Introduction to Project Managment a busin
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The document provides an introduction to project management, covering definitions, key concepts, and the project cycle in the public sector. It outlines the characteristics of projects, management roles, and methods to measure effectiveness, alongside a detailed explanation of project identification, preparation, appraisal, and implementation processes. Additionally, it emphasizes the role of various committees and bodies involved in project approval and financing within the planning commission framework.
Introduction to Project Managment a busin
- 1. Introduction to Project Management DR. ATIQ UR REHMAN, ATIQ787@GMAIL.COM
- 2. Contents 12/04/2024 2 Theoretical Framework 1 Project Cycle 2 PM in Public Sector 3 Planning Commission 4
- 4. What is a project? • Oxford Dictionary defines project as • an individual or collaborative enterprise that is carefully planned to achieve a particular aim.
- 5. • According to PMBOK 7th Ed: • A temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result. • The temporary nature of projects indicates a beginning and an end to the project work or a phase of the project work. • Projects can stand alone or be part of a program or portfolio.
- 6. Common characteristics of projects A clear goal or objective A defined scope of work A limited time frame A team of people working together A budget A set of risks and challenges A plan for managing the project
- 7. What is Management? Planning: Setting objectives and determining the best course of action to achieve them. Organizing: Arranging resources and tasks in a structured way to implement the plan. Leading: Motivating and directing people to work towards the organization’s goals. Controlling: Monitoring and evaluating progress to ensure that goals are being met and making necessary adjustments.
- 8. Measuring management effectiveness • You get what you measure… • How to measure management effectiveness?
- 9. Measuring management effectiveness Revenue Growth: Increase in sales and market share. Profit Margins: Improvement in profitability. Employee Turnover Rates: Reduction in turnover and associated costs. Customer Satisfaction Scores: Improvement in customer feedback and loyalty. Operational Efficiency: Reduction in costs and time to complete tasks.
- 10. Measuring management effectiveness in the public sector? Increase in the value of service delivery Increase in the value for money (vfm) Employee Turnover Rates: Reduction in turnover and associated costs. Customer Satisfaction Scores: Improvement in customer feedback and loyalty. Operational Efficiency: Reduction in costs and time to complete tasks.
- 11. What is PM? • The application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities to meet project requirements.
- 12. What does PM include? Setting goals Defining the scope of work Scheduling tasks Allocating resources Monitoring progress
- 13. 12/04/2024 PM Knowledge Areas Scope Mgt Schedule Mgt Cost Mgt Quality Mgt Resource Mgt Communication Mgt Procurement Mgt Risk Mgt Stakeholder Mgt Integration Mgt
- 14. How to assess the success of any project? • ???
- 15. Value • The worth, importance, or usefulness of something. • Different stakeholders perceive value in different ways.
- 16. Customers Customers can define value as the ability to use specific features or functions of a product Organization Organizations can focus on business value as determined with financial metrics, such as the benefits less the cost of achieving those benefits. Society Societal value can include the contribution to groups of people, communities, or the environment.
- 18. 2. Project Cycle and PM in Public Sector
- 19. Project Cycle 12/04/2024 19 Identification Implementation Ex-post Evaluation Preparation Appraisal & approval Financing PC-III PC-IV Monitoring & Evaluation PC-V Feasibility study (PC-II) Project plan (PC-I)
- 20. PC-Proformas • PC-I • PC-II • PC-III • PC-IV • PC-V
- 22. Project identification 12/04/2024 22 • Approaches • Problem based approach • Weaknesses • Threats • Positives approach • Strengths • Opportunities
- 23. Project Concept Note (PCN) • PCN is mandatory • PCN includes • the estimated expenditure and • source of funding for project preparation etc. • PCN is cleared by the concerned Member of Planning Commission
- 24. Feasibility study • The requirement of the PC-II shall also not apply to R&D projects • PC may issue guidelines for feasibility studies
- 25. Project Preparation “well begun is half done”
- 26. Preparation 12/04/2024 26 • PC-I – infrastructure sector • PC-I – social sector • PC-I – production sector
- 27. • PFM Act 2019 • “14.(1) All development projects shall be prepared in conformity with procedures, processes and templates defined by the Planning Commission.”
- 28. • 14(2) Cost and benefit analysis and risk assessment of all development project proposals, in excess of a threshold size prescribed by the Planning Commission, shall be undertaken
- 29. Project Appraisal and Approval
- 30. Quality Assurance of Project Proposals (PFM Act 2019) • “15.Quality assurance.— • Development project proposals which exceed in their total cost thresholds defined by the Planning Commission shall be subject to quality assurance. • Such quality assurance shall be undertaken by an individual/body which is independent of the sector/Ministry/Division that has initiated the preparation of the development project proposal.”
- 31. Appraisal 12/04/2024 31 • Technical • Social • Financial • Economic • Environmental • Organizational • …
- 32. Approval 12/04/2024 32 * With certain conditions Forum Approving Power DDWP Rs. 1 billion CDWP Rs. 7.5 billion ECNEC More than Rs. 7.5 billion Autonomous bodies* No limit Revised 13 Aug 2022
- 33. Financing 12/04/2024 33 • Priority Committees • Annual Plan Coordination Committee • National Economic Council • …
- 36. Project M&E
- 37. M&E 12/04/2024 37 • PC-IIIA – Targets for the year • PC-IIIB – Progress Reporting • PC-IV – Project Completion Report • PC-V – Post Project Annual Performance Report
- 38. M&E: legal obligation (PFM Act 2019) • “18. Monitoring and evaluation of development projects.—(l) Development projects shall be subject to the following forms of monitoring and evaluation, namely:— • (a) monitoring of progress during implementation; • (b) evaluation of the project on completion; and • (c) in case of the projects with a total cost exceeding a threshold to be set by the Planning Commission, an independent impact assessment within five years after completion of the projects.”
- 39. 3. Scope and working of PC & Provincial P&D Departments
- 40. Key Functions of PC • As defined in Rules of Business 1973 • Preparing National Plan, reviewing and evaluating its implementation. • Formulating Annual Plan and ADP. • M&E of major dev projects and programmes. • Stimulating preparation of sound projects in regions and sectors lacking adequate portfolio. • Evaluating the econ situation and coordinating economic policies and decision making
- 41. Composition of PC • PM, Minister, DC • 12 Members of PC • Coord/Secretary, Chief Economist/Member (Economic Policy/Planning), Impl & Monit, Private Sector Development, Competitiveness, Energy, Food Security, S&T and ICT, Development Communication, Climate Change, Infrastructure and Regional Connectivity, Social Sector and Devolution, Governance, Innovation and Reforms, and Research/PIDE,
- 43. National Economic Council • Apex economic and development policy forum • mandated by the Constitution, • Responsible for approval of • vision statements, • long-term perspective plans, • 5 years plans, • annual plans, / PSDP
- 45. Composition of NEC PM (chair) 4 Nominees of PM Ministers of planning, finance, commerce, communication CMs and one nominee of each 4 special invitees DCPC, Secretaries of Finance, EAD & Planning
- 46. The Executive Committee of NEC (ECNEC) • Sanctions development projects in PSDP (Federal/provincial) • that cost more than Rs. 7.5 billion. • Allows changes in the plans • Reviews policy issues relating to development projects/programs/plans • before submission to the NEC
- 47. Composition of ECNEC • 1. Deputy Chairman, Planning Commission • 2-3. Chairman, P&D Boards, Punjab, & Sindh • 4-7. ACS (Dev.), KP, Balochsitan, AJK & GB • 8-11. Representative of Finance, EAD, Climate Change, and Housing & Works • 12. Chairman, Pakistan Council of S&T • 13. Chief Statistician, PBS • 14. Relevant Federal Ministry (Secretary)
- 48. Central Development Working Party (CDWP) • Responsible for the scrutiny and approval of development projects • beyond the sanctioned limit of DDWP and up to 10 billion, • provincial projects having federal financing and/or foreign component, and federal projects having more than 25% of foreign component. • Chaired by the Deputy Chairman Planning Commission
- 49. • Others • Planning Commission and sr management • Special invitees
- 50. Federal Departmental Development Working Party (DDWP) • Has the power to approve PC-I or PCII of a project with cost up to Rs. 1,000 million • Chaired by the Secretary/Principal Accounting Officer of the administrative division concerned.
- 51. Development Working Party (DWP) • DWP includes public sector autonomous organizations which have the capacity to sanction their development schemes via self-financing based on specific requirements
- 52. Annual Plan Coordination Committee (APCC) • Reviews annual plans • Recommends the annual plan for submission to the NEC. • Chaired by the Minister PD&SI or the Deputy Chairman, Planning Commission.
- 53. Suggested Readings • Manual for Development Projects 2021 • https://www.pc.gov.pk/uploads/archives/Manual- Projects-2021.pdf • PRINCE2 Manual • PMBOK 6th and 7th Editions • Project Management for Non-Project Managers by Jack Ferraro
- 54. Thanks