Introduction to Slide Crafting
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The document provides a comprehensive guide to effective slide crafting, emphasizing the importance of clarity, structure, and audience engagement. It includes practical tips on using PowerPoint features, creating logical narratives, and designing visually appealing slides. Additionally, it outlines principles for effective communication and productivity in presentation design.
Introduction to Slide Crafting
- 1. INTRODUCTION TO SLIDE CRAFTING El No (노엘)
- 2. Topics 1. Slide and slide deck 2. Productivity 3. Efficacy 4. Tips & resources
- 3. #1 Slide and slide deck
- 4. Typical use cases of PowerPoint Reporting Lecture note Photo album Keynote speech Storing scripts Product manual Documentation Font size 2 File size 330 MB
- 5. Typical use cases of PowerPoint Reporting Lecture note Photo album Keynote speech Storing scripts Product manual Documentation PowerPoint is not always best option. Our aim is to try not to overuse/ misuse PowerPoint
- 6. Use PowerPoint only when it is considered to be the best medium Topical Narrative DescriptiveAnalytical Visualise ideas effectively Present ideas to the (large) audience Convey a compelling story Structure Approach news manual keynote documentary annual report sales pitch FTSE100 report catalogue Purposes of creating slides Types of communication
- 7. Don’t open PowerPoint too early
- 8. Take time and think about flow and logic of the story Facts Analyses Conclusions Recommendations Most people follow a problem-solving path that builds up to a set of recommendations
- 9. Take time and think about flow and logic of the story Facts Analyses Conclusions Recommendations Facts/analyses Actions/steps/ reasons Recommendations What should be done? How or why should it be done? How do you know the recommendations are sound? Most people follow a problem-solving path that builds up to a set of recommendations Communicating the solution is the inverse of the problem solving path Why should we write/ communicate backwards?
- 10. Imagine you are Ben and you get this from Chris. What is he trying to say? Ben, Remember last Saturday afternoon when we were playing in the park with my skateboard and you broke it by throwing down the hill? And also, on Sunday when you came to my house and my Mom made you a tuna fish sandwich for lunch and you said: “Yech! That’s the worst sandwich I ever ate!”? And yesterday, when I changed the channel on the TV, you kicked me and threatened to bite me? Well, for all of these reasons, I hate you, and I no longer want to be your friend. Chris (no subject) christopher.hilton@gmail.com
- 11. Ben, I HATE you. Here are my reasons: 1. You broke my skateboard 2. You insulted my mother 3. You scared me Chris His message would be clearer if he began by saying, “I hate you.” Main message or governing thought Reasons supporting the governing thought (no subject) christopher.hilton@gmail.com
- 12. In the second example, the hierarchy of Chris’ actual thoughts becomes more explicit Q: Why is Chris saying this? A: Because… Q: Why? A: Because… Chris hates Ben Ben broke Chris’ skateboard Ben insulted Chris’ mother Ben scared Chris These thoughts can be considered as a fictitious question-answer dialogue with the addressee
- 13. The Pyramid Structure: effective communication requires a logical structure that is easy to follow Introduction Main Message (Answer) 1 2 3 a b c a b a b c Key line: Governing thought: Supporting details: Situation: Relevant facts about the situation, facts the audience would not dispute Complication: The complicating event/ problem that create the tension in the story Key Question: The implicit question that results from the complication The answer to the question Major points which, taken together prove the answer Data and facts which support the key line
- 14. The Pyramid Structure: an example Is Jeju Island a recommended destination for tourists? Yes, It is. A lot of sights to see Calm and not crowded Affordable Nature Festivals Entertain ment Low populatio n Less cars Tax free zone No visa required Many cheap flights Why so? So what? Key Question
- 15. In the Pyramid Structure, the main message is supported by vertical and horizontal logic Introduction Main Message (Answer) 1 2 3 a b c a b a b c • Focus on the main message • The audience is much more interested in what the message is than in how the message was developed • The audience can absorb ideas and draw appropriate conclusions more easily in the context of the “big picture” • The base of the pyramid then supports the main message So What MECE, Same kind, Logical order Why so Summarises Summarises Summarises
- 16. Story-board 1. 2. 3. % ① ④ ⑦ “ ” “ ” ② ⑤ ⑧ ③ ⑥ ⑨ Build up the storyline based on the pyramid structure, then turn it into the story-board Storyline • Each page contains it’s own “main message” that ultimately maps back to the pyramid and the presentation’s main message • Stringing the topic sentences together should read like a well- reasoned essay Intro (SCQ) Key Line + Support
- 17. Each slide as well as slide deck tells just one piece of structured, logical story When developing any slide, consider the following questions: • How does this fit into the overall story we are trying to tell? • What are the key takeaways from this slide? Are they evident to the reader? • How relevant is this information? Is it extraneous or repeated elsewhere? Each slide in a deliverable serves a purpose: • Proves a hypothesis or supporting point • Frames an issue • Serves as a reference or repository for information critical to the overall story Headlines communicate horizontal logic • Series of “so what” key message statements that tell the a compelling story about the client’s situation, issues, and opportunities Body provides the vertical logic • Key proof-point(s) that supports the horizontal logic point of the slide • Necessary and sufficient support for each key message to explain why, or how, the message is true Slide format should be clean and draw the reader to the key point • Should pass the “first glance test” – can you tell the point of the slide within 8 seconds? Slide strategy Slide content Theory of a Slide
- 18. A slide must be CLEAR Relevance where does this fit into the presentation’s logic structure? Accuracy how are the facts (and any conclusions) being represented? Elegance what elements of design (e.g., proportions, symmetry) are captured in the material? Comprehensive does the material cover the whole story? Liveliness how visually appealing is the material?
- 19. And the format is critical to make the slide clearer and professional Headline, within 2 lines (Horizontal logic) Page # Legal disclaimer, Copyright, level of confidentiality Footer (e.g. source, notes, keys…) Text or iconic tracker, upper right corner Logo (Vertical logic) Tombstone Chart titles 1 2 3 Confidential Note: the granularityof analyses depend on data availabilityand completeness 8노엘
- 20. The template equipped with pre-formatted graphics and layouts are helpful for formatting to standard Roland Berger Graphics
- 22. Quick Access Toolbar helps streamline slide crafting
- 23. How-to set up Quick Access Toolbar Set up your Quick Access Toolbar 1. Open ‘PowerPoint Options’ (File Options) 2. Select Quick Access Toolbar 3. Choose commands then Add 4. Click ‘OK’ Must-have commands
- 24. Must-have commands Grouping Distribute objects Position Alignment Rotate CategoryCommand Description Make one or more objects as one object (or vice versa); highly useful for changing objects sizes proportionately Align two or more objects relative to one another on the slide Equally space one or more objects relative to the two most distant objects Send an object forward/backward of another other object or to the front or back of a slide Rotate an object clockwise or counter clockwise Format Copy the attributes of text or an object to other text or objects
- 25. Use Guides for spacing and alignment 1. Right click in your slide 2. Select ‘Grid and Guides… then check ‘Guides’ 3. Click and drag guides to desired location 4. Add a guide line as you need by dragging any existing line pressing Ctrl 5. To remove a Guide, just drag it off the page How-to add and remove Guides 8노엘
- 26. Shortcuts Keys Description CTRL+O Open a document CTRL+N Open a new blank document CTRL+S Save the document F12 Save as CTRL+P Print CTRL+M Insert a new slide CTRL+D Duplicate a selected slide Keys Description CTRL+A Select all objects and text on the active slide CTRL+C Copy the selected object or text CTRL+X Cut the selected object or text CTRL+D Duplicate the selected object or text CTRL+V Paste the object or text which was previously copied or cut CTRL+Z Undo (remove) the last change made CTRL+Y or F4 Redo (repeat) the last change made CTRL+Mouse Drag Copy and position a selected object to a user defined position SHIFT+Mouse Drag Shift an object parallel or perpendicular to its original position SHIFT+CTRL+Mouse Drag Duplicate and shift to a user defined position which is parallel or perpendicular to its original position Keys Description F5 Start a slide show SHIFT+F5 Start slide show from current slide CTRL+S Open the slide selection dialog when slide show is playing ESC Exit slide show SPACE or ARROW or Left-Click Move to next slide during slide show DELETE or ARROW Move to previous slide during slide show General Slide Show Objects
- 27. Activity 1. LEGO vs. Real world (15 min.) 1. There has been approximately 4 billion minifigures produced 2. Approximately 20 billion LEGO elements (bricks) are made every year in the LEGO factory in Billund http://natgeotv.com.au/tv/megafactories/lego-facts.aspx http://www.buildingtalk.com/building-products-and-structures-/brick-manufacturing-increases-due-to-housing-demands/410821.article 1. China – 1.3 billion, India – 1.1 billion, US – 300 million 2. UK Brick production in 2014 - 1.8 billion bricks LEGO facts Real world facts VS Can you create an Infographic using the given facts?
- 28. LEGO China India WORLD POPULATION ANNUAL BRICK PRODUCTION 20 billion 1.8 billon Lego UK = 100 million
- 31. #3 Efficacy Light bulb: Michel Faz Fajes
- 33. Why are horrible slides horrible? (1) Horrible slides are unclear Why some people make this? Because they don’t have a clear idea Long headline Alignment Mere repetition of the headline Pointless image Irrelevant & even ugly image
- 35. Why are horrible slides horrible? (2) Horrible slides are uncomfortable Why some people make this? Because they don’t take care of the audience Unusual to have URL in headline + not clear if the content and headline are relevant Ambiguous colour scheme Many of the words are cut in the middle
- 37. Why are horrible slides horrible? (3) Horrible slides are pointless (or boring) Why some people make this? Because they don’t analyse and process data – lack of ‘so-what’s Descriptive headline No legend keys When we refer to monetary values, e.g. salary, should make clear its unit and currency
- 38. Every good slide is… Clear message Comfortable style Provocative insights Focused – one idea per slide Based on clarity in thinking Every visual element should help convey the message ‘So-what’ rather than descriptive ‘what it is’ or ‘what we did’
- 39. Increasing the efficacy of the slide requires you to consider slide construction Information formats are critical to getting insight Right use of visual elements provide clarity to audience Style should be informed by audience and context • Choice depends on what the audience should take away (bullet points, tables, charts, graphics…) • Following basic rules helps you fit the right chart to the message/ data • Combining formats can make the message stronger • Visualisation helps audience understand more quickly • Colours, shapes, images, fonts and layouts should work for readability and clarity • The message and style should be tailored to audience and context • Audience and context – Balance between simplicity vs. depth, numbers or texts or pictures • Calls for simple slides, simplicity means clarity in thinking
- 40. Words (bullet-points) • Lead an audience through logic flow (S-C-Q) • Summarise findings and recommendations, e.g. executive summary • Present qualitative information • Most concepts can be effectively described in words • Present very simplistic data
- 41. 00% 00% 00% Tables • See specific numbers • Buy into a calculation methodology • Compare and contrast qualitative information
- 42. Conceptual graphics • Remember relative trends • Visualise a flow • Visualise patterns • Visualise concepts 00% 00% 00%
- 44. Combination of charts and graphics
- 45. Activity 2. US green car market (20 min.) • Situation: Your client is a mid-low tier car manufacturer and it is considering to invest more in the green cars • Complication: The market prospect and the competition is not clear • Question: Should your client invest more in this market? • Data: 1. US Hybrid cars & EV sales and market share (2006 - 2013) 2. Key manufacturers’ Hybrid cars & EV launch dates (2000 – 2013) Can you answer the question with one slide by structuring and visualising given information?
- 47. #4 Tips & resources Magic Wand: John O'Shea
- 48. Less is more Brian Suda, 2014, Designing with data VS
- 49. Less is more Brian Suda, 2014, Designing with data
- 50. Adopt recent design trend (1) Flat designs 20142010
- 51. Adopt recent design trend (2) Iconography
- 52. Adopt recent design trend (3) Infographic Nielsen Company 2014 Report - Millennial Breaking The Myths
- 53. Adopt recent design trend (4) Full size image Accenture Technology Vision 2015 - Digital Business Era
- 54. Checklist • Standard template including colours and fonts used throughout • Enough white space • Text boxes and objects are aligned and of consistent size • All bulleted text consistently indented on a given page and across the deck, such that text “wraps” under text and not under the bullet (spaces should not be used) • Similar items on successive pages are placed in the same location to prevent “choppy” transitions • Wherever possible, charts, graphs, and pictures are PowerPoint native vs. being cut and pasted from another application • Deck has been printed to ensure presentation translates well to grayscale or colors okay • Spellcheck has been run and deck has been proofread by multiple individuals where possible • All graph and table axes labeled and include descriptive titles (including date ranges of data, etc.) • All data sources accurately cited at the bottom of relevant pages; all citations are consistently formatted and colored • Numbers, including graph axes, do not include extraneous or unnecessary use of digits or decimals • Keys or legends included with tables, graphs, etc. where necessary Logic/ Flow • Follow the Minto Pyramid Principle • Deliverable has a logical flow that tells a story (horizontal logic stands alone) vs. a linear description of “what we did” • Horizontal logic limited to two lines with consistent font sizing • Pages are CLEAR—Comprehensive, have Liveliness, Elegant, Accurate, and Relevant Formatting Mechanics
- 55. Resources and tools • <The Minto Pyramid Principle>, Barbara Minto • <The BCG Way: The Art of the Hypothesis Driven Management>, Boston Consulting Group • <Slideology>, Nancy Duarte • <Resonate>, Nancy Duarte Logic and flow Data visualisation Design and images • Slideshare, www.slideshare.net/ • Pixabay, www.pixabay.com/ • Pixlr, www.pixlr.com/ • Piktochart, http://piktochart.com/ • Economist Intelligence Unit, www.eiu.com/ • The Guardian Data Blog, www.theguardian.com/data • Visualising data, www.visualisingdata.com/ • Data visualization, UK Government, https://www.gov.uk/service- manual/user-centred-design/data- visualisation.html
- 56. Slide ethics • Representation – be aware that you are representing (a part of) the world through slides • Publicity - check visual and verbal expressions • Copyrights – clearly cite references