Introduction to OpenNetwork and SDN
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The document provides an overview of Open Networking and Software-Defined Networking (SDN), detailing the concepts of open-source networking, the Open Compute Project, and the architecture of SDN. It introduces various components such as Open Network Operating System (ONOS), Open vSwitch (OVS), and Mininet, while discussing their roles in network virtualization and management. Additionally, it highlights the importance of the Open Networking Foundation (ONF) and its ecosystem, which consists of a diverse consortium of operators and innovators driving transformation in network infrastructure.
Introduction to OpenNetwork and SDN
- 1. INTRODUCTION OPEN NETWORKING AND SDN HUNG-WEI CHIU LINKER NETWORKS.INC
- 2. WHO AM I • Hung-Wei Chiu (邱宏瑋) • hwchiu@linkernetworks.com • hwchiu.com • Experience • Software Engineer at Linker Netowrks • Software Engineer at Synology (2014~2017) • Co-Found of SDNDS-TW • Open Source experience • SDN related projects (mininet, ONOS, Floodlight, awesome-sdn)
- 3. OUTLINE • Before SDN • Open Source Networking • Open Compute Project • What is SDN and ONF • Experiment • ONOS • OVS • Mininet
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- 7. OPEN COMPUTER PROJECT • OCP • Founded 2011 • Global community for Open IT hardware Network Storage Telco Data Center Server Open Rack Hardware Management
- 9. OCP, NETWORKING (SCOPE) • Fully disaggregated and open networking HW & SW • Operating System – Linux based operating system & developer tools, and ReST API’s • Fully automated configuration management & bare metal provisioning • Universal & Multi-Form Factor Switch motherboard hardware • Fully open integration & connectivity • Energy efficient power & cooling designs • Software Defined Networking (SDN)
- 10. SUB PROJECTS • Subprojects of OCP Networking • Open Network Install Environment (ONIE) • Open Network Linux (ONL)
- 11. EXAMPLE: WEDGE 100 Facebook Design CPU intel/AMD/… ASIC Broadcom/Mellanox/… Hardware Software NOS: Open Network Linux Forwarding Agent: FBOSS BMC: OpenBMC Switch as a Server
- 12. OCP NETWORKING SOFTWARE • Switch Abstraction Interface – SAI • Define API to provide a vendor-independent way of controlling forwarding elements, such as a switching ASIC, and NPU or a software switch in a uniform manner. • Open Network Linux – ONL • Linux distribution (Debian) with added driver and configuration for running bare metal switches. • Open Optical Monitoring – OOM • Contents of optical module EEEROM accessible to python programmers. • Open Network Install Environment – ONIE • Open install environment for bare metal network switch • ONIE enable a bare metal network switch ecosystem where end users have a choice among different network operation systems
- 13. BUILDING ON BARE METAL Bare metal switch Bare metal switch U-Boot & ONIE Bare metal switch U-Boot & ONIE Network OS Bare metal switch U-Boot & ONIE Network OS Application Bare metal switch Bare metal server U-Boot & PXE Bare metal server U-Boot & PXE Linux,Windows, etc Bare metal server U-Boot & PXE Linux,Windows, etc Application Server Switch
- 14. ONIE
- 17. • White Box = Hardware + ONIE • Open Networking = Apps + NOS +White Box
- 18. ONIE
- 19. WHITE BOX SWITCH MODEL Switch Data Plane Control Plane Applications Switch Data Plane Switch Data Plane Linux OS Applications Switch Control Plane Applications Control Protocol Traditional Switch SDN-based System Open Networking Switch
- 20. SDN • Software-Defined Networking (SDN) • The physical separation of the network control plane from the forwarding plane, and where a control plane controls several devices.
- 21. THE SDN ARCHITECTURE • DIRECTLY PROGRAMMABLE • AGILE • CENTRALLY MANAGED • PROGRAMMATICALLY CONFIGURED • OPEN STANDARDS-BASED AND VENDOR-NEUTRAL
- 22. BASIC MODEL OF SDN • Service Customer • Manage-control network services via SDN controller • Send/receive data using network resources. • Network/Service Provider
- 23. BASIC MODEL OF SDN
- 24. ONF • Open Networking Foundation • Non-profit organization • Led consortium driving transformation of network infrastructure. • Serves as the umbrella for a number of projects building solutions • Leveraging network disaggregation • White box economics • Open source software • Software defined standards
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- 29. THE ECOSYSTEM • 200+ Members Strong Vibrant Operator Led Consortium Positioned for Success • PARTNER • COLLABORATING INNOVATOR • INNOVATOR • COLLABORATOR
- 30. THE ECOSYSTEM Partner Innovator 110+ VolunteerVolunteers Collaborator Operators (7) Vendors (10) 70+ 100s ONF (& Stanford) Guru Parulkar Network Operators AT&T Andre Fuetsch – CTO Google Urs Hölzle – SVP NTT Comm Dai Kashiwa – Director Comcast Rob Howald– VP Verizon Srini Kalapala – VP China Unicom Shao Guanglu - SVP Research & Vendor Community Nick McKeown Stanford Fabian Schneider NEC New ONF Board Including 14 Operators: Argela/Turk Telecom Microsoft China Mobile Swisscom SK Telecom Telecom Italia ECI Telecom Telefonica Facebook TELUS Globe Telecom Vodafone Goldman Sachs Yahoo
- 31. ONF’S SCOPE Disaggregated boxes: Packet switch, ROADM, eNodeB, OLT, RAN … Programmable Forwarding Plane Open Source: ONAP, Open-O, Open Source MANO Global Orchestrators NewONF ScopeofFocus Control Plane ONOS Control (OpenFlow, P4) Config (NetConf/Yang, OpenConfig) Alternative Controllers (e.g. ODL) Solutions Platforms M- CORD R- CORD E-CORD CORDVNFs Alternative VNF Frameworks (e.g. OPNFV) Service APIs: TOSCA, RESTful Network Intent-Based APIs Standards & Interworking APIs
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- 33. THE REAL SOFTWARE ABOUT SDN • SDN Controller • ONOS • The Switch • Software switch: Open vSwitch • Testing • Network emulator: mininet
- 34. ONOS CARRIER-GRADE OPEN NETWORKING OPERATING SYSTEM 34
- 35. WHAT IS ONOS? • Open Network Operating System (ONOS) • An open source SDN network operation system • SDN controller
- 36. CONTROL & DATA PLANE DISAGGREGATION
- 37. ONF ONOS BGP BMv2 ISIS Lisp Netconf OpenFlow OSPF OVSDB PCEP REST SNMP TL1
- 38. ARCHITECTURAL TENETS • High-availability, scalability and performance • Strong abstractions and simplicity to develops apps and solutions • Protocol and device behavior independence • Separation of concerns and modularity
- 39. WHAT IS OPENFLOW
- 40. OPENFLOW • Appear in 2008 • The most famous northbound API in SDN • OpenFlow not equal SDN • Just a communication protocol in SDN. • Defined how control plan talk to forward plan.
- 42. OPENFLOW RULE L2 headers L3 headers L4 headersSwitch port ● Forward/Flood ● Drop ● Modify header ● Local ● Forward to Controller Packer bytes/counts Match Action Statistics
- 43. L2 FORWARDING src_MAC L3 headers L4 headersSwitch port dst_MAC Action * * 00:11:32:aa:bb:cc * * Forward port 6 src_MAC L3 headers L4 headersSwitch port dst_MAC Action * * * * * Normal
- 44. L3 FORWARDING L2 headers dst_ip L4 headersSwitch port src_ip Action 1 * 140.113.123.234 140.114.123.234 * Forward port 4
- 45. FIREWALL L2 headers src_tcp_port dst_tcp_portSwitch port L3 headers Action 1 * * * 22 Drop
- 46. OPENVSWITCH • So,What is Open vSwith and Why we need it ?
- 47. HISTORY • 2008 • First paper about OpenFlow (SDN) • OpenFlow: enabling innovation in campus networks • Nick McKeown setup a Nicira company • Open vSwitch + OpenFlow = NVP (NetworkVirtualization Platform)
- 48. HISTORY • 2012 • VMWare buy Nicira • NVP become the NSX
- 49. INTRODUCTION • Hypervisors need to bridge traffic. • We can use Linux bridge do it. • So,Why do we need Open vSwitch • Targeted multi-server virtualization. • Responding to network dynamics • Maintenance of logical tags • Hardware integration
- 50. FEATURES • IPv6 • LACP • Three mode (balance-scp/tcp, active/passive) • STP/RSTP • VLAN • Overlay Network • VXLan/GRE/Geneve/NVGRE • OpenFlow • OVSDB • DPDK
- 51. COMPARE • Open vSwitchV.S Linux Bridge • Architecture • Featues
- 52. SYSTEMVIEW User Space Kernel Space ovs-vsctl ovs- dpctl ovs- ofctl OpenvSwitch eth0 eth1 L2 forwarding L3 routing ACL/Firewall NAT/Port forwarding
- 53. ALL IN ONE • Iptables/ebtables won’t work anymore • Packet won’t pass netfilter now. • Use Openflow to control packets. • Also support some complicated operation in native port (without openflow) • VLAN • Bonding • Overlay network
- 54. HOW OPENVSWITCH WORKS. • Control Packets by OpenFlow • Support different port types • Bonding • Overlay netwokrs • VLAN/MPLS • Some features support by linux kernel • Traffic Control (Queue) • Conntrack • NAT
- 55. WHO CONTROL RULES • For OpenvSwitch, you can use following approaches • Command line tool • ovs-ofctl add-flows • Openflow controller • Push openflow rules via tcp
- 56. COMMAND LINE • ovs-ofctl add-flow br1 “xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx” • ovs-ofctl add-flows br1 filename • You can put all flows in a file and inert them at once. • ovs-ofctl del-flows br1 “xxxxxxx”
- 57. SDN CONTROLLER • SDN Brain • Centralized control all SDN network devices. • Communicate with network devices via northbound API • OpenFlow/SNMP/OVSDB/NetConf/gRPC • OpenFlow != SDN again.
- 58. Rules Data Plane Network Devices (OVS) Controller (ONOS) NAT RoutingFirewall Rules Data Plane Network Devices (OVS) Rules Data Plane Network Devices (OVS) Control Plane
- 59. OPENVSWITCH • Support connection mode • Standalone • Without Controller, OVS has a default rules. • Controller • Need to setup controller’s IP:Port
- 60. STANDALONE MODE • Default rules is • Match: any • Do: action:Normal • Normal means L2 forwarding. • Open vSwitch will be same as the Linux Bridge if it’s in standalone mode.
- 61. HOW TO USE OPENVSWITCH • Create ovs bridge (we call it datapath) • ovs-vsctl add-br br0 • Attach existing port to OVS • ovs-vsctl add-port br0 eth0 • Dump flows • ovs-ofctl dump-flows br0
- 63. WHAT • Mininet is a network emulator • Mininiet create a realistic virtul network, running real kernel, switch and application code, on a single machine (VM, cloud or natvie)
- 64. WHAT(COND’T) switch switch switch switch switch switch switch Leaf Spne
- 66. MININET switch switch switch switch switch switch switch Linux Host
- 67. WHY • For Developer • Testing controller • Testing applications • Testing before deploy • Compare to real environment • Flexible • Scalable
- 68. HOW IT WORKS • Run many OpenvSwitch in your host. • Also run many hosts in your host (network namespace) • Connect all of them • Network topology.
- 69. EXPERIMENT • Combine the Mininet + ONOS in oneVM
- 70. RESET • Reset your environment and start the ONOS controller • Click ONOS GUI
- 71. MININET • Click the miniet icon to simulate a network topology and connect all switches to ONOS controller. • Switch to the ONOS GUI and you can see six switches there. • Use ‘l’ to show the switch id. • In the mininet terminal, type h11 ping h41 • In the ONOS Gui, type ‘h’ to show host.
- 72. ONOS • Click the ONOS terminal icon to start ONOS CLI • Type “apps –a –s “ to see all activated applications. • Type “app activate org.onosproject.fwd” to enable forwarding function for ONOS. • Back to miniet prompt and you can see the ping works now. • You can also see second hosts on ONOS GUI.
- 73. MININT • Useful command • links • link s2 s11 down (down the link and you can see that change it ONOS GUI) • nodes • node name + ${common command} • h11 ifconfig • iperf h11 h4 • Use iperf to generate traffic.
- 74. ONOS • Commands • Show devices • devices • Show links • links • Show know hosts • hosts • Show flow rules • flows • Show shortest paths between each node • Paths {node1} {node2}
- 75. OVS • You can also create new tab and type following command to see ovs status. • sudo ovs-vsctl show • sudo ovs-ofctl dump-flows s11
- 76. SDNDS + CLOUD NATIVE USER GROUP • Do you have interested in • SDN • Ceph • OpenStack • Kubernetes • Join this meetup to learn more about. • https://www.meetup.com/Cloud-Native-User-Group-Taiwan/events/245495423/
- 77. MEETUP • 12/23 at NTU • Free • 08:30 ~ 17:00
- 79. Q&A