Programming involves the study of computer languages like Visual Basic which is a tool created by Microsoft to build graphical user interface applications in a user-friendly way. Key programming concepts include flowcharts, algorithms, variables, loops, and operators. A flowchart uses graphics to represent the step-by-step instructions to solve a problem. An algorithm is a set of instructions to solve a problem. Variables store data in memory. Loops repeat an action until a condition is met. Operators perform logical and mathematical operations.