Introduction to Gameful Design Heuristics (CHI 2017)
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The document introduces gameful design heuristics, which serve as guidelines for evaluating gameful applications based on various motivational affordances. It categorizes these heuristics into intrinsic, extrinsic, and context-dependent types, highlighting their importance in satisfying psychological needs and improving user engagement. The document also provides a practical evaluation method and references relevant literature in the field.
Introduction to Gameful Design Heuristics (CHI 2017)
- 1. Introduction to Gameful Design Heuristics Gustavo F. Tondello Dr. Lennart E. Nacke CHI 2017 – Applying Gameful Design Heuristics
- 2. Introduction Heuristics General design principle or guidelines Heuristic Evaluation Use of said principles to identify design problems Gameful Design Heuristics Set of guidelines for heuristic evaluation of gameful applications CHI 2017 - Applying Gameful Design Heuristics Gustavo F. Tondello and Dr. Lennart E. Nacke 2
- 3. Background (1) Dimension Octalysis (Chou, 2015) HEXAD (Marczewski, 2015) RECIPE (Nicholson, 2014) KEG (Kappen & Nacke, 2013) Super Better (McGonigal, 2015) MDL (Deterding, 2015) Purpose & Meaning ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Challenge & Competence ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Completeness & Mastery ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Autonomy & Creativity ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Relatedness ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Immersion ✓ ✓ ✓ CHI 2017 - Applying Gameful Design Heuristics Gustavo F. Tondello and Dr. Lennart E. Nacke 3
- 4. Background (2) Dimension Octalysis (Chou, 2015) HEXAD (Marczewski, 2015) RECIPE (Nicholson, 2014) KEG (Kappen & Nacke, 2013) Super Better (McGonigal, 2015) MDL (Deterding, 2015) Ownership & Rewards ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Unpredictability ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Scarcity ✓ Loss Avoidance ✓ Feedback ✓ ✓ Change & Disruption ✓ CHI 2017 - Applying Gameful Design Heuristics Gustavo F. Tondello and Dr. Lennart E. Nacke 4
- 5. Intrinsic Motivation Heuristics Motivational affordances related with the satisfaction of psychological needs CHI 2017 - Applying Gameful Design Heuristics Gustavo F. Tondello and Dr. Lennart E. Nacke 5 • Meaningful contribution • Information and reflection Purpose and Meaning • Increasing challenge • Onboarding • Self-challenge Challenge and Competence • Progressive goals • Achievement Completeness and Mastery • Choice • Self-expression • Freedom Autonomy and Creativity • Social interaction • Social cooperation • Social competition • Fairness Relatedness • Narrative • Perceived fun Immersion
- 6. Extrinsic Motivation Heuristics Motivational affordances that provide an outcome or value separated from the activity itself CHI 2017 - Applying Gameful Design Heuristics Gustavo F. Tondello and Dr. Lennart E. Nacke 6 • Virtual goods • Incentives • Virtual economy Ownership and Rewards • Status • Exclusivity Scarcity • Urgency • Loss of rewards Loss Avoidance
- 7. Context Dependent Heuristics Motivational affordances that can provide either intrinsic or extrinsic motivation, depending on contextual factors CHI 2017 - Applying Gameful Design Heuristics Gustavo F. Tondello and Dr. Lennart E. Nacke 7 • Clear and immediate • Actionable • Graspable Feedback • Varied challenges • Varied rewards Unpredictability • Innovation • Disruption control Change and Disruption
- 8. Using the Gameful Design Heuristics 1. Familiarize yourself with the application 2. Use the heuristics checklist (handout) 3. For each heuristic: a. Familiarize yourself with the heuristic b. Think about the supporting questions in relation to the app c. If you identify any issue in the app related to the heuristic, write it down 4. Finally, count the number of issues identified for each category to identify those with more issues CHI 2017 - Applying Gameful Design Heuristics Gustavo F. Tondello and Dr. Lennart E. Nacke 8
- 9. Practice Evaluate the Duolingo app using the Gameful Design Heuristics www.duolingo.com CHI 2017 - Applying Gameful Design Heuristics Gustavo F. Tondello and Dr. Lennart E. Nacke 9
- 10. Gameful Design Heuristics gamefuldesign.hcigames.com Gustavo F. Tondello, Dennis L. Kappen, Elisa D. Mekler, Marim Ganaba, and Lennart E. Nacke. 2016. Heuristic Evaluation for Gameful Design. In Proceedings of the 2016 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play Extended Abstracts – CHI PLAY EA ’16. ACM. doi:10.1145/2968120.2987729 CHI 2017 - Applying Gameful Design Heuristics Gustavo F. Tondello and Dr. Lennart E. Nacke 10
- 11. References Yu-kai Chou. 2015. Actionable Gamification - Beyond Points, Badges, and Leaderboards. Octalysis Media. Alt.: yukaichou.com/gamification-examples/octalysis-complete-gamification-framework/ Sebastian Deterding. 2015. The Lens of Intrinsic Skill Atoms: A Method for Gameful Design. Human- Computer Interaction 30, 3-4: 294–335. doi.org/10.1080/07370024.2014.993471 Dennis L. Kappen and Lennart E. Nacke. 2013. The Kaleidoscope of Effective Gamification: Deconstructing Gamification in Business Applications. Proceedings of Gamification 2013. ACM, 119– 122. doi.org/10.1145/2583008.2583029 Andrzej Marczewski. 2015. User Types. In Even Ninja Monkeys Like to Play: Gamification, Game Thinking & Motivational Design. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 69–84. Alt.: http://www.gamified.uk/user-types/ Jane McGonigal. 2015. SuperBetter: A Revolutionary Approach to Getting Stronger, Happier, Braver and More Resilient. Penguin Books. Scott Nicholson. 2014. A RECIPE for Meaningful Gamification. In Gamification in Education and Business, T. Reiners and L. C. Wood (eds.). Springer, 1–20. doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10208-5 CHI 2017 - Applying Gameful Design Heuristics Gustavo F. Tondello and Dr. Lennart E. Nacke 11