Internet Of Things: Hands on: YOW! night
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The document discusses the Internet of Things (IoT) and emphasizes the importance of physical integration through open standards. It highlights advancements in software, hardware, and culture that facilitate the development of new IoT applications, and presents practical steps for individuals to start building their own IoT projects. The talk aims to inspire innovation and collaboration within the IoT community while addressing the challenges and opportunities in this evolving field.
Internet Of Things: Hands on: YOW! night
- 1. Hands-on with the IoT Daryl Wilding-McBride (DiUS) Andy Gelme (geekscape.org, m9design.co)
- 2. The point(s) of this talk 1. Physical integration through open standards is the next big thing 2. We should turn our minds to this new class of application 3. It’s really easy to get started now
- 5. “It’s only the Internet of Things while it doesn’t work. As soon as it works, it’s a thermostat.” Chris Anderson, 3DRobotics
- 6. “Q: What is the Internet Of Things, Mr Salesman ? A: Whatever matches my product range.” Dick Selwood, EE Journal So what is the Internet of Things... really?
- 8. Why now ? What has changed?
- 9. Software ● Open source ● Ease of use e.g. Arduino IDE ● Big Data platforms, tools, technologies Hardware ● Open source ● Innovation in cost / power usage / sophistication ● Maker movement ● 3D printing ● Fabrication services (e.g. Shapeways) ● Easy-to-use building blocks (e.g. Arduino) Culture ● Drive for greater efficiency / knowledge / safety ● Making decisions on evidence The confluence enables new classes of applications to be built
- 10. “The best minds of my generation are thinking about how to make people click ads. That sucks.” Jeff Hammerbacher, Facebook’s first data scientist
- 11. From a technology perspective, good web software delivery is a solved problem
- 12. From a technology perspective, good web software delivery is a solved problem IoT has lots of unsolved, worthwhile problems that are very challenging
- 13. From a technology perspective, good web software delivery is a solved problem IoT has lots of unsolved, worthwhile problems that are very challenging We need to get good at solving them
- 14. Granularity of IoT building blocks Generic building blocks … ● Arduino, sensors, actuators Function specific building blocks ● Quadcopter with autopilot Complete solutions ● Search & rescue UAVs
- 15. Generic building block: MeshThing
- 16. Sensors, actuators and controllers Turning a collection of transducers into a single unit Designed by John Spencer for the Caravan Of Terror ● ATtiny84 MCU < $1.50 ● Linear potentiometer ○ Motorized slider ○ Capacitive touch ● LED display ● RGB LED string ● Multiple units controlled by I2CATtiny84 8-bit MCU
- 17. Turning multiple units into a subsystem Designed by John Spencer for the Caravan Of Terror
- 18. Having reached this point the question becomes … “How do we connect all the subsystems together ?” and / or “How do we connect these things to the Internet ?”
- 19. Connecting devices Whenever you can … use cables ○ More bandwidth ○ Less latency ○ More reliable ○ More secure (assume no physical access) ○ Cheaper (for given bandwidth requirement) ○ Ethernet, e.g Freetronics EtherTen
- 20. Connecting devices However, cables not possible in many situations ○ Devices are far apart ○ Devices that move around ○ Uneconomic, e.g retrofit building automation
- 21. Wireless networking choices We are now spoilt with choice ○ 4G modems ○ WiFi, e.g SparkCore ○ Bluetooth Classic / Low Energy ○ Near Field Communication ○ nRF24 (Nordic Semiconductor) ○ 433 MHz e.g garage door opener ○ Mesh network: 802.15.4 + 6LoWPAN
- 22. Network design decisions Driven by requirements ○ Development environment ○ Bandwidth and latency ○ Power consumption ○ Reliability ○ Security ○ Range ○ Cost
- 23. Likely outcome Solution includes variety of different hardware devices, networking and software stacks There is no one magic silver bullet Certainly not mesh networks … so, always read the fine print !
- 24. Why IPv6 / 6LoWPAN mesh networks ? WiFi and Bluetooth LE are often good solutions What if we require ? ● IP packets end-to-end (no protocol gateways) ● Peer-to-peer transmission (no access points) ● Very low energy consumption (milliWatts) ○ Minimal resources, deep sleep ● Simple discovery, routing, name resolution, services ○ IETF open standards (RFC)
- 25. Some personal criteria ● Open-source hardware and software ● Low cost < $40 ● Prototype: Off-the-shelf ● Production: Custom hardware ● Replace existing options, e.g Zigbee ○ Isn’t really open ○ Wasn’t IP based ○ Compatibility over time / between vendors
- 26. Network diagram MeshThing #1 RPL Border Gateway fd00:0:0:10::1 MeshThing #2 fd00:0:0:10::2 MeshThing #3 fd00:0:0:10::3 MeshThing #4 fd00:0:0:10::4 Raspberry Pi or OpenWRT IPv6 Router fd00:0:0:1::1/64 eth0 fd00:0:0:2::1/64 wlan0 fd00:0:0:10::1/64 tun0 SLIPDesktop / Laptop IPv6 Node fd00:0:0:1::2/64 eth0 LAN Mobile device IPv6 Node fd00:0:0:2::2/64 WiFi Everything is an IPv6 connected device TCP, UDP and ICMP (ping) messages all work between any devices
- 27. Mesh network stack ● Message: MQTT or CoAP ● Service discovery: DNS-SD ● Name resolution: mDNS ● Transport: IETF ICMP / UDP / TCP ● Network: IETF IPv6 with 6LoWPAN, RPL (routing) ● Data link: IEEE 802.15.4 MAC (sicslowmac) ● Physical: IEEE 802.15.4 PHY (radio)
- 28. MeshThing hardware ● MeshThing ○ ATmega2564RFR2: SoC + radio ○ XBee header layout ○ 16 I/O pins ○ Contiki OS ● MeshUSB ○ USB serial ○ LiPo battery / charging ○ Micro-SD card slot ○ Solar panel input ● MeshProto (stackable board)
- 29. MeshThing Input / Output
- 30. ● For highly constrained devices … ○ 8-bit MPU, 8 MHz, 40 kB Flash, 8 Kb RAM ● Cisco contributed the uIPv6 stack ● 6LoWPAN header compression, adaption layer ● RPL routing protocol ● Non-premptive tasks ● Cross platform support ● Many contributed examples ● Cooja network simulator Contiki Operating System
- 31. ● Compile using avr-gcc (C programming) ● Build Contiki on Linux, MacOS or Windows ○ Raspberry Pi for development and gateway ● MeshThing runs STK500 bootloader (Arduino) ○ Use “avrdude” to download firmware MeshThing programming
- 32. ● One host acting as mesh network router ● Enable IPv6 forwarding ● Acquire IPv6 Unique Local Address (ULA) ○ Address prefix fdxx:xxxx:xxxx/48 ● IPv6 route advertisement for each interface ○ Run “radv” daemon (Linux) ○ Run “rtadv” daemon (Mac OS X) ● Clients run IPv6 route solicitation damon Network configuration StateLess Address Auto Configuration (SLAAC)
- 33. ● Get mDNS and DNS-SD working ● Port MQTT C client ○ Integration with NodeRed ● Port Firmata for NodeBots ○ Improvements for multiple nodes ● Support Arduino IDE ○ Arduino sketch as a loadable module Work in progress
- 34. Solution : Search & Rescue UAV
- 35. About the UAV Outback Challenge
- 40. 4.5 kms
- 41. 2.3 kms
- 42. 1.2 kms
- 56. PX4 Demo
- 58. What we’ve learned so far
- 59. Sophistication of open-source hardware & software What we’ve learned so far
- 60. Sophistication of open-source hardware & software Prototyping with a 3D printer What we’ve learned so far
- 61. Sophistication of open-source hardware & software Prototyping with a 3D printer Embedded computing is a lot of fun What we’ve learned so far
- 62. Getting started
- 63. Choose a goal / project Build your own sensor network (home / office) Connect to Xively, ThingSpeak, SkyNet.IM … or D.I.Y Build your own robot NodeBots Days: http://nodebots.io Build your own quadcopter http://copter.ardupilot.com/wiki/build-your-own-multicopter
- 64. Typical process ● Understand the “problem” … multiple iterations ● Get a microcontroller, e.g Arduino ○ Connect sensors / actuators ○ Connect to LAN / WAN ● Get a Single Board Computer, e.g Raspberry Pi ○ Install MQTT (publish / subscribe message server) ○ Real-time monitor and control ○ Background data aggregation and presentation ● Think about power, networking, packaging ○ Prototyping => Fit For Purpose => Production ● Perfect the “user experience” … multiple iterations
- 65. Gadgets #1 https://www.temboo. com/arduino ● Atheros AR9331, 400 MHz ○ 16 Mb Flash, 64 Mb RAM ○ Running OpenWRT (Linino) ○ Ethernet, WiFi, USB A ○ Micro-SD ● ATmega32u4 ○ Arduino Leonardo ○ Serial connection to AR9331
- 66. Gadgets #2 ● Open-source hardware and software ● 168 MHz Cortex M4F CPU ● 2 MB Flash, 256 KB RAM ● 3-axis accelerometer / gyroscope / magnetometer ● Barometer ● Backup, override, failsafe processor ● Running NuttX RTOS (Posix)
- 67. Hang-out with like-minded people ● Meetup.com: IoT groups ○ http://www.meetup.com/Internet-of-Human-Things-Melbourne ○ http://www.meetup.com/IoT-Melbourne ● HackerSpaces.org … ○ http://hackerspaces.org/wiki/Australia ○ CCHS Hawthorn: http://hackmelbourne.org ○ OpenLab: http://www.medialabmelbourne.com.au/openlab ○ Make-Create Brunswick: http://www.meetup.com/Make-Create ○ Ballarat HackerSpace, Mill Park Library MakerSpace ○ Geelong HackerSpace, East Gippsland HackerSpace ○ Footscray MakerLab ? Northern Suburbs ?
- 68. Hang-out with like-minded people ● Meetup.com: IoT groups ○ http://www.meetup.com/Internet-of-Things-Sydney ● HackerSpaces.org … ○ http://hackerspaces.org/wiki/Australia ○ Robots and Dinosaurs: http://robodino.org ○ RoboDojo: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/robodojo ○ OzBerryPi: http://www.ozberrypi.org (nomadic) ○ NewCastle MakerSpace: http://newcastlemakerspace.org/wiki ○ Visit CCHS Melbourne: http://hackmelbourne.org
- 69. Hang-out with like-minded people ● Meetup.com: IoT groups ○ http://www.meetup.com/Hack-the-Evening ● HackerSpaces.org … ○ http://hackerspaces.org/wiki/Australia ○ Brisbane HackerSpace: HSBNE ○ Gold Coast TechSpace: http://gctechspace.org ○ Caboolture HackerSpace, Townsville HackerSpace ○ Hack This Coop (Toowoomba) ○ Visit CCHS Melbourne: http://hackmelbourne.org
- 70. Space and tools with people who share skills / collaborate HackerSpaces
- 71. Electronics prototyping, diagnosis, manufacturing HackerSpaces
- 72. 3D printers, laser-cutter, lathe, CNC mill, ... HackerSpaces
- 73. Making a broad variety of things HackerSpaces
- 74. Hopefully, we’ve convinced you ... 1. Physical integration through open standards is the next big thing 2. We should turn our minds to this new class of applications 3. It’s really easy and fun to get started now
- 75. Yow! Connect conference ● September 2014 ● Internet of Things stream ● Mobile: Android and iOS streams ● Keynotes: Local and international luminaries ● Tentative dates … ○ Call For Papers ○ Open: 31st March, Closes: 30th May ○ Submitters notified: 23rd June
- 76. Staying in touch Daryl Wilding-McBride dwm@dius.com.au @DarylWMcB http://dius.com.au Andy Gelme andyg@geekscape.org @geekscape http://geekscape.org http://m9design.co