IPv6 deployment planning Jordi Palet
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This document provides a 12-step plan for enabling IPv6 in an Internet service provider (ISP) network. The steps include: 1) requesting IPv6 address space from registries; 2) auditing network equipment for IPv6 support; 3) training staff on IPv6; 4) enabling IPv6 with upstream providers; 5) updating security policies for IPv6; 6) monitoring IPv6 metrics; 7) developing an IPv6 addressing plan; 8) deploying IPv6 in the core network; 9) conducting IPv6 trials; 10) enabling IPv6 in the access network; 11) configuring IPv6 transition technologies; and 12) updating customer-premises equipment to support IPv6. The document compares
IPv6 deployment planning Jordi Palet
- 1. - 1 IPv6 Deployment Planning: “12 Steps to Enable IPv6 in an ISP Network” ISOC IPv6 Workshop Belgrade, Serbia November 2017 Jordi Palet (jordi.palet@theipv6company.com)
- 2. - 2 1. Prefix request • How many customers do you have? – Home – Corporate – Mobile • What is the expected growth? – Short/medium term • Each customer: – /48 for broadband – /64 for smartphones • Overall figures: – /32 -> 50.000 customers – /31 -> 100.000 customers – /30 -> 200.000 customers – …
- 3. - 3 2. Audit your network • Has your equipment the right IPv6 support? – What needs to be updated (firmware/software) – Upgraded (hardware) – Replaced – New • Make a detailed inventory – From CPEs to upstreams • Make sure your actual vendors can match your needs – Or replace them!
- 4. - 4 3. Training • This is one of the main keys – IPv6 is not more difficult than IPv4 – They are different, the difficulty is to “change your mindset” • Need to “unlearn” IPv4 to correctly understand IPv6 • Look for demonstrated experience for the training • Possibly together with a consultancy service • You will save a lot of time and money – The transition will become more urgent and important – Losses because you’re not ready or did it wrong
- 5. - 5 4. Upstreams • Confirm IPv6 support with your upstream providers – Look for alternative ones if not – If is not possible, look for a tunnel to another IPv6 upstream • Enable IPv6 BGP peering with them – Same AS as IPv4 • Ideally native – Alternatively, can use a tunnel (6in4, GRE) • Same for CDNs, caches, IXs, etc.
- 6. - 6 5. Security policies • Equivalent to what you have with IPv4 • Exceptions: – Don’t filter ICMPv6 – Double check PMTUD is working • BGP filtering specific for IPv6 • If you’ve dual-stack for your management and enterprise networks – Make sure to secure unwanted transition mechanisms
- 7. - 7 6. Monitoring systems • Again, at a minimum, equivalent to what you have with IPv4 – With the same conditions or better ones • Must have systems that check in both stacks, from inside and outside your network, parameters such as: – Quality – Quantity – Stability – Prefix visibility – …
- 8. - 8 7. Detailed addressing plan • Probably got already an overall plan if you contracted a consultancy – Once everything is clear needs to be refined • This is a masterpiece for a correct IPv6 deployment • Is not related at all to what you’re used to with IPv4 • You MUST have an IPAM (IP Address Management) – Open Source or commercial product (appliance) – It may be tied to your DHCP/DNS – Avoid using a word processor or spread sheet for millions of addresses!
- 9. - 9 8. Deploy you core • This is the easier part, core and distribution • You probably have MPLS, which make it even much simpler • Possibly keep dual-stack here – In the future you may consider IPv6-only • So, reusing the IPv4 addresses for customers that still need dual-stack, etc.
- 10. - 10 9. Trials • Corporate network • Corporate customers • Residential customers – Employees and others • LAN/VLAN rules: – /64 – Keep dual-stack (even with private IPv4) • SLAAC with RDDNS – DHCPv6 is just an option • Manual provisioning is fine at this stage
- 11. - 11 10. Access network • Typically one of the most complex steps • Choose the right transition mechanism – My recommendation is 464XLAT • It works for residential and cellular – For corporate customers probably keep dual-stack • Unless they only use the network for “browsing”, the 464XLAT as well – For Data Centers, SIIT-DC • Do you’ve good support on the existing CPEs? – You may need to look into alternative suppliers • For (non-cellular networks) provisioning – DHCPv6-PD • For the customers numbering – Follow RIPE BCOP “Best Current Operational Practice for operators: IPv6 prefix assignment for end-users - persistent vs non-persistent, and what size to choose”
- 12. - 12 11. Transition config • Configure PLAT (NAT64+DNS64) instead of CGN – Remember logging systems • This works for both cellular and non-cellular networks • In case of cellular, use a single APN – See details in my talk about this
- 13. - 13 12. Update CPEs • This is the final and most critical step – Verifies everything • Keep the trial – Employees – Customers • Once well tested, start massive IPv6 activation – Maybe in phases, by regions, etc. • Don’t forget to take advantage of press – Commercial announcement
- 14. - 14 Take advantage of IPv6 • New apps/services • IoT • A lot to discover …
- 15. - 15 Comparing … 6RD Softwires v2 NAT444 DS-Lite Lw4o6 NAT64 464XLAT MAP-E MAP-T Tunel/Translation (X) T 6in4 T 6in4 X T 4in6 T 4in6 X X T 4in6 X Dual-stack LAN YES YES optional YES YES YES YES YES YES IPv4 Multicast YES YES YES NO NO NO NO NO NO Access Network IPv4 IPv4 IPv4 /dual IPv6 IPv6 IPv6 IPv6 IPv6 IPv6 Overhead 20 bytes 40 bytes - 40 bytes 40 bytes 20 bytes 20 bytes 40 bytes 20 bytes Impact in IPv6 addressing plan YES NO NO NO NO NO NO YES YES CPE Update YES YES optional YES YES YES YES YES YES NAT44/NAPT CPE CPE CPE + CGN CGN CPE CPE CPE CPE CPE 46/64 Translation - - - - - ISP ISP +/or CPE - CPE + ISP Translation at ISP with or w/o state - - with - - with with w/o w/o Scalability High Medium Medium Medium High High High High High Performance High Low Low Low High Medium High High High ALGs NO NO YES YES NO YES YES YES YES Any Protocol or only-TCP/UDP/ICMP YES YES YES YES YES NO NO NO NO Sharing IPv4 Ports NO NO YES YES YES NO NO YES YES IPv6 Aggregation NO NO optional YES YES YES YES YES YES IPv4 Mesh YES YES YES NO NO NO NO YES YES IPv6 Mesh YES NO optional YES YES YES YES YES YES Impacts on logging NO NO YES YES NO YES YES NO NO HA simplicity High Low Low Low High Medium High High High DPI simplicity Low Low High Low Low High High Low High Support in cellular NO NO YES NO NO YES YES NO NO Support in CPEs YES YES YES YES YES YES YES YES YES 15.5 12.5 10.5 9.5 15 12.5 14 13 13.5
- 16. - 16 Thanks ! Contact: – Jordi Palet: jordi.palet@theipv6company.com