IRJET- Agricultural Parameters Monitoring System using IoT

INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (IRJET) E-ISSN: 2395-0056
VOLUME: 06 ISSUE: 03 | MAR 2019 WWW.IRJET.NET P-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 5339
Agricultural Parameters Monitoring System using IoT
Mrs. Parvin Kinikar1, Mayuri Salunkhe2, Shweta Garud3, Ankita Shedage4, Sanjeevani Gaikwad5
1Assistant Professor, Dept. of ETC, DACOE, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA
2,3,4Student, Dept. of ETC, DACOE, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA
5 Self Researcher
----------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract — Agriculture is the main occupation in India. So
many people used traditional methods or techniques in
their farming. There are lots of hurdles that arise in
traditional farming so there is need to minimize the
hurdles in agriculture field and also to increase the
productivity there is need to use some innovative
technology and technique. In this system we use IOT
technique. It is an emerging technology. The Internet of
Things (IOT) is used for making agriculture field smart and
to solve the measure problems of farmers. IOT technology
helps in collecting information of weather conditions like
temperature, humidity and also to measure soil moisture
and water level. It interacts between objects and things as
a shared network with internet connection provided. The
aim of this work is introduce a system to collect field data
and to reduce farmer’s efforts. Farmers also keep updated
with the ongoing condition of his agriculture land using
their smart phone.
Keywords—IOT, temperature, Raspberrypi 3 B
1. INTRODUCTION
Agriculture plays an important role in the life of an
agronomics. It is the backbone of our economic as well as
agronomics system. In India so many people uses
traditional methods for farming. Therefore the productivity
of farm becoming low. Due to this farmers suffer large
number of problems. To overcome this problem we design
a system based on IOT.
Internet of things (IOT) is widely used technology in now
days. IOT is mainly used for connecting devices and
collecting data information. Agricultural parameter
monitoring is systems which monitor agricultural
parameters like soil moisture, temperature, humidity and
gas. Raspberry pi 3B module is used for the system.
The aim of proposed system is making agriculture smart
using IOT. This technology provides automation. The
highlighting feature of the system is smart irrigation with
smart control based on real time field data.
1.1 LITERATURE SURVEY
K. Lokesh Krishna et.al., In this paper, design and
implementation of a novel wireless mobile robot is
designed and implemented. It is equipped with various
sensors to monitor different environmental parameters
that are suitable for croup yield. Monitoring of crops
wirelessly allows reducing labor cost and also helps to track
the changes accurately occurring instantly in real time at
the field. The proposed system is capable of controlling the
essential parameters necessary for plant growth. So this
proposed smart agricultural system of farming is user
friendly and highly robust.[1] Pratibha S. R. et.al., ‘Internet
of things’ is far and wide castoff in relative devices and
gathering statistics. This agriculture monitoring system
serves as a reliable and efficient system and corrective
action can be taken. Wireless monitoring of field reduces
the human power and it also allows user to see accurate
changes in crop yield. It is cheaper in cost and consumes
less power the smart agriculture system has been designed
and synthesized. The developed system is more efficient
and beneficial for farmers. It gives the information about
the temperature, humidity of the air in agricultural field
through MMS to the farmer, if it fallout from optimal range.
The system can be used in green house and temperature
depend in plants.[2] Carlos Cambra et.al., This paper
describes the way that communication technologies and
intelligent context- service systems provide autonomous
decision without human interaction it uses LoRa WAN
network protocol which provides a long distance
communication with very low energy consumption
levels.[3] Abdullah Na, William Isaac, Produces a
agricultural mode in IOT environment which is human
centric. It incorporates IOT and cloud computing
ubiquitously to remove the inefficiency and lack of
management, which are the root of problems in
agriculture.[4] Rajalakshmi P. et.al., Described to monitor
the crop field using soil moisture sensors temperature and
humidity sensor, light sensor and automated the irrigation
system the data from sensors are send to web server using
wireless transmission and JSON format is used for data
encoding to maintain server database. The moisture and
temperature of the agriculture field falls below the brink,
irrigation system will be automated. The notifications are
sent to farmers mobile periodically and farmers can be able
to monitor the field conditions from anywhere. The
parameters used here are soil moisture sensor,
temperature and humidity sensor- DHT11, LDR used as
light sensor and web server- NRF24L01 used for
transmitter and receiver. This system will be more useful in
areas where water is in scarcity and it is 92% more efficient
than the conventional approach.[5]

1.2 SYSTEM OVERVIEW:
The Project consists of five major components, Raspberry
Pi 3B, DHT11 Sensor, Soil Moisture sensor, Gas sensor
(MQ2), LDR (Light Intensity).
Block Diagram:
Fig.1 Block Diagram of Agricultural parameters Monitoring
system using IOT
Hardware Used:
a) Raspberry Pi 3 B+:
It is main part of the project Raspberry Pi is sensational
single board computer (SBC) and development board,
which is heavily used for the prototyping of IOT based
products. It is used for interfacing various sensors and
performing required task. Raspbian is the recommended
operating system for use on a Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ fig
2. It is free operating system which is based on Debian,
optimized for the Raspberry Pi hardware. It is a low power,
high performance controller for interfacing various
sensors and performing the required task based on the
written program.
Fig.2 Raspberry Pi model 3B+
b) Soil Moisture Sensor :
The Soil Moisture Sensor is detects moisture level of the soil
which is near to the sensor, which is ideal for monitoring
the plants or the soil moisture. This sensor uses two probes
to pass current through the soil, and then it reads that
resistance to get the moisture level. Excess water makes the
soil conduct electricity better; while dry soil conducts
electricity poor. Fig.3 shows a typical moisture sensor used
in the system.
Fig.3 Soil Moisture Sensor
c) Gas Sensor (MQ2) :
This Gas Sensor module is useful for gas leakage detection
in home and industry. It can detect Carbon dioxide, H2,
LPG, Methane, CO, Alcohol, Smoke, and also Propane. Due
to Its fast response time measurements can be taken as
early as possible. Also its sensitivity can be change using
the potentiometer. When the target combustible gas is
alive, the sensor’s conductivity is increase along with the
gas concentration is also increases.
Fig.4 Gas (MQ2) Sensor
d) DHT11 Sensor :
DHT11 uses a capacitive humidity sensor and a thermistor
to measure the air which is around the sensor, and spits
out a digital signal on the data pin. It is simple to use, but
requires carefully timing to grab data. It is digital sensor.
Raspberry
Pi
3B+
12V Supply
Power
Supply
LDR
MQ2
Sensor
Soil
Moisture
sensor
Servo Motor Robot Car
IC
MCP
3008
A/D
Converter
Smart
Phone
IOT
Applic
ation
Motor
Driver
DHT11
Sensor

Fig.5 DHT 11 Sensor
e) LDR :
It is a different type of resistor which is nothing but
variable resistance that changes with the intensity of light
that falls upon it. Using LDR to provide automation to
exterior light is a very smart technique to avoid
unnecessary usage of it as mostly in home many of the
people forget to switch it off in day time so it is a very
powerful approach in releasing such wastage of electricity
Fig.6 LDR
Software Used:
a) Python :
Python is an Language which is interpreted high-level
programming language for general-purpose programming.
Created by Guido van Rossum, first released this language
in 1991, Python is used for design philosophy that
emphasizes code readability, a syntax allows programmers
to express concepts in few lines of code, and using
significant whitespace. It provides constructions of that
enable clear programming on small as well as large scales.
b) ThingSpeak:
ThingSpeak is an open source used in Internet of Things
application and API Key is used for store as well as retrieve
data from things using the HTTP protocol over the Internet
or via a Local Area Network. ThingSpeak allow to the
creates the sensor logging applications, location tracking
applications, and also a social network of things with
status updates.
ThingSpeak was launched as service in support of IoT
applications.
2. Graph Plots:
The final Output of the project on ThingSpeak as shown
below.
Fig.7 Monitored data from Temperature sensor
Fig.8 Monitored data from Humidity Sensor
Fig.9 Monitored data from Soil Moisture Sensor

Fig.10 Monitored data from Gas Sensor
Fig.11 Monitored data from LDR
In the paper, the main aim is to propose model for
Agriculture system. In this proposed work, Raspberry Pi 3
Model B+ is the main controller. All the sensors such as soil
moisture, humidity, LDR sensor, Gas sensor are interfaced
to Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ which is located on the
wireless mobile robot.
CONCLUSION:
In smart agriculture system using IOT has been designed
and in this system. The system developed is beneficial and
works in cost effective manner. The sensors are
successfully interfaced with raspberry pi and wireless
communication is done. By using latest IOT concept farmers
can get the information about his farm. By using various
sensors agricultural product quality can be improved. The
system is very useful in areas where water availability is a
measure problem. The productivity of the crop increases
and the wastages of crops is very much reduce using this
agriculture system. The developed system is more helpful
and gives more feasible results.
FUTURE SCOPE:
The project can be enhanced by using a sensor to note the
soil moisture value such that usage of unnecessary
Fertilizers can be reduced. A water meter can be added to
estimate the amount of water used for water irrigation and
thus giving cost estimation. Further, it also reduces the
investment of farmers.
REFERENCES:
[1] K. Lokesh Krishna, Omayo Silver, Wasswa Fahad
Malemde, K. Anuradha, “Internet of Things Application
for implementation of smart Agriculture system”,
International Conference on I -
SMAC (IOT in social, mobile, analysis and cloud) (I-
SMAC 2017).
[2] Prathibha S R1, Anupama Hongal 2, Jyoti M P3, “IOT
based Monitoring System in Smart Agriculture”, 2017
International conference on Recent Advances in
Electronics and Communication technology.
[3] Carlos Cambra, Sandra sendra, Jaime Lloret, Laura
Garcia, “An IOT Service- Oriented System for
Agriculture Monitoring”, IEEE ICC 2017 SAC
Symposium Internet of things Track.
[4] Abdullah Na, William Isaac, “Developing a Human-
Centric Agriculture Model in the IOT Environment”,
2016 International Conference on Internet of Things
and Applications (IOTA) Maharashtra Institute of
Technology, Pune, India 22Jan-24Jan, 2016,978-1-
5090-0044-9/162016IEEE.
[5] Rajalakshmi P, Mrs. S.Devi Mahalakshmi “IOT Based
Crop Field Monitoring and Irrigation
Automation” 10th International Conference on
Intelligent systems and control (ISCO), 7-8 Jan 2016
published in IEEE Xplore Nov 2016.

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