IPv6 examples

Prepared By: KISHOJ BAJRACHARYA (062-BCT-515)

TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY

INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING
Pulchowk Campus

LAB TEST: Advance Networking with IPv6

SUBMITTED BY: KISHOJ BAJRACHARYA
ROLL NUMBER: 062-BCT-515
SUBMITTED TO: DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMPUTER
ENGINEERING


1. What is the MAC address of your wired LAN card of your machine?

00-A1-B0-60-1D-4F

Finding own MAC address in Windows XP is easy with the command prompt. The basic steps
for finding the MAC address are as follow:
Click Start->Run
Type cmd and press enter.
In the prompt, type ipconfig /all.
Physical address entry is the MAC Address.

2. What is the EUI-64 bit Interface Identifier of your machine?

48 bits MAC Address of my machine is 00-A1-B0-60-1D-4F

Steps to generate interface identifier in EUI-64 format

MAC Address: 00-A1-B0-60-1D-4F
Insert HEX value FFFE between third & fourth byte of MAC Address then 00-A1-B0-FF-FE-
60-1D-4F
Perform 2’s complement of LSB of first byte i.e. 0 Hence, 02-A1-B0-FF-FE-60-1D-4F
Converting to colon hexadecimal notation to get 64-bits Interface-ID called EUI-64.
o 0::2A1:B0FF:FE60:1D4F

Hence, EUI-64 of my machine is 0::2A1:B0FF:FE60:1D4F


3. What is the Link Local IPv6 unicast address of your machine?

Link Local IPv6 unicast address FE80::2A1:B0FF:FE60:1D4F


Link-Local addresses are automatically assigned by the end user equipment and require no
external configuration. Format defined by RFC 4291 Section 2.5.6. The address format uses a unique
binary prefix (FE8::/10) and the remaining bits (118) are built from the local interface identifier. In the
case of ethernet (RFC 2464) the MAC (48 bits) is used to create the EUI-64 value as shown below. Each
physical layer supported has a separate RFC for example, FDDI, IEEE 802.15.4 etc. defining, among
other things, how the link-local address is created. If an interface identifier has more than 118 bits the
link-local address cannot be generated and the unit must be manually configured. Link-local addresses
are not routable globally (outside the local LAN/network – however that is defined). The 128 bits of a
link-local address for an ethernet interface breakdown as follows:

4. Print the IPv6 routing table using “route” command.

To print the IPv6 routing table we use “route print” which is used to display the routes in the IP
routing table which is shown in the snapshot which was performed on the desktop PC.


5. Analyze the output of ping/ping6 to Link Local Unicast IPv6 address of your machine.

Command: ping –t FE80::2A1:B0FF:FE60:1D4F

6. What does the command pathping do? Explain with practical snapshots.


Pathping does the following works:

It traces route and provide network latency and packet loss for each router and link in the
path.
It combines the functionality of PING and TRACERT.
It is invaluable for determining which routers or subnets may be having network problems - it
displays the degree of packet loss at any given router or link.
It sends multiple Echo Request messages to each router between a source and destination
over a period of time and computes aggregate results based on the packets returned from
each router.
It performs the equivalent of the tracert command by identifying which routers are on the
path.
Firewalls
Like tracert PathPing uses Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) over TCP/IP. Many
firewalls will block ICMP traffic by default. If an attacker is able to forge ICMP redirect packets,
he or she can alter the routing tables on the host and possibly subvert the security of the host
by causing traffic to flow via a path you didn't intend.

Equivalent bash command (Linux): trace - Find the IP address of a remote host

Practical Snapshots:

Pathping to test within a production LAN out to the Internet to a Web server


Using pathping command from the source to the destination and let pathping do its computation.

7. Show the IPv6 and ICMPv6 status using the command “netstat -s”.

The netstat command is used to display the TCP/IP network protocol statistics and information. The
netstat command is used to show network status.

Traditionally, it is used more for problem determination than for performance measurement.
However, the netstat command can be used to determine the amount of traffic on the network to
ascertain whether performance problems are due to network congestion.

The netstat command displays information regarding traffic on the configured network interfaces,
such as the following:

• The address of any protocol control blocks associated with the sockets and the state of all
sockets
• The number of packets received, transmitted, and dropped in the communications subsystem
• Cumulative statistics per interface
• Routes and their status


Fig: IPv6 status

Fig: ICMPv6 Status

8. Use netsh.exe IPv6 CLI to show the (submit snapshots)
Netsh.exe tool is used to perform the following tasks:
Configure interfaces.
Configure routing protocols.
Configure filters
Configure routes


Configure remote access behavior for Windows-based remote access routers that are
running the Routing and Remote Access Server (RRAS) Service.
Display the configuration of a currently running router on any computer.
Use the scripting feature to run a collection of commands in batch mode against a
specified router.

IPv6 address information


IPv6 Interface information


IPv6 routes information


IPv6 Neighbour information

IPv6 Destination Cache information


Conclusion
After the completion of these lab exercises, I am able to:

To determine the MAC address of PC.
To determine the interface identifier in EUI-64 format from MAC address.
To identify link local, site local unicast address of the PC.
Identify the different interfaces at my own PC related to IPv6 transition mechanisms.
Enable and configure IPv6 addresses on windows XP.
Identify different address types.
Manually add/remove IPv6 addresses.
Disable 6to4 and ISATAP virtual interfaces.
Use some of the commands like:
o ipconfig /all
o ipconfig
o ipv6 install
o ipv6 –v if
o route PRINT
o ping –t FE80::2A1:B0FF:FE60:1D4F
o netstat –s
o netsh interface ipv6 show address
o netsh interface ipv6 show interface
o netsh interface ipv6 show routes
o netsh interface ipv6 show neighbor
o netsh interface ipv6 show destination

IPv6 examples

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IPv6 examples