IRJET- A New Thyristor Based DC Circuit Breaker Implemented on a DC Application
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This document presents a new thyristor-based DC circuit breaker implemented on a DC application. Circuit breakers are used to protect electrical circuits from damage due to overloads or short circuits. Interrupting DC fault currents is more challenging than in AC systems due to the lack of natural zero crossings. The proposed system uses a thyristor-based transformer coupling circuit for quick isolation of faults. It was found to interrupt the supply faster than conventional methods during simulations of abnormal load conditions. The breaker only requires thyristors and can be implemented at low cost in DC or AC load systems.
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2533
Figure 4.1: Simulation diagram of the breaker system
The simulation diagram of the proposed dcbreakerisshown
in Figure 4.1. At the load side an ideal switch is placed along
with a resistive load. This switch is triggered at 0.1s. When
this switch is turned on the load will be increased and thus
causes a sudden rise in the current. The excess currentinthe
system will reaches to the breaker circuit and this breaker
contains thyristors and this thyristor will be in reverse
biased state during faulty period. We know thatthethyristor
won’t be conducting on a reverse biased state so this will
make the breaker circuit to turn off the system. At this time
the breaker is tripped automatically. The interruption of the
supply when the load is increased is shown in Figure 4.2.
And only after the fault clearance the breaker will be in its
on-state. We can found in the output waveform that the
supply is turned to off state more fastily.
Figure 4.2: The interruption of the supply
5. CONCLUSION
The thyristor based dc breaker in a dc system can be
implemented in a circuit for faster interruption purposes.
Comparing to the conventional dc breakers this has lot of
advantages. The breaker can be implemented in any dc orac
load systems at a lower cost.
REFERENCES
[1] Keith A. Corzine, “A new coupled inductor circuit
breaker for dc applications”. IEEEtransactionsonpower
electronics, vol. 32, no. 2, february 2017
[2] K. A. Corzine and R. W. Ashton, “A new z-source dc
circuit breaker,” in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Ind. Electron.,
Bari, Italy, Jul. 2010, pp. 585–590.
[3] K. A. Corzine and R. W. Ashton, “Structure and analysis
of the z-source MVDC breaker,” in Proc. IEEEElectr.Ship
Technol. Symp.,Alexandria
[4] D. Salomonsson, L. Soder, and A. Sannino, “Protection of
low-voltage dc microgrids,” IEEE Trans. Power Del., vol.
24, no. 3, pp. 1045–1053,
[5] J. Candelaria and J. D. Park, “VSC-HVDC system
protection: A review of current methods,” in Proc. IEEE
Power Energy Soc. Power Syst.Conf.,Mar. 2011,pp.1–7.
BIOGRAPHY
Ajish U is an M.Tech. power electronicsand
drives scholar at Nehru College Of
Engineering and Research centre,
Pampady, Thrissur, kerala. He has
completed his B.Tech. degree in Electrical
and electronics Engineering from Ahalia
School of Engineering and Technology,
Kanjikode, Palakkad, Kerala.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v5i3581-190129092551/85/IRJET-A-New-Thyristor-Based-DC-Circuit-Breaker-Implemented-on-a-DC-Application-2-320.jpg)
IRJET- A New Thyristor Based DC Circuit Breaker Implemented on a DC Application
- 1. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2532 A new thyristor based dc circuit breaker implemented on a dc application Ajish U1, P Sundaramoorthi 2 1Mtech Scholar, Power electronics and drives, Nehru college of engineering and research centre, Pampady, Thrissur, Kerala 2Associate Professor, Dept. of Electrical and electronics engineering, Nehru college of engineering and research centre, Pampady, Thrissur, Kerala ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - A circuit breaker is an electrical switch which is invented to protect an electrical circuit from destructions due to overload or short circuit. Circuit breakers are used in AC and DC systems but compared to AC system interruption of dc fault current in DC system is more unreliable due to the absence of natural zero crossing. A solid state DC breaker in a DC system offers rapid response to faults, but it has greater power losses. The Z-source breaker is a type of solid state circuit breaker which was used conventionally in the systems. Nowadays researchers found that the Z-source circuitbreaker topology along with the transformer coupling will allow us to detect fault and isolate the circuit suddenly. The proposed system consists of a thyristor based transformer coupling circuit for quick desolation purposes. KeyWords: Dc circuit breaker, Z source breaker, transformer coupling, Fast isolation, Thyristor circuit 1. INTRODUCTION Dc electric power is seen as beneficial in a host of modern purposes, such as electric ships, data centers, micro grids with renewable energy, and coming up applications such as the dc home. As researchers consider the design of circuit breaker in a dc applications have significant interest. 2. BACKGROUND RESEARCH The stoppage of DC supply suddenly in a system is a complicated process. The interruption was previously carried out with mechanical breakers which are used in ac systems. But the sudden interruption of dc withan ac can be used within specific range. After that a hybrid mechanical/solid-state breakershave been introducedwith the benefit of low losses. Another protectionmethodthathas been suggested is to utilize converters and associated control. Alternatively, solid-state dc circuit breakers have been considered. These breakers offer faster response to faults, but tend to have more advanced power losses. The z- source breaker is a recently developed solid-state breaker that naturally reacts to faults. It has advantagesofveryfaster operation and automatic disconnection of defective loads. A new approach in dc circuit breakers which is closely analogous to the z-source dc breaker but with utilization of transformer coupling have more advantages than the conventional ones. Recently researchershavesuggestedthat coupled inductors not only helpful in fault detection purposes, but also for automated isolation. The breaker proposed herein also requires only fewer components then the existing one. It also has a settable level for fault current; that is through breaker design the transformer turns ratio (i.e., N1/N2 ratio) can be selected to determine how much fault current is needed for the breaker to operate. 3. METHODOLOGY The proposed system consists of a breaker which is implemented in a load arrangement as presented in Figure 3.1. It consists of a dc supply, breaker circuit and an inverter circuit. Figure 3.1: Breaker implemented on a load system The dc supply reaches to the load side through breaker circuit and the inverter circuit. The breaker circuit is based on thyristor triggering and with the help of thyristor the breaker is made to off state. The dc supply from the breaker circuit is converted into an ac supply with the help of an inverter circuit. When a fault is appeared acrossthe loadside the excessfault currentreachesto the breaker circuitandthe thyristorinside this breaker becomesreversebiasedandthus the supply will be interrupted. Afterthe clearance of faultthe breaker begins to operate. This is the methodology of a thyristor based dc circuit breaker. 4. SIMULATION The proposed system is implemented in MATLAB software and it wasfound clear that this system interruptsthe supply during abnormal conditions at a faster rate.
- 2. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2533 Figure 4.1: Simulation diagram of the breaker system The simulation diagram of the proposed dcbreakerisshown in Figure 4.1. At the load side an ideal switch is placed along with a resistive load. This switch is triggered at 0.1s. When this switch is turned on the load will be increased and thus causes a sudden rise in the current. The excess currentinthe system will reaches to the breaker circuit and this breaker contains thyristors and this thyristor will be in reverse biased state during faulty period. We know thatthethyristor won’t be conducting on a reverse biased state so this will make the breaker circuit to turn off the system. At this time the breaker is tripped automatically. The interruption of the supply when the load is increased is shown in Figure 4.2. And only after the fault clearance the breaker will be in its on-state. We can found in the output waveform that the supply is turned to off state more fastily. Figure 4.2: The interruption of the supply 5. CONCLUSION The thyristor based dc breaker in a dc system can be implemented in a circuit for faster interruption purposes. Comparing to the conventional dc breakers this has lot of advantages. The breaker can be implemented in any dc orac load systems at a lower cost. REFERENCES [1] Keith A. Corzine, “A new coupled inductor circuit breaker for dc applications”. IEEEtransactionsonpower electronics, vol. 32, no. 2, february 2017 [2] K. A. Corzine and R. W. Ashton, “A new z-source dc circuit breaker,” in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Ind. Electron., Bari, Italy, Jul. 2010, pp. 585–590. [3] K. A. Corzine and R. W. Ashton, “Structure and analysis of the z-source MVDC breaker,” in Proc. IEEEElectr.Ship Technol. Symp.,Alexandria [4] D. Salomonsson, L. Soder, and A. Sannino, “Protection of low-voltage dc microgrids,” IEEE Trans. Power Del., vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 1045–1053, [5] J. Candelaria and J. D. Park, “VSC-HVDC system protection: A review of current methods,” in Proc. IEEE Power Energy Soc. Power Syst.Conf.,Mar. 2011,pp.1–7. BIOGRAPHY Ajish U is an M.Tech. power electronicsand drives scholar at Nehru College Of Engineering and Research centre, Pampady, Thrissur, kerala. He has completed his B.Tech. degree in Electrical and electronics Engineering from Ahalia School of Engineering and Technology, Kanjikode, Palakkad, Kerala.