ๋ฌธ๊ณผ TV๋‰ด์Šค ํฌ๊ธฐ, ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋ถˆ๋กœ๊ทธ๋‚˜ SNS์— ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ† ๋ก , ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๊ณต์œ  ๏‚› ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฉ”์ด์ปค๋“ค๋„ ๋Œ€์ค‘์–ธ๋ก ์„ ์šฐํšŒ, ์ง์ ‘ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ์— ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์˜ฌ๋ฆผ
  • 33. โ€œNetworked public sphereโ€ ๏‚› Yochai Benkler (2006) ๏‚› ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ๋•๋ถ„์— ์ •๋ณด์ƒ์‚ฐ๋น„์šฉ์˜ ํš๊ธฐ์  ๊ฐ์†Œ ๏‚› ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ์ •๋ณด์ƒ์‚ฐ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ ๏‚› ๊ณต๋ก ์žฅ์ด ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋˜๊ณ , ๋น„ํŒ์ , ์„ฑ์ฐฐ์  ๋ฌธํ™” ์ถœ ํ˜„ ๏‚› ๊ณต์œ ์ง€ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ๋™๋ฃŒ์ƒ์‚ฐ ์ถœํ˜„: ๋ฆฌ๋ˆ…์Šค, ์œ„ํ‚คํ”ผ ๋ฆฌ์•„
  • 34. Implications ๏‚› ์‚ฌํšŒ ์ฐธ์—ฌ ์ฆ๋Œ€(โ€ž์ธ์ง€์  ์ž‰์—ฌโ€Ÿ๋ก ), ์ •์น˜ ์ฐธ์—ฌ ์ฆ๋Œ€ (๋ฐœํ™”์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€) โ€“ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์  ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜ ๏‚› ๋Œ€์˜๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜, ํ–‰์ •์  ์ง‘ํ–‰๋ ฅ์˜ ์œ„๊ธฐ ๏ƒ  ์ •์น˜์  ๋ถˆ ํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ ์ฆ๋Œ€ ๏‚› ์†Œ์…œ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด, SNS์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ ๊ฐ•ํ™”, ๋Œ€์ค‘๋งค์ฒด์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ ๋ ฅ ์•ฝํ™” ๏ƒ  ์ข…๋ž˜์˜ โ€žํ™๋ณดโ€Ÿ๋กœ๋Š” ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค. ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€ ๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด๊ณ , ๋งค์ฒด, ์ฑ„๋„๋„ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•จ. ๏‚› ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์œ„๊ธฐ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•ด์•ผ ๏‚› Brand communication์—์„œ ์ง„์ •์„ฑ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ด์ง
  • 35. 8. The Third Place "...daily life, in order to be relaxed and fulfilling, must find its balance in three realms of experience. One is domestic, a second is gainful or productive, and the third is inclusively sociable, offering both the basis of community and the celebration of it (Oldenburg, 1999: 14).โ€
  • 36. The Great Good Place (Oldenburg, 1999) ๏‚› ์ผํ„ฐ๋„ ๊ฐ€์ •๋„ ์•„๋‹Œ โ€ž์ œ3์˜ ์žฅ์†Œโ€Ÿ์ธ ์นดํŽ˜, ์ปคํ”ผ ์ˆ, ์„ ์ˆ ์ง‘, ์ฑ…๋ฐฉ, ์ด๋ฐœ์†Œ, ๋ฏธ์žฅ์› ๋“ฑ ๏‚› โ€ž๋น„๊ณต์‹์  ๊ณต์  ์ƒํ™œ(informal public life)โ€Ÿ ๏‚› Hang out (์–ด์Šฌ๋ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”) ๊ณณ์ด ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ ธ ๊ฐ ๏‚› ์ด์›ƒ์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ๋กœ ํ†ตํ•ฉ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์—ญํ•  ๏‚› ๋™๋„ค ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ๊ฐ€ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌด๋Œ€
  • 37. Is SNS the new third place?
  • 38. Implications ๏‚› ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ์ ‘๊ทผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„ํŒ์  ๊ด€์  ์ œ๊ณต ๏‚› ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ง์ด ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค ๏‚› ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ํ˜น์€ ์–ธ์–ด๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ์ž์ฒด๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋…, ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ •์ฒด ์„ฑ ํ˜น์€ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ทœ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋ช… ๏‚› ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ๋ฅผ ์ „์ œํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ํ•ด๋… ๏‚› 2010๋…„ 2์›” ๊ตฌ๊ธ€์€ 6์–ต2์ฒœ๋งŒ๊ฐœ์˜ ํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ถ ๊ทธ ๋ฃน์„ ์ƒ‰์ธ, ๋‹น์‹œ ํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ถ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋Š” 5์–ต๋ช…. ๏‚› ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ ์ง€ํ–ฅ์„ฑ์€ ์•ฝํ™”๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
  • 39. 9. Conclusion Tranformation of Intimacy โ€“ Anthony Giddens (1993)
  • 40. โ€œDemand for Pure Relationshipโ€ ๏‚› โ€œOf key importance here is the emergence of the โ€žpure relationshipโ€Ÿ as prototypical of the new spheres of personal life. A pure relationship is one in which external criteria have become dissolved: the relationship exists solely for whatever rewards that relationship as such can deliver. In the context of the pure relationship, trust can be mobilized only by a process of mutual disclosure (Giddens, 1991: 6).โ€
  • 41. Friend? ๏‚› โ€œA friend is defined specifically as someone with whom one has a relationship unprompted by anything other than the rewards that the relationship providesโ€ฆ. Friendship attachments may have their inertial elements, but in practice as well as in principle one normally stays a friend of another only in so far as sentiments of closeness are reciprocated for their own sake (Giddens, 1991: 90).โ€