IoT Enabled by LiFi Technology

IoT Enabled by
LiFi
Technology
O PRESENTED BY
SHWETA UPADHYAY

What is IoT?
• The Internet of Things (IoT) is the network of physical objects or "things”
embedded with electronics, software, sensors, and network connectivity,
which enables these objects to collect and exchange data.
• IoT allows objects to be sensed and controlled remotely across existing
network infrastructure, creating opportunities for more direct integration
between the physical world and computer-based systems, and resulting in
improved efficiency, accuracy and economic benefit.

How IoT Works?
Internet of Things is not the result of a single novel technology;
instead, several complementary technical developments provide
capabilities that taken together help to bridge the gap between the
virtual and physical world . These capabilities include:
Communication and cooperation
Addressability
Identification
Sensing
Actuation
Embedded information processing
Localization
User interfaces

How IoT Works?
To
identify
and track
the data
of things
To collect
and process
the data to
detect the
changes in
the physical
status of
things
To enhance
the power of
the network
by devolving
processing
capabilities to
different part
of the
network.
To make the
smaller and
smaller
things have
the ability to
connect and
interact.

Few Applications of IoT
Building and Home automation
Manufacturing
Medical and Healthcare systems
Media
Environmental monitoring
Infrastructure management
Energy management
Transportation
Better quality of life for elderly
... ... ...
You name it, and you will have it in IoT!

IoT Enabled by LiFi Technology

Current Status & Future Prospect of IoT
“Change is the only thing permanent in this world”

TECHNOLOGICAL CHALLENGES OF IoT
At present IoT is faced with many challenges, such as:
 Scalability
 Technological Standardization
 Inter operability
 Discovery
 Software complexity
 Data volumes and interpretation
 Power Supply
 Interaction and short range communication
 Wireless communication
 Fault tolerance

LIGHT FIDELITY
• Light based WI-FI
• Light is used instead of radio-waves to transmit information
• Transceiver fitted LED lamps acts like Wi-Fi modems
• LED lamps can light a room as well as transmit-receive information
• Provides illumination as well as data communication

NEED FOR LI-FI
• Radio spectrum is
congested, but the demand
for wireless data doubles
each year
• Issues regarding radio
spectrum, such as capacity,
availability,
• efficiency, security are
solved using LIFI.
• Speed of data transmission
can be increased.

OVERCOMING WIFI ISSUES
 CAPACITY
 Spectrum is 10,000 times greater than that of radio frequency
 EFFICIENCY
 Highly efficient since LED consumes less energy
 AVAILABILITY
 Light waves available everywhere.
 SECURITY
 Cannot penetrate through walls. Hence data cannot be intercepted.

VISIBLE LIGHT COMMUNICATION
 In electromagnetic spectrum, gamma, UV rays are dangerous
• for human body.
 IR rays, due to eye safety regulations, are not used

LIFE OF LIFI
 Introduced by Professor Herald hass, at the university of Edinburgh.
 Established in 2011 TED global talk
 The promotion of idea through TED helped to start a company,
Pure LiFi
 Pure LiFi, formerly pure VLC, is an original equipment
manufacture firm setup to commercialize Li-Fi products for
integration with existing LED lighting systems
 In October 2011, few companies and industries group formed
Li-Fi consortium to promote the high speed optical wireless
systems

HOW IT WORKS?
 Operational procedure is very simple.
 If LED is ON, digital data ‘1’ is transmitted & if LED is
OFF, digital data ‘0’ is transmitted.
 LEDs varies in intensity so fast that a human eye cannot
detect it
 A controller connected at the back side of these LEDs is
used to code data.
 Also called as 5G optical communication.

IMPLEMENTATION
All the data from Internet is
streamed into lamp driver.
Data from internet is used to
modulate the intensity of LED
light source.
Thus by fast and subtle
variations of current, optical
output can be made to vary at
extremely high speed
The photodetector picks up
the signal
The receiver dongle then
converts the tiny changes in
amplitude into a data stream.

LI-FI NETWORKS
 Li-Fi connector and router are the
main components for a network
 Room connector:
• Optical signals cannot penetrate
through walls, in order to provide
an optical WLAN, rooms need to
be connected with each other
• Li-Fi room connector is a
replicator, which sends the data
stream from one side of the wall to
the other side via an optical fiber.
• For smaller rooms, connector act as
the only Li-Fi hotspot in the room

LI-FI ROUTER
 Serves as a connector to external
link like DSL.
 Covers a radius of about 20 meters
 The transmission speed is 100
Mbps.
 Suitable for small office or home
use

APPLICATIONS
 LIFI can be used in
sensitive areas such as aircrafts for data transmission without causing
interference
Places where it is difficult to lay optical fibers like operation theaters
Traffic scenarios, thereby reducing accidents
Underwater applications where radio waves cannot propagate.
Industries like petrochemical plants, nuclear power plants , petrol pumps
etc

TRAFFIC SCENARIO
 In traffic scenario, LIFI can be used to
communicate with the LED lights of cars .
 Cars can have LED-based headlights,
backlights and can communicate with
each other.
 This might prevent accidents, by
exchanging information, when the
vehicles are too close
 Using LIFI, Street lights can be used to
send information about the road condition
to the car.

LECTURE / SEMINAR HALLS
 Downloading notes from blogs of teachers
• Often it is necessary to download lecture
notes from the blogs of respective teachers.
With Li-Fi, the download can be done in the
hall itself
 Interactive classroom with interconnected devices
• The classroom will be more interactive with
the real-time interconnectivity between 500
devices
 Sharing views & queries with the entire class
• Each person’s queries, views and
clarifications can be shared not only with the
teacher, but with the entire class.

INDUSTRIES
 Used in RF restricted environments like chemical industries,
nuclear power plants, petrol pumps

HOME AND SMALL OFFICES
 In home and small offices, Li-Fi can be used to communicate with devices like
Laptops
Internet access
HD video streaming
Printer

AIRCRAFTS
 The whole airways
communication are performed on
the basis of radio waves.
 Hence passengers face the
problem in communication
media.
 This problem can be overcome
by using Li-Fi, since light waves
will not interfere with radio
waves.

ADVANTAGES
 Data rate greater than 10 Gbps; Theoretically allowing HD film
to be downloaded in 30 seconds
 Can be used anywhere, even in RF restricted areas; Since light
waves will not interfere with radio waves.
 Mostly LED light bulbs are used, which consumes less energy.
Hence cost efficient.
 As light waves cannot penetrate through walls, the data cannot
be intercepted; Thus provides secured communication.
 Efficient alternative to radio based wireless; since it is quick
and reliable.

LIMITATIONS
 Visible light cannot penetrate through solid objects.
 A major challenge of LiFi is how the receiving device will
transmit back to transmitter.
 Interferences from external light sources like sunlight, in the
path of transmission will cause interruption in the communication.
 Data transmission can be easily blocked by any object placed in
front of LED source.

References
www.google.com
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_of_Things
Cisco whitepaper, "The Internet of Things" - How the Next Evolution of the
Internet Is Changing Everything, by Dave Evans, April 2011.
GE cloud expo 2014, "Industrial Internet as a Service", by Shyam Varan Nath,
Principal Architect.
Dr. Mazlan Abbas, MIMOS Berhad, Wisma IEM, Petaling Jaya

CONCLUSION
Thus, if Li-Fi technology can be put into practical use, every bulb can
be used as an alternative to Wi-Fi hotspots. It provides simple, faster
and efficient wireless data communication. Li-Fi will make us to
proceed towards the cleaner, greener, safer and brighter future.

IoT Enabled by LiFi Technology

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IoT Enabled by LiFi Technology