Introduction to Modern CPUS.ppt
- 1. Copyright © 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill Technology Education McGraw-Hill Technology Education Copyright © 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
- 2. Copyright © 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill Technology Education Chapter 5B Modern CPUs
- 3. 5B-3 A Look Inside The Processor • Architecture – Determines • Location of CPU parts • Bit size • Number of registers • Pipelines – Main difference between CPUs
- 4. Microcomputer Processors • Intel – Leading manufacturer of processors – Intel 4004 was worlds first microprocessor – IBM PC powered by Intel 8086 – Current processors • Centrino • Itanium • Pentium IV • Xeon
- 5. Microcomputer Processors • Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) – Main competitor to Intel – Originally produced budget products – Current products outperform Intel – Current processors • Sempron • Athlon FX 64 • Athlon XP
- 6. Microcomputer Processors • Freescale – A subsidiary of Motorola – Co-developed the Apple G4 PowerPC – Currently focuses on the Linux market
- 7. Microcomputer Processors • IBM – Historically manufactured mainframes – Partnered with Apple to develop G5 • First consumer 64 bit chip
- 8. Comparing Processors • Speed of processor • Size of cache • Number of registers • Bit size • Speed of Front side bus
- 9. Advanced Processor Topics • RISC processors – Reduced Instruction Set Computing – Smaller instruction sets – May process data faster – PowerPC and G5
- 10. Advanced Processor Topics • Parallel Processing – Multiple processors in a system – Symmetric Multiple Processing • Number of processors is a power of 2 – Massively Parallel Processing • Thousands of processors • Mainframes and super computers
- 11. Extending The Processors Power • Standard computer ports – Keyboard and mouse ports – USB ports – Parallel – Network – Modem – Audio – Serial – Video
- 13. Extending The Processors Power • Serial and parallel ports – Connect to printers or modems – Parallel ports move bits simultaneously • Made of 8 – 32 wires • Internal busses are parallel – Serial ports move one bit • Lower data flow than parallel • Requires control wires • UART converts from serial to parallel
- 16. Extending The Processors Power • SCSI – Small Computer System Interface – Supports dozens of devices – External devices daisy chain – Fast hard drives and CD-ROMs
- 17. Extending The Processors Power • USB – Universal Serial Bus – Most popular external bus – Supports up to 127 devices – Hot swappable
- 18. Extending the Processors Power • FireWire – IEEE 1384 – Cameras and video equipment – Hot swappable – Port is very expensive
- 19. Extending the Processors Power • Expansion slots and boards – Allows users to configure the machine – Slots allow the addition of new devices – Devices are stored on cards – Computer must be off before inserting
- 20. Extending the Processors Power • PC Cards – Expansion bus for laptops – PCMCIA – Hot swappable – Small card size – Three types, I, II and III – Type II is most common
- 21. Extending the Processors Power • Plug and play – New hardware detected automatically – Prompts to install drivers – Non-technical users can install devices
- 22. Copyright © 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill Technology Education Chapter 5B End of Chapter