![Application Areas
• TV
• stereo
• remote control
• phone / mobile phone
• refrigerator
• microwave
• washing machine
• electric tooth brush
• oven / rice or bread cooker
• watch
• alarm clock
• electronic musical instruments
• electronic toys (stuffed animals,handheld toys, pinballs, etc.)
• medical home equipment (e.g. blood
pressure, thermometer)
•…
• [PDAs?? More like standard computer system]
Consumer Products](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/introductiontoembeddedsystems-140213031847-phpapp02/85/Introduction-to-embedded-systems-8-320.jpg)
![Application Areas
• Medical Systems
– pace maker, patient monitoring systems, injection systems,
intensive care units, …
• Office Equipment
– printer, copier, fax, …
• Tools
– multimeter, oscilloscope, line tester, GPS, …
• Banking
– ATMs, statement printers, …
• Transportation
– (Planes/Trains/[Automobiles] and Boats)
• radar, traffic lights, signalling systems, …](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/introductiontoembeddedsystems-140213031847-phpapp02/85/Introduction-to-embedded-systems-9-320.jpg)
Introduction to embedded systems
- 2. • Textbook: • T. Bräunl Embedded Robotics, Springer 2003
- 3. Plan of class • Week 1: – Servo programming – Evolutionary algorithms • Week 2: – Humanoid Robots – Models of robotics • Mapping, grammars, automata, probabilistic, Braitenberg Vehicles, natural language, logic based learning.
- 6. 1.1 Definition • Definition for: embedded system • A combination of hardware and software which together form a component of a larger machine. • An example of an embedded system is a microprocessor that controls an automobile engine. • An embedded system is designed to run on its own without human intervention, and may be required to respond to events in real time.
- 8. Application Areas • TV • stereo • remote control • phone / mobile phone • refrigerator • microwave • washing machine • electric tooth brush • oven / rice or bread cooker • watch • alarm clock • electronic musical instruments • electronic toys (stuffed animals,handheld toys, pinballs, etc.) • medical home equipment (e.g. blood pressure, thermometer) •… • [PDAs?? More like standard computer system] Consumer Products
- 9. Application Areas • Medical Systems – pace maker, patient monitoring systems, injection systems, intensive care units, … • Office Equipment – printer, copier, fax, … • Tools – multimeter, oscilloscope, line tester, GPS, … • Banking – ATMs, statement printers, … • Transportation – (Planes/Trains/[Automobiles] and Boats) • radar, traffic lights, signalling systems, …
- 10. Application Areas • Automobiles – engine management, trip computer, cruise control, immobilizer, car alarm, – airbag, ABS, ESP, … • Building Systems – elevator, heater, air conditioning, lighting, key card entries, locks, alarm systems, … • Agriculture – feeding systems, milking systems, … • Space – satellite systems, …
- 11. Application Areas • Facts: – 1997: The average U.S. household has over 10 embedded computers (source: www.it.dtu.dk/~jan) • 1998: 90% Embedded Systems vs. 10% Computers – (source: Frautschi, www.caliberlearning.com) • 2001: The Volvo S80 has 18 embedded controllers and 2 busses (source: Volvo)
- 12. Automobiles
- 15. Microcontrollers
- 16. Microcontrollers • Microprocessor – CPU (on single chip) • Microcontroller • CPU + Timers + I/O (+RAM) (+ROM) • Reduced chip count for board design • Embedded system • Today’s Technology: – Surface Mount Device (SMD) – Ball Grid Array (BGA)
- 26. Input and Output • Required to communicate with outside world • PC System: – – – – Keyboard Monitor Parallel port (printer port) Serial port + USB • Embedded System: – Sensors (e.g. in automobile: acceleration sensor, seat sensor) – Actuators (e.g. in automobile: valves for airbags)
- 27. Input and Output • Input / output device implementation can be: • • Memory-mapped • • I/O mapped (ports) • • DMA (direct memory access)