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Contents
13
DNP3 or similar
Master configuration
IP = 192.168.0.120
Phase A voltage = AI 27
Breaker status = DI 59
Comparison
• Addresses must match
• Address assignments are project specific
• Address does not imply ”functionality”
• Address does not enforce restrictions
• Address entry can be time consuming
• Quality bits and time stamps only
available if supported by protocol
IEC 61850
Client configuration
• Read .cid file of ABB relay
• Mapping of Phase A voltage to
Device/MMXU1.V.phsA.mag.f[MX] instead of “AI 27”
• Mapping of breaker status to
Device/XCBR.Pos.stVal[ST] instead of ”DI 52”
Comparison
• Data exchanged based on functional names and
constraints as per .cid file
• The functional names make the mapping self-
explanatory
• Quality bits, time stamp, measurement units, and
numerous other attributes built-in
Read AI 27
Return AI 27
Read Device/MMXU1.V.phsA.mag.f[MX]
Return Device/MMXU1.V.phsA.mag.f[MX]
IEC 61850 Comparison with DNP3](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/introduction-to-iec-61850-basics-r2chi-carnegie-250313174920-db70a5cb/85/Introduction-to-IEC-61850-Basics-R2_Chi-Carnegie-pdf-13-320.jpg)
Introduction-to-IEC-61850-Basics-R2_Chi-Carnegie.pdf
- 1. Return to Contents The information disclosed herein is considered confidential and/or proprietary to NovaTech. Neither this document nor any information disclosed herein shall be reproduced or transferred in any manner, in whole or in part, or used or disclosed to others for any purpose whatsoever, except as specifically authorized in writing by an authorized representative of NovaTech. Copyright© 2018 NovaTech LLC. All rights reserved. Return to Contents Introduction to IEC 61850 Basics
- 2. Return to Contents 2 Return to Contents What is IEC 61850? IEC 61850 is the international standard for defining devices within substation automation systems and how they interact with one another.
- 3. Return to Contents 3 Return to Contents What is the purpose of IEC 61850? Provide platform for designing, integrating and maintaining substation equipment to do the following: – Communications – Protection – Control – Automation – Measurements – Recording – Monitoring
- 4. Return to Contents 4 Return to Contents Goals of IEC 61850 Standardize – Design – Language – Services – Protocol – Configuration – Substation Information – Device Information – Device Services – Naming Convention – Fault Records – Conformance Tests
- 5. Return to Contents 5 Return to Contents Features of IEC 61850 • Self description capability (supports Interrogation) • Fast peer-to-peer communication for tripping, blocking, interlocking • Reduction of hard-wired connections • Reporting features
- 6. Return to Contents 6 Return to Contents Why should we consider using IEC 61850? • It could reduce the costs engineering design, installation, commissioning and maintenance • Allowing adding of new equipment and configuration of new equipment to be easier • Reduced wiring costs - bay devices communicate using Ethernet not copper wire
- 7. Return to Contents 7 Return to Contents IEC 61850 Standard 1. Introduction and Overview 2. Glossary 3. General Requirements 4. System and Project Management 5. Communication Requirements 6. Configuration Language for Communication in Electrical Substations related to IEDs 7. Basic Communication Structure 8. Specific Communication Service Mapping – Mapping to Manufacturing Message Specification 9. Specific Communication Service Mapping - Sample Measured Values 10. Conformance Test
- 8. Return to Contents 8 Return to Contents Substation Architecture Control Center Relays Bay Controller Meters Relays Bay Controller Meters Ethernet TCP/IP IEC 61850 standard has Substation Configuration Language (SCL) that describes how all these components connect and interact with one another.
- 9. Return to Contents 9 Return to Contents SCL Applications • Allow vendors to specify IED capabilities • Allow users to easily configure IEC 61850 client without having a point list • Allow export and import of IED configuration to various apps and tools
- 10. Return to Contents 10 Return to Contents What are SCL Files? XML (Extensible Markup Language )based files. The main ones are: SSD: System Specification Description • Describes the entire system. SCD: Substation Configuration Description • Describes a single substation. ICD: IED Capability Description. • Describes complete capabilities supported by an IED. CID: Configured IED Description • Configuration for a specific IED.
- 11. Return to Contents 11 Return to Contents Difference between ICD and CID Files
- 12. Return to Contents 12 IEC 61850 File Types
- 13. Return to Contents 13 DNP3 or similar Master configuration IP = 192.168.0.120 Phase A voltage = AI 27 Breaker status = DI 59 Comparison • Addresses must match • Address assignments are project specific • Address does not imply ”functionality” • Address does not enforce restrictions • Address entry can be time consuming • Quality bits and time stamps only available if supported by protocol IEC 61850 Client configuration • Read .cid file of ABB relay • Mapping of Phase A voltage to Device/MMXU1.V.phsA.mag.f[MX] instead of “AI 27” • Mapping of breaker status to Device/XCBR.Pos.stVal[ST] instead of ”DI 52” Comparison • Data exchanged based on functional names and constraints as per .cid file • The functional names make the mapping self- explanatory • Quality bits, time stamp, measurement units, and numerous other attributes built-in Read AI 27 Return AI 27 Read Device/MMXU1.V.phsA.mag.f[MX] Return Device/MMXU1.V.phsA.mag.f[MX] IEC 61850 Comparison with DNP3
- 14. Return to Contents 14 Physical enclosure A physical device has at least one logical device. Type of node (measurement, circuit breaker, etc.) Switch position Position, quality, etc. Actual value IEC 61850 Information Structure
- 15. Return to Contents 15 IEC 61850 Information Structure
- 16. Return to Contents 16 Return to Contents Logical Devices Each device in a substation is a logical device. In the below diagram the logical devices are the RTU, Bay Controllers, Relays and Meters. When configuring IEC 61850 for a substation, each logical device should have a unique name. Relays Bay Controller Meters Relays Bay Controller Meters Ethernet TCP/IP
- 17. Return to Contents 17 Each Logical Device will support various functions. Each function can be categorized into Logical Nodes. Below example, are Logical Nodes break outs for two Logical Devices. archiving metering Logical Nodes
- 19. Return to Contents 19 Logical Node Classes – System LNs
- 20. Return to Contents 20 Return to Contents Logical Node Classes – Protection
- 21. Return to Contents 21 Return to Contents Logical Node Classes – Generic
- 22. Return to Contents 22 Return to Contents Logical Node Classes – Interfacing and Archiving
- 23. Return to Contents 23 Logical Node Classes – Metering and Measurement
- 24. Return to Contents 24 Logical Node Classes – Instrument Transformer and Sensor
- 25. Return to Contents 25 Logical Node Classes – Switchgear
- 27. Return to Contents 27 Return to Contents Example: Data Objects for XCBR Logical Node
- 28. Return to Contents 28 Example: Data Objects for XCBR Logical Node
- 30. Return to Contents 30 Many logical nodes have data objects with the same data attributes. For example, discrete input variables all have the following data attributes • Value • Quality • Timestamp • Description IEC 61850 has defined standard groups of data attributes which are called Common Data Classes (CDC). Each data object of a logical node belongs to a CDC. IEC 61850 Common Data Classes
- 31. Return to Contents 31 IEC 61850 Common Data Classes
- 32. Return to Contents 32 Return to Contents Data Attributes Example for Digital Inputs
- 33. Return to Contents 33 Return to Contents Data Attributes Example for Analog Inputs
- 34. Return to Contents 34 Return to Contents Data Attributes Example for Digital Outputs
- 35. Return to Contents 35 Return to Contents Data Attributes Example for Analog Outputs
- 36. Return to Contents 36 Functional Constraint Description Services ST MX Process values: status, measurand Read, substitute, report, log CO SP Process commands: binary, analog (setpoints) Operate OR Operate Received Operate CF DC Configuration, description Read, write (report, log) SG SE Parameters, in settings groups (SG: active value, SE: editable value) GetSGValue, SetSG Value CB related Each CB type GetxxxCBValues, SetxxxCBValues IEC 61850 Functional Constraints Functional Contraints is a property of a data attribute that characterizes the specific use of the attribute
- 37. Return to Contents 37 Return to Contents IEC 61850 Information Structure Recap MMXU: Measurement MX: Measurand Data Object: Ground to Phase Voltage Sub Data Objects: Phase A, Complex Value, Angle Data Attributes: Floating point
- 38. Return to Contents 38 Return to Contents CID Example
- 39. Return to Contents 39 Return to Contents MMS and GOOSE Protocol within IEC 61850 MMS: • Manufacturing Message Specification • International standard dealing with messaging systems for transferring real-time process data and supervisory control information • Similar to standard DNP3 Master polling DNP3 Slave for real-time data GOOSE: • Generic Object Oriented Substation Events • data is directly embedded into Ethernet data packets and works on a subscription mechanism on multicast or broadcast MAC addresses • uses VLAN and priority tagging to have separate virtual network within the same physical network and sets appropriate message priority level • Enhanced retransmission mechanisms - The same GOOSE message is retransmitted with varying and increasing re-transmission intervals.
- 40. Return to Contents 40 Data set • A data set in IEC 61850 is a list of variables that can be observed and transmitted together in a more efficient manner. • Data sets are used to define variables that can be transferred via MMS read and write services, reporting (mapped to MMS information reports) or GOOSE. IEC 61850 Data Set
- 41. Return to Contents 41 Reports • Reports are unsolicited data messages sent by the server. • The sending of reports is triggered by preconfigured events. • Triggers can e.g.be if the value or quality of a variable in the monitored data set changes. • In unbuffered reporting, events will not be logged and reported if the associated client for the unbuffered report control block is not connected. • In buffered reporting, events will be logged for a specific amount of time and sent later when the client is connected again. IEC 61850 Report Control Blocks
- 42. Return to Contents 42 IEC 61850 Unbuffered Reporting – Sent only once, lost if client is down
- 43. Return to Contents 43 IEC 61850 Buffered Reporting – Stored until client sends acknowledgement
- 44. Return to Contents 44 • Intended to replace relay-to-relay wiring • Reduces wiring • High speed <4ms • High reliability by automatic retransmission • Ideal for interlocking IEC 61850 GOOSE Reporting – Publisher sends to multiple Subscribers
- 45. Return to Contents 45 Feature Modbus DNP3 IEC 61850 Polling Yes Yes Yes Report by exception (initiated by slave/server) No Yes ”Unsolicited” Yes “Buffered RCB” “Unbuffered RCB” Data broadcast to multiple recipients No No Yes “GOOSE” messages from “Publisher” to “Subscribers” Quality bits No Yes Yes, multiple • Overflow • Out of range • Failure • Old data • Inaccurate Timestamp No Yes Yes IEC 61850 Comparison – Data Exchange Types
- 46. Return to Contents 46 Return to Contents Thank you, Questions? Chi Carnegie Senior Sales Engineer Power Products NovaTech, LLC 13555 W 107th St, Lenexa, KS 66215 408-636-8443 Chi.Carnegie@novatechweb.com www.novatechweb.com