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AN	INTRODUCTION	TO	ARTIFICIAL	
INTELLIGENCE	&	ETHICS	
Boris	Villazón-Terrazas	
March	20,	2021
First	of	all	
•  Hope	you	and	your	family	/	friends	are	ok.	
•  We	need	to	do	more	scienDfic	research,	
development	and	technological		innovaDon.
Personal	IntroducDon	
@boricles	
	
hLp://www.kgswc.org/	
	
hLps://www.linkedin.com/in/boris-villazon-terrazas-01a6015	
	
hLps://github.com/boricles	
	
hLps://scholar.google.com/citaDons?
hl=en&user=N0NWnc0AAAAJ&view_op=list_works&sortby=pubdate	
	
hLps://patents.google.com/?inventor=boris+villazon+terrazas&oq=inventor:(boris
+villazon+terrazas)
ToC	
-  IntroducDon	to	AI	
-  Knowledge	RepresentaDon	
-  Machine	Learning	
-  Natural	Language	Processing	
-  What	about	Ethics?	
-  Fears	and	Concerns	surrounding	AI	
-  Combining	Ethics	and	ArDficial	Intelligence
IntroducDon	
to	AI
ArDficial	Intelligence	
https://s3.amazonaws.com/lowres.cartoonstock.com/recruitment-robot-robotics-artificial_intelligence-recruiters-
qualifications-mbcn2473_low.jpg
•  It	enables	computers	and	machines	to	mimic	
the	percep?on,	learning,	problem-solving,	
and	decision-making	capabiliDes	of	the	
human	mind.
Subfields	of	ArDficial	Intelligence	
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Machine
Learning
	
	
	
	
Knowledge
Representation
Natural
Language
Processing
Robotics
Deep
Learning
…	
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/beyond-artificial-intelligence-buzzword-boris-villazon-terrazas/
Computer
Vision
Knowledge	
RepresentaDon
Knowledge	RepresentaDon	
•  It	is	concerned	with	presenDng	real-world	
informaDon	in	a	form	that	the	computer	can	
“understand”	and	use	to	“solve”	real-life	
problems	or	“handle”	real-life	tasks.	
https://dai.fmph.uniba.sk/~sefranek/kri/handbook/handbook_of_kr.pdf
Edmundo
Paz-Soldán
Iris
Cochabamba
bornIn
Person
Book
Place
Knowledge	Resources	
https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/transforming-ontologies-in-the-web-ontology-
language-owl-to-vocabularies-in-the-simple-knowledge-organization-system-skos(fb578828-6f58-4c65-
aa0b-d52025de5bde).html
IntroducDon	to	the	term	“Knowledge	
Graph”	
•  It	was	introduced	by	researchers	at	the	turn	
of	this	century	and	has	rapidly	gained	
popularity	in	academia	and	industry	since	
Google	popularized	it	in	2012.	
http://knowledgegraph.today/paper.html
https://www.blog.google/products/search/introducing-knowledge-graph-things-not/
Knowledge	Graphs	in	Industry	
…	
https://derwen.ai/s/gw6q
Machine	
Learning
Machine	Learning	
•  It	is	a	field	of	AI	that	gives	computers	the	
ability	to	learn	without	being	explicitly	
programmed.	
Traditional programming
Machine Learning
Computer
Computer
Data
Rules
Data
Answers
Answers
Rules
Machine	Learning
Types	of	Machine	learning	
https://blogs.oracle.com/datascience/types-of-machine-learning-and-top-10-algorithms-everyone-should-know-v2
Deep	Learning	
https://www.smartsheet.com/neural-network-applications
Machine Learning
Deep Learning
Deep	Learning	–	a	bit	of	history	
http://www.cs.us.es/~fsancho/?p=deep-learning
Natural	
Language	
Processing
Natural	Language	Processing	
•  Concerned	with	the	interacDons	between	
computers	and	human	language,	how	to	
program	computers	to	process	and	analyze	
large	amounts	of	natural	language	data.	
NLP
NLG NLU
NLP	–	a	bit	of	history	
1950	
Alan	Turing	
CompuDng	Machinery	and	
Intelligence	
1966	
Josepeh	Weizenbaum	
Eliza	(primer	bot)	
2015	
Sequence-to-sequence	
models	
1980	
Roger	Schank	
Conceptual	dependency	theory	
2006	
IBM	
2013	
Word	Embeddings	
2014	
Neural	Networks	for	NLP	
1970	
Terry	Winogard	@	MIT	
SHRDLU	
2016	
ALenDon	
Memory	based	network	
Abril	2020	
Facebook	BlenderBot	
May	2020	
OpenAI	GPT3	
2018-2019	
Pretrained	Models	BERT,	GPT,	
etc	
June	2020	
MicrosoP	replaces	its	press	
team	by	an	AI	
June	2020	
Facebook	
Transla?on	model		
C++,	Python,	Java	
Micro	words	
Georgetown	
Experiment	
Ontologies	
Grammars	
Deep	Learning	
StaDsDcal		
Models	
….
NLP	–	ApplicaDons	
Dialog		
Manager	
Natural	Language	
Understanding	
Text	to	Speech	
Natural	Language	
GeneraDon	
AutomaDc	
Speech	
RecogniDon	
Knowledge	
Graph	
Chatbots	/	Virtual	Assistants
NLP	–	ApplicaDons	
InformaDon	extracDon	
RelaDon	ExtracDon	
Named	EnDty	
RecognDon	and	
DisambiguaDon	
LocaDon	
Person	
Product
NLP	–	Talk	to	transformer	
Look	how	a	neural	network	model	complets	your	text	
hLps://app.inferkit.com/demo
NLP	–	Talk	to	transformer
NLP	–	Talk	to	transformer
NLP	–	Talk	to	transformer
But,	what	
about	Ethics?
Ethics	
•  Ethics is the branch of philosophy concerned
with grounding decisions, beliefs, policies, etc.
in some sort of framework for deciding right and
wrong. Ethics looks to resolve such questions
as human morality.
•  Ethics is concerned more with principles,
general judgements and norms than with
subjective or personal judgements and values.	
hLps://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783030511098
Ethics	subcategories	
•  Applied Ethics — concerned with studying what
is right or just and what is valuable
•  Normative Ethics — study of how people
should/ought act
•  Meta-ethics — pursuit of understanding what is
good or bad.	
hLps://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783030511098
The	Fears	and	
Concerns	
Surrounding	
AI
PotenDal	Risks	of	AI	
•  Job Loss
•  Wealth Distribution
•  Data-Biasing
•  Military Usage of AI
•  …
hLps://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783030511098
Combining	
Ethics	and	
ArDficial	
Intelligence
The	Five	Principles	of	Ethical	AI	
•  Beneficence
•  Non-maleficence
•  Autonomy
•  Justice
•  Explicability
hLps://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783030511098
Introduction to Artificial Intelligence & Ethics

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