Introduction - Lecture 1 - Information Visualisation (4019538FNR)
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The document outlines the course structure for an advanced master's level course on information visualization, taught by Prof. Beat Signer and Maxim van de Wynckel at VUB. It covers prerequisites, course goals, exercise sessions, materials, assignment details, and exam requirements. Students will develop interactive visualizations and learn to criticize them, with assessments based on project work and oral exams.
![Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 29
February 11, 2021
Anscombe's Quartet
[Visualization Analysis & Design, Tamara Munzner, 2014]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/lecture01introduction-210313104145/85/Introduction-Lecture-1-Information-Visualisation-4019538FNR-29-320.jpg)
![Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 33
February 11, 2021
Search Space Metaphor for Vis Design
[Visualization Analysis & Design, Tamara Munzner, 2014]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/lecture01introduction-210313104145/85/Introduction-Lecture-1-Information-Visualisation-4019538FNR-33-320.jpg)
Introduction - Lecture 1 - Information Visualisation (4019538FNR)
- 1. 2 December 2005 Information Visualisation Introduction Prof. Beat Signer Department of Computer Science Vrije Universiteit Brussel beatsigner.com
- 2. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 2 February 11, 2021 Course Organisation ▪ Prof. Beat Signer Vrije Universiteit Brussel PL9.3.60 (Pleinlaan 9) +32 2 629 1239 bsigner@vub.be wise.vub.ac.be/beat-signer ▪ Maxim Van de Wynckel Vrije Universiteit Brussel PL9.3.58 (Pleinlaan 9) +32 2 629 3487 mvdewync@vub.be
- 3. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 3 February 11, 2021 Prerequisites ▪ Note that this is an advanced Master's level course and the following previous knowledge is required ▪ good programming skills ▪ It is not impossible to follow the course without these prerequisites, but in this case you should not complain about the potential additional workload! ▪ Note that the following courses teach principles that are also relevant for this course on Information Visualisation ▪ Gebruikersinterfaces (1019885ANR) ▪ Next Generation User Interfaces (4018166FNR)
- 4. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 4 February 11, 2021 Course Goals ▪ After attending the course on Information Visuali- sation, the student has solid background knowledge about information visualisation (terminology, principles and issues, visualisation techniques, data representation and presentation). ▪ The student can design, develop and test interactive visualisations. ▪ The student can criticise visualisations.
- 5. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 5 February 11, 2021 Exercises ▪ The course content is further investigated in the exercise sessions ▪ exercise sessions might also be helpful for the assignment ▪ assistant: Maxim Van de Wynckel - Thursday 16:00–18:00 ▪ Lab Session ▪ one of the exercise sessions is a dedicated lab session where you can work and get feedback on your assignment - Thursday 16:00–18:00 ▪ Additional content might be covered in exercise sessions ▪ strongly recommended to attend all exercise sessions! ▪ exam covers content of lectures and exercises
- 6. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 6 February 11, 2021 Course Material ▪ All material will be available on Canvas ▪ lecture slides, exercises, research papers, tutorials, ... ▪ Make sure that you are subscribed to the Information Visualisation course on Canvas ▪ https://canvas.vub.be/courses/17989 ▪ Handouts are available on Canvas at least the day before the lecture ▪ Handouts are also available on the WISE website ▪ https://wise.vub.ac.be/course/information-visualisation
- 7. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 7 February 11, 2021 Lecture Schedule Exercise 2: Data Sources and Dataset Quality Assessment 23 24 25 26 Lecture 2: Human Perception and Colour Theory Lecture 3: Data Representation Exercise 3: Preprocessing and Data Analysis Using Python Lecture 4: Analysis and Validation Exercise 6: Visualisation Frameworks online online online online online online online 27 28 Lecture 1: Introduction 22 Exercise 1: Introduction and Discussion of Visualisations online Exercise 4: Analysis and Validation online online Lecture 5: Data Presentation Exercise 5: Visualisation in Python online online Lecture 6: Data Processing and Visualisation Frameworks Lecture 7: Design Guidelines and Principles Exercise 7: Visualisation in D3.js online online
- 8. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 8 February 11, 2021 Lecture Schedule … Lecture 9: View Manipulation and Reduction Exercise 8: Interaction and Design Guidelines with Bokeh and Plotly 32 33 34 36 Lecture 10: Interaction Lecture 11: Dashboards Exercise 9: Interaction with D3.js Lecture 12: Case Studies and Course Review Lab Session 29 Final Project Presentations Lecture 8: Visualisation Techniques online online online online online online online online online Interim Project Presentations online
- 9. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 9 February 11, 2021 Assignment ▪ Interactive information visualisation ▪ realisation of an interactive information visualisation for the domain and dataset(s) of your choice - various presentations and report - evaluated based on creativity, design principles and visualisation techniques, evaluation, documentation, presentations, source code, … ▪ Assignment handed out later this week ▪ group project with 3 students per group - send an email with the 3 group members and your team name to Maxim Van de Wynckel by Monday, February 15 (mvdewync@vub.be) - final presentation (May 20), final report and code (May 23) ▪ assignment counts for 40% for the final grade
- 10. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 10 February 11, 2021 Exam ▪ Oral exam in English ▪ covers content of lectures and exercises ▪ counts 60% for the overall grade ▪ 5 mins questions about the assignment ▪ 15 mins questions about the course content (no preparation time) ▪ Overall grade = oral exam (60%) + assignment (40%) ▪ assignment is composed out of two grades - overall grade for project where students have some flexibility in distributing the grades (±2 points) (70%) - your contribution/knowledge to the project as checked in oral exam (30%) ▪ note that if either the grade for the oral exam or the grade for the assignment is lower than 8/20, then this automatically becomes the final grade!
- 11. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 11 February 11, 2021 Joseph Priestley (1769)
- 12. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 12 February 11, 2021 Joseph Priestley (1769) …
- 13. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 13 February 11, 2021 London Cholera Map by John Snow (1854)
- 14. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 14 February 11, 2021 London Cholera Map by John Snow (1854)
- 15. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 15 February 11, 2021 Florence Nightingale's Rose Diagram(1858)
- 16. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 16 February 11, 2021 Charles Minard (1869) ▪ Napoleon's March on Moscow (1812-1813)
- 17. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 17 February 11, 2021 London Underground, Harry Beck (1931)
- 18. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 18 February 11, 2021 Gapminder, Hans Rosling ▪ Hans Rosling working with developmental data for over 30 years ▪ Gapminder demonstrated at 2007 TED talk 'The Best Stats You've Ever Seen' ▪ "Let the dataset change your mindset", Rosling 2007 ▪ animated presentation in space and time
- 19. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 19 February 11, 2021 Video: The Best Stats You've Ever Seen
- 20. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 20 February 11, 2021 MindXpres Data Visualisation
- 21. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 21 February 11, 2021 Mapping 2019-nCoV
- 22. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 22 February 11, 2021 Australia Bushfires (2020) ▪ Not a satellite image! ▪ 3D visualisation of one month of data by Anthony Hearsey ▪ data collected by Nasa's Fire Information for Re- source Management System ▪ Information visualisation can be misused to deliver the wrong message
- 23. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 23 February 11, 2021 Mercator Projection
- 24. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 24 February 11, 2021 What is Visualisation (Vis)? ▪ F ▪ Augmentation of human capabilities ▪ A vis idiom is a distinct approach to creating and manipulating visual representations ▪ find best design for a particular task ▪ Resource limitations ▪ computers: computational capacity and scalability ▪ humans: perceptual and cognitive capacity ▪ displays: number of pixels - information density (data-ink ratio) = amount of information vs. unused space Computer-based visualisation systems provide visual representations of datasets designed to help people carry out tasks more effectively. T. Munzner
- 25. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 25 February 11, 2021 Why Use Visualisation? ▪ Human eyes have "superpowers"! ▪ visual system provides very high-bandwidth channel ▪ Visual reasoning is way faster and more reliable than mental reasoning ▪ perceptual inferences based on spatial location etc. ▪ External representation or "external cognition" ▪ augment human capacity beyond internal cognition and memory ▪ information can be organised by spatial location ▪ Summarise information without loosing details (details on demand)
- 26. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 26 February 11, 2021 Human in the Loop ▪ Many analysis problems are ill specified ▪ many possible questions to be asked ▪ human-in-the-loop exploration making use of human pattern detection ▪ augment human capabilities rather than replacing the human in the loop ▪ Exploratory analysis for scientific discovery (data analysis) ▪ Visualisation tools for presentation (communication) ▪ presenting existing knowledge
- 27. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 27 February 11, 2021 Computer in the Loop ▪ Visualisation of large datasets that might dynamically change over time
- 28. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 28 February 11, 2021 Showing Dataset Details ▪ Exploring a dataset to find patterns ▪ not possible if we only see a summary of the dataset ▪ Assessing the validity of a statistical model ▪ does the model fit the data? ▪ Statistical characterisation (descriptive statistics) of a dataset loses information through summarisation ▪ single summary often an oversimplification hiding the true structure of a dataset ▪ e.g. Anscombe's Quartet
- 29. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 29 February 11, 2021 Anscombe's Quartet [Visualization Analysis & Design, Tamara Munzner, 2014]
- 30. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 30 February 11, 2021 Anscombe's Quartet …
- 31. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 31 February 11, 2021 Interactivity ▪ Interactivity is necessary for vis tools handling complexity ▪ limitations of people and displays make it impossible to show a large dataset at once ▪ change level of details ▪ show different aspects of a dataset ▪ different representations and summaries of data ▪ different presentations of data
- 32. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 32 February 11, 2021 Difficulties in Design ▪ Main issue is that the vast majority of the possibilities in the design space will be ineffective for any specific usage context ▪ Design might be a poor match with the human perceptual and cognitive system ▪ Design might be a bad match with the intended task ▪ Design alternatives: consider multiple alternatives and choose the best one!
- 33. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 33 February 11, 2021 Search Space Metaphor for Vis Design [Visualization Analysis & Design, Tamara Munzner, 2014]
- 34. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 34 February 11, 2021 What-Why-How Question ▪ What data is shown ▪ Why is the visualisation tool used (task) ▪ How is the vis idiom constructed in terms of design choices
- 35. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 35 February 11, 2021 Information Visualisation Process Data Representation Data Data Presentation Interaction mapping perception and visual thinking
- 36. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 36 February 11, 2021 Exercise 1 ▪ Introduction and Discussion of Visualisations
- 37. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 37 February 11, 2021 Further Reading ▪ Parts of this lecture are based on the book Visualization Analysis & Design ▪ chapter 1 - What's Vis and Why Do It?
- 38. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 38 February 11, 2021 References ▪ Visualization Analysis & Design, Tamara Munzner, Taylor & Francis Inc, (Har/Psc edition), November 2014, ISBN-13: 978-1466508910 ▪ Information Visualization: Perception for Design, Colin Ware, Morgan Kaufmann (3rd edition), May 2012, ISBN-13: 978-0123814647 ▪ Envisioning Information, Edward R. Tufte, Graphics Press (1st edition) December 1990, ISBN-13: 978-0961392116
- 39. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 39 February 11, 2021 References ... ▪ Semiology of Graphics: Diagrams, Networks, Maps, Jacques Bertin, ESRI PR (1st edition), January 2010, ISBN-13: 978-1466508910 ▪ Data Visualization: A Practical Introduction, Kieran Healy, Princeton University Press, January 2019, ISBN-13: 978-0691181622 ▪ The Functional Art: An Introduction to Information Graphics and Visualization, Alberto Cairo, New Riders (Pap/Dvdr edition), August 2012, ISBN-13: 978-0321834737
- 40. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 40 February 11, 2021 References … ▪ Factfulness: Ten Reasons We're Wrong About The World – And Why Things Are Better Than You Think, Hans Rosling et al., April 2018, ISBN-13: 978-1119547259 ▪ Mapping 2019-nCoV ▪ https://systems.jhu.edu/research/public-health/ncov/ ▪ Australia Bush Fires ▪ https://www.sbs.com.au/news/how-fake-bushfire-images-and-misleading- maps-of-australia-are-spreading-on-social-media ▪ beautiful news daily ▪ https://informationisbeautiful.net/beautifulnews/
- 41. Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.be 41 February 11, 2021 References … ▪ Gapminder ▪ https://www.gapminder.org ▪ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=usdJgEwMinM ▪ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z8t4k0Q8e8Y ▪ B. Shneiderman, Data Visualization’s Breakthrough Moment in the COVID-19 Crisis, 2020 ▪ https://medium.com/nightingale/data-visualizations-breakthrough- moment-in-the-covid-19-crisis-ce46627c7db5 ▪ R. Roels, Y. Baeten and B. Signer, Interactive and Narrative Data Visualisation for Presentation-based Knowledge Transfer, Communications in Computer and Information Science (CCIS), 739, 2017 ▪ https://beatsigner.com/publications/roels_CCIS2017.pdf
- 42. 2 December 2005 Next Lecture Human Perception and Colour Theory