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Lean Entrepreneurship
                  Sean Ammirati

                 October 22, 2012




#CMULean                            © Sean Ammirati, 2012
About me...
           • Research Fellow, CMU Software Industry
             Center
           • Director Business Development, Peak
             Strategy (sold to Morgan Stanley)
           • CEO & Co-Founder, mSpoke (sold to
             LinkedIn)
           • COO, ReadWriteWeb (sold to SAY Media)
#CMULean
           • Partner, Birchmere Ventures              © Sean Ammirati, 2012
Lean Entrepreneurship
• Technology Startup are not just small
  versions of big technology companies
• Introducing innovation (especially in
  technology based innovation) requires a
  more agile approach
• Social & Cloud platforms are catalyzing
  significant additional changes (for the better)
• Many principals are applicable to
  “intrapreneurship” as well
Class Format

           • Lecture emphasizing a specific best practice
           • Interactive discussion on a topic of interest
             in the national startup or technology media
           • Student group led analysis of a historical
             startup & patterns that can be learned



#CMULean                                                  © Sean Ammirati, 2012
Best Practices Covered


#CMULean                     © Sean Ammirati, 2012
Customer Discovery
           • Testing problem & product concept quickly
             using digital tools like CPC advertising and
             landing pages
           • Understanding the difference between
             customer needs and product features
           • Using Web Platforms, Services & Tools to
             quickly build “Minimally Awesome
             Products”

#CMULean                                                © Sean Ammirati, 2012
Developing a Replicable
           Sales & Marketing Plan
           • Understanding difference between
             innovators / early adopter customers those
             ‘across the chasm’
           • Sales Process
           • Tools & Techniques to automate continuous
             measurement and scale


#CMULean                                            © Sean Ammirati, 2012
Digital Business Models

           • The business model canvas paradigm
           • Financial Modeling
           • Common High Growth Technology
             Business Model Patterns



#CMULean                                          © Sean Ammirati, 2012
Recruiting Team
                    Members

           • Culture
           • Generalist vs Specialist
           • What do technologists really want?

#CMULean                                          © Sean Ammirati, 2012
Agile & Continuous
           Software Development

           • SCRUM vs Continuous Deployment
           • Leveraging Platforms


#CMULean                                      © Sean Ammirati, 2012
Raising Capital for Your
                   Startup

           • VC Fundamentals
           • Emergence of Accelerators for High
             Growth Tech Startups




#CMULean                                          © Sean Ammirati, 2012
Logistics


#CMULean       © Sean Ammirati, 2012
Class Preparation
           •   Each week, you will be required to spend
               approximately an hour watching video lectures or
               reading content to prepare for that week’s class
               material.
           •   Each week, you should be prepared to discuss a
               topic of interest in the national tech / startup
               media.
           •   One week, you will be required to have (as part of a
               group) conducted an analysis of a historical startup


#CMULean                                                          © Sean Ammirati, 2012
Class Evaluation

           • Student Group Presentation (30%)
           • Attendance & Participation (20%)
           • Two Application Exercises
             (25% each – 50% total)



#CMULean                                        © Sean Ammirati, 2012
Student Group
              Presentation (30%)

           • Clarity of overall presentation
           • Metrics & benchmarks identified
           • Lessons learned identified

#CMULean                                       © Sean Ammirati, 2012
Attendance &
                Participation (20%)
           •   Contribution to the discussion by raising thoughtful
               questions and analyzing relevant issues
           •   Builds on others’ ideas (listen!)
           •   Expands the class’ perspective and appropriately
               challenging assumptions and perspectives
           •   For each weeks’ discussion on a topic of interest in
               the national startup / technology media, suggests
               interesting and relevant topics.
           •   Attends class regularly
#CMULean                                                          © Sean Ammirati, 2012
Application Exercises
           (25% each - 50% total)
           • Clarity of overall presentation
           • Process and work conducted to create the
             deliverable (please show the work
             completed to land on the deliverable)
           • Quality and thoughtfulness of the analysis
             conducted


#CMULean                                              © Sean Ammirati, 2012
Application Exercises
           •   Put into practice the best practices you are learning in the class.
           •   If you are working on or exploring launching a startup, you
               should target the exercises on your startup. If not, you can
               partner with a local startup or just do the exercises on a
               fictitious startup.
           •   For your grade, I am more concerned with the process and work
               you do. Therefore, the quality of the idea you are exploring
               won’t impact it. However, I’d always encourage you to maximize
               the value of your personal time by investing in ideas you actually
               are interested in.
           •   Each exercise should be delivered as a SINGLE PDF FILE and
               uploaded to blackboard.


#CMULean                                                                       © Sean Ammirati, 2012
Exercise 1: Customer
           Discovery & Development

            • A set of hypothesis you set out to test
              about your customer’s problems and
              needs.
            • The customer discovery experiments you
              conducted to test these hypothesis
            • Validated (or invalidated) learning’s about
              your customer’s problems & needs

#CMULean                                                © Sean Ammirati, 2012
Exercise 2: Technology
               Development
           • A specification for your Minimally
             Awesome Product (or MVP) based on
             Exercise 1
           • A product backlog of the work required to
             build your M.A.P.



#CMULean                                            © Sean Ammirati, 2012
Laptop Policy


                      Use your laptop only
                        to participate &
                           take notes!




#CMULean                         © Sean Ammirati, 2012
Sample Quick
            Presentation:
                  PayPal


#CMULean             © Sean Ammirati, 2012
Confinity
           Founding Team: 12/1998




#CMULean                        © Sean Ammirati, 2012
#CMULean   © Sean Ammirati, 2012
http://www.fastcompany.com/1837839/reid-hoffman-paypals-pivoted-path-success



#CMULean                                                                                  © Sean Ammirati, 2012
X.com + Confinity
              March 2000




#CMULean                      © Sean Ammirati, 2012
Early Metrics
                                                                                  8.8 M
                                                                                 $747 M

    9,000,000                                                                             $800,000,000



    6,750,000                                                                             $600,000,000



    4,500,000                                                                             $400,000,000


                                824,000
    2,250,000                    $46 M                                                    $200,000,000



                     0                                                                                $0
                              Q1 2000 Q2 2000 Q3 2000 Q4 2000 Q1 2001 Q2 2001

                                             Number of Accounts   Total Payment Volumne
source: PayPal S1 -- http://www.secinfo.com/dRqWm.4G9Ag.htm
#CMULean                                                                                      © Sean Ammirati, 2012
Toll Bridge
           Business Model

                    Charge a % off each
                     transaction (tax)

                 Key is how do you require
                 people to use your bridge?



#CMULean                             © Sean Ammirati, 2012
Barrier to Entry:
           Fraud Detection




            http://ecorner.stanford.edu/authorMaterialInfo.html?mid=1028


#CMULean                                                                   © Sean Ammirati, 2012
#CMULean   © Sean Ammirati, 2012
Lessons

           • Pivot till you have a product market fit
             worth scaling: Palm Pilot -> Email $
           • Barriers to entry aren’t always patents:
             Fraud Detection
           • Never underestimate the value of a strong
             team


#CMULean                                                © Sean Ammirati, 2012
Thoughts as you do
                  yours ...
           • Target: 45 - 60 Minutes
           • Find & analyze data on early usage
           • Pull out interesting lessons learned
           • Doesn’t have to be all slides

#CMULean                                            © Sean Ammirati, 2012
Creating Your
                 Groups


#CMULean            © Sean Ammirati, 2012
Create Groups

           1. Form your own groups
                (3 - 4 people) x 7 weeks
                diversity among group is great!
           2. Pick your company
           3. Pick your week



#CMULean                                          © Sean Ammirati, 2012
Potential Companies
           • Google      • Amazon
           • Facebook    • Groupon
           • OpenTable   • Yelp
           • LinkedIn    • ... (feel free to
                            propose your
           • eBay           own)
           • Yahoo
#CMULean                                       © Sean Ammirati, 2012

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Introduction to CMU Lean Entreprenuership Course

  • 1. Lean Entrepreneurship Sean Ammirati October 22, 2012 #CMULean © Sean Ammirati, 2012
  • 2. About me... • Research Fellow, CMU Software Industry Center • Director Business Development, Peak Strategy (sold to Morgan Stanley) • CEO & Co-Founder, mSpoke (sold to LinkedIn) • COO, ReadWriteWeb (sold to SAY Media) #CMULean • Partner, Birchmere Ventures © Sean Ammirati, 2012
  • 3. Lean Entrepreneurship • Technology Startup are not just small versions of big technology companies • Introducing innovation (especially in technology based innovation) requires a more agile approach • Social & Cloud platforms are catalyzing significant additional changes (for the better) • Many principals are applicable to “intrapreneurship” as well
  • 4. Class Format • Lecture emphasizing a specific best practice • Interactive discussion on a topic of interest in the national startup or technology media • Student group led analysis of a historical startup & patterns that can be learned #CMULean © Sean Ammirati, 2012
  • 5. Best Practices Covered #CMULean © Sean Ammirati, 2012
  • 6. Customer Discovery • Testing problem & product concept quickly using digital tools like CPC advertising and landing pages • Understanding the difference between customer needs and product features • Using Web Platforms, Services & Tools to quickly build “Minimally Awesome Products” #CMULean © Sean Ammirati, 2012
  • 7. Developing a Replicable Sales & Marketing Plan • Understanding difference between innovators / early adopter customers those ‘across the chasm’ • Sales Process • Tools & Techniques to automate continuous measurement and scale #CMULean © Sean Ammirati, 2012
  • 8. Digital Business Models • The business model canvas paradigm • Financial Modeling • Common High Growth Technology Business Model Patterns #CMULean © Sean Ammirati, 2012
  • 9. Recruiting Team Members • Culture • Generalist vs Specialist • What do technologists really want? #CMULean © Sean Ammirati, 2012
  • 10. Agile & Continuous Software Development • SCRUM vs Continuous Deployment • Leveraging Platforms #CMULean © Sean Ammirati, 2012
  • 11. Raising Capital for Your Startup • VC Fundamentals • Emergence of Accelerators for High Growth Tech Startups #CMULean © Sean Ammirati, 2012
  • 12. Logistics #CMULean © Sean Ammirati, 2012
  • 13. Class Preparation • Each week, you will be required to spend approximately an hour watching video lectures or reading content to prepare for that week’s class material. • Each week, you should be prepared to discuss a topic of interest in the national tech / startup media. • One week, you will be required to have (as part of a group) conducted an analysis of a historical startup #CMULean © Sean Ammirati, 2012
  • 14. Class Evaluation • Student Group Presentation (30%) • Attendance & Participation (20%) • Two Application Exercises (25% each – 50% total) #CMULean © Sean Ammirati, 2012
  • 15. Student Group Presentation (30%) • Clarity of overall presentation • Metrics & benchmarks identified • Lessons learned identified #CMULean © Sean Ammirati, 2012
  • 16. Attendance & Participation (20%) • Contribution to the discussion by raising thoughtful questions and analyzing relevant issues • Builds on others’ ideas (listen!) • Expands the class’ perspective and appropriately challenging assumptions and perspectives • For each weeks’ discussion on a topic of interest in the national startup / technology media, suggests interesting and relevant topics. • Attends class regularly #CMULean © Sean Ammirati, 2012
  • 17. Application Exercises (25% each - 50% total) • Clarity of overall presentation • Process and work conducted to create the deliverable (please show the work completed to land on the deliverable) • Quality and thoughtfulness of the analysis conducted #CMULean © Sean Ammirati, 2012
  • 18. Application Exercises • Put into practice the best practices you are learning in the class. • If you are working on or exploring launching a startup, you should target the exercises on your startup. If not, you can partner with a local startup or just do the exercises on a fictitious startup. • For your grade, I am more concerned with the process and work you do. Therefore, the quality of the idea you are exploring won’t impact it. However, I’d always encourage you to maximize the value of your personal time by investing in ideas you actually are interested in. • Each exercise should be delivered as a SINGLE PDF FILE and uploaded to blackboard. #CMULean © Sean Ammirati, 2012
  • 19. Exercise 1: Customer Discovery & Development • A set of hypothesis you set out to test about your customer’s problems and needs. • The customer discovery experiments you conducted to test these hypothesis • Validated (or invalidated) learning’s about your customer’s problems & needs #CMULean © Sean Ammirati, 2012
  • 20. Exercise 2: Technology Development • A specification for your Minimally Awesome Product (or MVP) based on Exercise 1 • A product backlog of the work required to build your M.A.P. #CMULean © Sean Ammirati, 2012
  • 21. Laptop Policy Use your laptop only to participate & take notes! #CMULean © Sean Ammirati, 2012
  • 22. Sample Quick Presentation: PayPal #CMULean © Sean Ammirati, 2012
  • 23. Confinity Founding Team: 12/1998 #CMULean © Sean Ammirati, 2012
  • 24. #CMULean © Sean Ammirati, 2012
  • 26. X.com + Confinity March 2000 #CMULean © Sean Ammirati, 2012
  • 27. Early Metrics 8.8 M $747 M 9,000,000 $800,000,000 6,750,000 $600,000,000 4,500,000 $400,000,000 824,000 2,250,000 $46 M $200,000,000 0 $0 Q1 2000 Q2 2000 Q3 2000 Q4 2000 Q1 2001 Q2 2001 Number of Accounts Total Payment Volumne source: PayPal S1 -- http://www.secinfo.com/dRqWm.4G9Ag.htm #CMULean © Sean Ammirati, 2012
  • 28. Toll Bridge Business Model Charge a % off each transaction (tax) Key is how do you require people to use your bridge? #CMULean © Sean Ammirati, 2012
  • 29. Barrier to Entry: Fraud Detection http://ecorner.stanford.edu/authorMaterialInfo.html?mid=1028 #CMULean © Sean Ammirati, 2012
  • 30. #CMULean © Sean Ammirati, 2012
  • 31. Lessons • Pivot till you have a product market fit worth scaling: Palm Pilot -> Email $ • Barriers to entry aren’t always patents: Fraud Detection • Never underestimate the value of a strong team #CMULean © Sean Ammirati, 2012
  • 32. Thoughts as you do yours ... • Target: 45 - 60 Minutes • Find & analyze data on early usage • Pull out interesting lessons learned • Doesn’t have to be all slides #CMULean © Sean Ammirati, 2012
  • 33. Creating Your Groups #CMULean © Sean Ammirati, 2012
  • 34. Create Groups 1. Form your own groups (3 - 4 people) x 7 weeks diversity among group is great! 2. Pick your company 3. Pick your week #CMULean © Sean Ammirati, 2012
  • 35. Potential Companies • Google • Amazon • Facebook • Groupon • OpenTable • Yelp • LinkedIn • ... (feel free to propose your • eBay own) • Yahoo #CMULean © Sean Ammirati, 2012