introduction to biological classification
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This document provides an introduction to biological classification, including: - Biologists classify organisms to represent evolutionary relationships and respond to new knowledge. - Carolus Linnaeus established binomial nomenclature using genus and species names. - Classification uses a hierarchical system of seven categories from kingdom to species. - Systematics studies evolution by combining evidence from fossils, anatomy, DNA, and other areas. - Diagrams and dichotomous keys are used to classify and identify organisms.
introduction to biological classification
- 1. Diversity of Life: Introduction to Biological Classification By Deanne Erdmann, MS BioEd Online
- 2. Why Do We Classify Organisms? Biologists group organisms to represent similarities and proposed relationships. Classification systems change with expanding knowledge about new and well-known organisms. Tacitus bellus BioEd Online
- 3. Leucaena leucocephala Lead tree Classification Binomial Nomenclature Two part name (Genus, species) Hierarchical Classification Seven Taxonomic Catagroies Systematics Study of the evolution of biological diversity BioEd Online
- 4. Carolus von Linnaeus (1707-1778) Swedish scientist who laid the foundation for modern taxonomy Binomial Nomenclature Carolus von Linnaeus Two-word naming system Genus Noun, Capitalized, Underlined or Italicized Species Descriptive, Lower Case, Underlined or Italicized BioEd Online
- 5. Hierarchical Classification Taxonomic categories Kingdom King Phylum Philip Class Came Order Over Family For Genus Green Species Soup BioEd Online
- 6. Kingdoms and Domains Bacteria Archaea Eukarya Bacteria Archaea Protista Plantae Fungi Animalia Monera Protista Plantae Fungi Animalia The three-domain system The six-kingdom system The traditional five-kingdom system BioEd Online
- 7. Systematics: Evolutionary Classification of Organisms Systematics is the study of the evolution of biological diversity, and combines data from the following areas. Fossil record Comparative homologies Cladistics Comparative sequencing of DNA/RNA among organisms Molecular clocks BioEd Online
- 8. Taxonomic Diagrams Mammals Turtles Lizards and Snakes Crocodiles Birds Mammals Turtles Lizards and Snakes Crocodiles Birds Cladogram Phylogenetic Tree BioEd Online
- 9. Dichotomous Keys Identify Organisms Dichotomous keys versus evolutionary classification Dichotomous keys contain pairs of contrasting descriptions. After each description, the key directs the user to another pair of descriptions or identifies the organism. Example: 1. a) Is the leaf simple? Go to 2 b) Is the leaf compound? Go to 3 2. a) Are margins of the leaf jagged? Go to 4 b) Are margins of the leaf smooth? Go to 5 BioEd Online
- 10. Thank You This concludes a brief review of biological classification. You may find additional information on this section of in the expanded content talks and in the notes below each slide in the slide library. BioEd Online