Introduction to Medical Technology
- 1. Introduction To Medical Technology Lecture 1 Medical Laboratories Kelly Morgan
- 2. INTRODUCTION: In the eara of modern technology, health care delivery system involves so many different personnel and specialties that the caregiver must have an understanding and working knowledge of other professional endeavors, including the role of diagnostic evaluation.Basically, laboratory and diagnostic tests are tools by and of themselves, they are not therapeutic.In conjunction with a pertinent history and physical examination, these tests can confirm a diagnosis or provide valuable information about a patient status and response to therapy.In addition to these, laboratory findings are essential for epidemiological surveillance and research purposes.
- 3. Contd If the entire network of a laboratory service is to be effectively utilized and contribute to health care and disease prevention, every member of its work force need to:Understand the role of the laboratory and its contribution to the nation’s health service;Appreciate the need to involve all members in the provision of health service;Follow professional ethics and code of conduct;Experience job satisfaction and have professional loyalty.
- 6. What Is Medical Laboratory Science? Medicallaboratoryscienceistheuseofclinicallaboratoryteststo detect,diagnose,monitorandtreatdisease.Blood,tissueandbody fluidscanbechemicallyanalyzedandexaminedforforeign organismsandabnormalities.Thisinformationisthenusedbythe medicalteamtomakedecisionsregardingapatient'smedicalcare. 85%ofallmedicaldecisionsarebasedontheresultsofclinical laboratorytesting.
- 7. Laboratory Tests What are lab tests? Laboratorytestsaremedicalproceduresthatinvolve testingsamplesofblood,urine,orothertissuesor substancesinthebody.Whydoesyourdoctoruselab tests?Yourdoctoruseslaboratoryteststo help:Identifychangesinyourhealthconditionbefore anysymptomsoccur.Diagnoseadiseaseorcondition evenbeforeyouhavesymptomsPlanyourtreatment foradiseaseorconditionEvaluateyourresponsetoa treatment,orMonitorthecourseofadiseaseovertime
- 8. Laboratory Tests Many factors affect test results. These include: Yoursex,age Whatyoueatanddrink Medicinesyoutake Howwellyoufollowedpre-testinstructions Whatdolabtestsshow? Labtestsshowwhetherornotyourresultsfallwithinnormal ranges. Normaltestvaluesareusuallygivenasarange,ratherthanas aspecificnumber,becausenormalvaluesvaryfromperson toperson.
- 9. Role of medical/Clinical laboratory science in Health Care
- 10. Role of medical/Clinical laboratory science in Health Care: Themedicallaboratoryservicesplayapivotalroleinthepromotion, curativeandpreventiveaspectsofanation’shealthdelivery system.Theservicegivesascientificfoundationbyprovidingaccurate informationtothosewiththeresponsibilityfor:Treatingpatientsand monitoringtheirresponsetotreatment,Monitoringthedevelopment andspreadofinfectiousanddangerouspathogens(diseasecausing organisms),Decidingeffectivecontrolmeasuresagainstmajor prevalentdisease,Decidinghealthprioritiesandallocatingresources.
- 11. WHY THE LABORATORY IS NEEDED IN HEALTH CARE: Theclinicallaboratorysciencehasanimportantroleinimproving the: Quality,Efficiency, Cost-effectiveness,Planningandmanagementofdistricthealth care.
- 12. Structure of medical/Clinical laboratory services: Alaboratoryservicenetworkconsistsof:Communitybasedprimary healthcarelaboratoryDistricthospitallaboratoryRegionalhospital laboratoryCentralandpublichealthlaboratory
- 13. 1. Community based primary health care laboratory: Duties: Tosupportprimaryhealthcareininvestigating,controllingand preventingmajordiseasesinthecountry.Promotinghealthcarebyintegrated healtheducationMainactivitiesareto:Investigatebyreferralortestingon site,importantdiseasesandhealthproblemsaffectingthelocalcommunity. Suchinvestigationsusuallyincludebacterialdiseases,parasiticdiseasesand othercausesofillness.Assisthealthcareworkerindecidingtheseverityofa patient’sconditions.Collectandreferspecimensfortestingtothedistrict laboratory.Notifythedistricthospitalatanearlystageofanylaboratory resultsofpublichealthimportanceandsendspecimensforconfirmatory tests.
- 14. 2. District hospital laboratory: Duties:Inadditiontotheworksstatedabove,theselaboratorieshavean importantroleinsupervisingtheworkoftheperipheralcommunitybased laboratories,testingreferredspecimens,andperformingarangeoftests compatiblewiththeworkofdistricthospitalMainactivitiesareto:Perform arangeoftestsrelevanttothemedical,surgical,andpublichealth activitiesofthedistricthospital.
- 16. Thank you!