Introduction
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Potassium bisulfite and sodium benzoate are two common chemical preservatives used in India. Potassium bisulfite reacts with acids to release sulfur dioxide gas, which kills microorganisms and prevents spoilage of foods. It is especially used for preserving colorless foods like fruit juices. When added to foods, potassium bisulfite prevents bacterial growth and natural aging without leaving harmful chemicals behind. This document discusses using potassium bisulfite as a food preservative and studying its effects under different conditions like temperature, sugar concentration, chemical concentration, and time.
Introduction
- 1. INTRODUCTION PreservationofFood istheprocess of treatingand handlingfoodto stopor greatlyslow down spoilage (loss of quality, edibility or nutritivevalue)caused or acceleratedby micro-organisms. Maintainingorcreatingnutritionalvalue,textureand flavouris important in preserving itsvalueasfood. Preservationusually involvespreventingthegrowth of bacteria, fungi,and other microorganisms, aswellasretarding theoxidation of fats whichcause rancidity. It alsoincludes processes used toinhibit naturalageinganddiscolouration thatcan occur during food preparation such astheenzymatic browning reactionin apples after theyare cut.Such chemical substances which are added to food materialsto prevent theirspoilage are known aschemical preservatives.Inourcountry, twochemical preservativeswhich are permitted foruseare: 1.Benzoicacid(or sodium benzoate) 2.Sulphur dioxide(or potassiumbisulphite) Benzoicacidoritssodiumsalt, sodiumbenzoate iscommonly used,for the preservationof food materials.Forthe preservationof fruits,fruit juices, squashesand jamssodium benzoate isusedas preservativebecause it issolublein waterand hence easilymixes withthefood product. Potassium
- 2. hydrogen sulfiteorpotassium bisulfiteisa chemical compound with thechemical formula KHSO3. It isusedduring the production of alcoholicbeveragesasa sterilisingagent.It ismade by thereaction of sulfurdioxide andpotassium carbonate. The sulfurdioxide ispassed through a solutionofthe potassiumcarbonate until no more carbon dioxide isgiven off.The solutionis concentratedandthenallowed to crystallize.Potassiumhydrogen sulfiteorpotassiumbisulfite isa chemical compound withthechemical formula KHSO3. It isused during theproduction of alcoholic beveragesasa sterilizing agent. It ismade by thereaction ofsulfurdioxide and potassiumcarbonate. The sulfurdioxide ispassed through a solutionof thepotassium carbonate untilno more carbon dioxide isgiven off.The solutionis concentratedand thenallowed to crystallize. Potassium bisulphite is used for the preservation ofcolourless food materials, suchasfruit juices, squashes,apples andraw mangochutney. Thisisnot usedfor preserving coloured food materials because Sulphur dioxide produced from this chemical isa bleachingpowder.Potassium bisulphite on reaction withacid of thejuice liberates Sulphur dioxide which isvery effectivein killing the harmful microorganisms present in food and thus preventsit from getting spoiled.
- 3. The advantage ofthis method is that no harmful chemical is left in the food .The aimof this project istostudy the effect of potassium bisulphate asfoodpreservative. i . At different temperatures ii. At differentconcentrationsof sugar. iii. Fordifferentconcentrationof KHSO3. iv. At differentTime.