IRJET- Analysis of Circular Microstrip Antenna using Different Substrates for Bluetooth Applications
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1) The document analyzes circular microstrip antennas (CMSAs) designed for Bluetooth applications using four different substrates: FR-4, polyester, quartz glass, and RT/duroid. 2) Simulation results found that the CMSA with RT/duroid substrate had the best performance in terms of return loss, VSWR, peak gain, and directivity. However, the FR-4 substrate provided the largest bandwidth of 70 MHz. 3) In general, the RT/duroid substrate provided the best overall performance for Bluetooth applications, while the FR-4 substrate allowed for the largest operating bandwidth.
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 04 | Apr 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3540
Analysis of Circular Microstrip Antenna using Different Substrates for
Bluetooth Applications
Akanksha S. Salve1, Rahul V. Misal2, Ganesh M. Kale3, Dr. S. B. Deosarkar4,
Dr. S. L. Nalbalwar5
1,2B. Tech Student, Department of E&TC, Dr. BATU, Lonere - 402103, India
3Assistant Professor,Department of E&TC, Dr. BATU, Lonere - 402103, India
4Professor,Department of E&TC, Dr. BATU, Lonere - 402103, India
5Head of Department,Department of E&TC, Dr. BATU, Lonere - 402103, India
---------------------------------------------------------------------***----------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - In this article, four Circular Microstrip
Antennas are designed for different substrates. Four CMSAs
are designed using FR-4, Polyester, Quartz Glass and RT/
duroid dielectric material, and having dielectric constants
2.2, 4.4, 3.7, 3.2 respectively at Bluetooth frequency 2.4 GHz.
These CMSAs are compared in terms of return loss, Voltage
Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR), impedance, peak gain,
directivity, radiation pattern, bandwidth, and radiation
efficiency. The circular patch is used as the main radiator
for all antennas. The maximum bandwidth of 70 MHz has
been achieved for FR-4. The ANSYS Electronics Desktop
HFSS is used for the simulation.
Key Words: CMSA, Bluetooth-Band, substrate analysis,
Dielectric constant.
1. INTRODUCTION
Microstrip antenna is mostly used in a wireless
communication application. These antennas are mostly
used because it is light weighted, low cost, easy to
fabricate, etc. The first antenna was designed by
Deschamps in 1953. In telecommunication, the microstrip
antenna for fabrication uses microstrip technique on PCB.
The microstrip antenna is used for many pragmatic
applications like Bluetooth, WLAN, WiMAX so on. There
are so many advantages like small volume, light weighted,
low profile configuration, easy to fabricate and so on [1].
In this paper, the author represents the design of using
different substrate on a rectangular microstrip antenna for
S-band. Here we can use a polyester substrate. This patch
was purposed to operate at 3 GHz frequency for different
substrate material [2]. In [3-4], the author designed E-
shaped MSAs for IEEE 802.11 a high-speed WLAN
standard.
In [5], microstrip antenna for WALN application using
aperture feed and probe feed. Here they can use the
square patch with ‘dual loop’ shape slot cut into patch area
slotted antenna of bandwidth is 840MHz is used. The slot
loaded MSA for Bluetooth and WiMAX applications is
reported, and antenna uses FR-4 dielectric material [6]. In
[7], Jiun-Wen Yang et al. represents circularly polarized
MSA at 2.4 GHz WLAN application, the square ring patch
antenna, a winding structure loaded with 100-ohm
resistor chip is used as feeding mechanism of this antenna.
In this paper, they can use the RT5880 dielectric substrate.
There is a single band slotted MSA is used, and it is used
for 5G wireless application. [8]. There are uses of the dual
feeding techniques, this is the circularly polarized antenna
for a single band and it operates at 2.45 GHz frequency for
RFID applications [9]. In [10], authors represent the U-
shaped microstrip patch antenna for quad bands S-Band,
C-Band and X-Band and antenna uses Teflon based
dielectric material. In [11], Rajan Fotedar et al. have been
presented various shaped MSAs for 2.4 GHz application
with FR-4 dielectric material. A compact and wideband
swastika shaped MSA for X-band applications designed
with dielectric material FR-4 and excited by coaxial probe
[12]. In [13], the author investigated the dual-band slot
loaded MSA with FR-4 dielectric substrate. In this paper,
they can use H- shape patch antenna. It operates 2.4GHz
frequency for WLAN application [14].
In this article, CMSA is studying with four various
dielectric constants, it references is given in the below
table. These antennas are excited with a coaxial probe feed
technique at a frequency of 2.4 GHz for Bluetooth
application. in this paper, the thickness of FR4, polyester,
and quartz glass 1.6mm is used and for RT/duroid
1.588mm is used for all simulations.
2. DESIGN OF CIRCULAR MICROSTRIP ANTENNA
Fig. 1 shows the schematic of the CMSA. The CMSA is
fed by 50 ohm SMA coaxial probe feed technique. The
CMSA mainly lie of a metalizing circular patch over a thin
microstrip substrate. The ground plane is on the bottom
side surface. The probe feed consists of inner and outer
conductors, the inner conductor is connected to the
radiating element and the outer conductor is attached to
the ground plane.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v6i41136-190729061657/85/IRJET-Analysis-of-Circular-Microstrip-Antenna-using-Different-Substrates-for-Bluetooth-Applications-1-320.jpg)
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 04 | Apr 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3541
Fig -1: Schematic of circular microstrip antenna
Fig -2: HFSS generated Circular microstrip antenna
Fig.2 shows a photograph of the HFSS generated Circular
microstrip antenna. The probe feed is located where
impedance matching takes place. The radius of the CMSA
is calculated from followings equations [1]. Where, is
dielectric constant of substrate and h is the height of
substrate, c is speed of light. All CMSAs have been
designed for 2.4 GHz frequency.
The Radius of CSMA is given as
{ ( ) }
⁄
where,
F =
√
The substrate dimension is given as
=L+6h
=W+6h
Table -1: Substrate Materials
Substrate Type tan δ fr (GHz) h(mm)
FR-4 4.4 0.02 2.4 1.6
Polyester
0.003 2.4 1.6
Quartz Glass
3.78
0
2.4 1.6
RT/duroid
5880
2.2
0.0009
2.4 1.588
Fig -3: Return loss versus frequency of proposed CMSAs.
Fig -4: VSWR versus frequency of proposed CMSAs.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v6i41136-190729061657/85/IRJET-Analysis-of-Circular-Microstrip-Antenna-using-Different-Substrates-for-Bluetooth-Applications-2-320.jpg)
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 04 | Apr 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3543
performance from outcomes, it is also observed that good
impedance coordinate with the coaxial probe feed
technique, so fr4 gives the good performance to us. Fig.6
In all substrate the coaxial probe feeding technique is
passed through VSWR line 1 and 2, so VSWR lies between
2:1 for each substrate. Fig.6 depicts S11 curves on the
Smith chart of proposed CMSAs. It is observed that all the
curves are passes through VSWR 2:1 circle and also noted
that good impedance matching has been observed for
Polyester. Radiation characteristics for all CMSAs are
shown in Fig. 7 and form this it is observed that RT/duroid
shows maximum peak gain of 3.9 dBi.
4. CONCLUSION
Generalized observation of the outcomes found by the
simulation of CMSAs can help us to draw some conclusions
about the tradeoff and design parameters. The purpose of
this article is to design coaxial fed CMSAs with different
substrates that can operate at Bluetooth frequency of 2.4
GHz and study the performance parameter of CMSAs for
each substrate. Form the simulation results, it is
encountered that the preferable return loss from
RT/duroid is -16.3dB, VSWR of 1.369, peak gain is 3.9, the
impedance of 42.02, directivity is 4.07. The substrate FR-4
gives better performance in terms of bandwidth which is
70 MHz and maximum efficiency has been obtained for
Quartz glass and it is 100%.
REFERENCES
[1] C.A. Balanis, Antenna theory analysis and design (2nd
ed.). New York Wiley 1997.
[2] Sagar D. Mahamine, Rahul S. Parbat, Shekhar H.
Bodake, Mahesh P. Aher, “Effects of Different
Substrates on Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna
for S-band”, IEEE International Conference on
ICACDOT,2016.
[3] Yuehe Ge, Member, Karu P. Esselle, and Trevor S. Bird,
“E-Shaped Patch Antennas for High-Speed Wireless
Networks” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. vol. 52, no.
12, pp. 3213–3219, Dec 2004.
[4] Mamta Devi Sharma, Abhishek Katariya, Dr. R. S.
Meena, “E Shaped Patch Microstrip Antenna for WLAN
Application Using Probe Feed and Aperture Feed”,
IEEE International Conference on Communication
Systems and Network Technologies2012.
[5] Ajay Kumar Sharma, B.V.R Reddy, Ashok Mittal, “Slot
Loaded Microstrip Patch Antenna for WLAN and
WiMax Applications”, IEEE International Conference on
Computational Intelligence & Communication
Technology 2015.
[6] Kale Ganesh M, Labade Rekha P, and Pawase Ramesh
S, “Tunable and Dual Band Rectangular Microstrip
Antenna for Bluetooth And WiMAX Applications”,
Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 57,
No. 8, pp-1986-1991, August 2015.
[7] Jiun-Wen Yang, Ting-Yi Tsai, Chun-Cheng Chan, and
Chow-Yen-Desmond Sim, “Small Size Circularly
Polarized Patch Antenna for 2.4 GHz WLAN
Applications”, IEEE conference on APCAP,2016.
[8] Jyoti Saini, S. K. Agarwal, “Design a Single Band
Microstrip Patch Antenna at 60 GHz Millimeter Wave
for 5G Application”, IEEE, International Conference on
Computer, Communications and Electronics, 2017.
[9] M. I. Sabran, S. K. A. Rahim, M. S. A. Rani, M. Z. M. Nor,
“A Single Band Dual-Fed Circular Polarization
Microstrip Antenna for RFID Application”,IEEE
international RF an microwave conference ,2011.
[10] Chandra Bhan, Ajay Kumar Dwivedi, Brijesh Mishra,
Anil Kumar, “Quad Bands U-shaped Slot Loaded Probe
Fed Microstrip Patch Antenna”, Second International
Conference on Advances in Computing and
Communication Engineering 2015.
[11] Rajan Fotedar, Pankaj Singh Garia, Rahul Saini, A.
Vidyarthi, R. Gowri, “Performance Analysis of
Microstrip Antennas using Different Shapes of Patch at
2.4 GHz”, Second International Conference on Advances
in Computing and Communication Engineering, 2015.
[12] Vivek Singh, Brijesh Mishra, Rajeev Singh, “A Compact
and Wide Band Microstrip Patch Antenna for X-Band
Applications”, IEEE Second International Conference on
Advances in Computing and Communication
Engineering 2015.
[13] Ganesh M. Kale, R. P. Labade, and R. S. Pawase, “Open
Rectangular Ring Slot Loaded Rectangular Microstrip
Antenna for Dual-Frequency Operation”, Microwave
Opt Technol Lett, Vol. 57, No. 10, pp. 2448 2452,
October 2015.
[14] Aravindraj. E, Dr. K. Ayyappan, “Design Of Slotted H-
Shaped Patch Antenna For 2.4 GHz WLAN
Applications”, IEEE International Conference on ICCCI -
2017, 2017.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v6i41136-190729061657/85/IRJET-Analysis-of-Circular-Microstrip-Antenna-using-Different-Substrates-for-Bluetooth-Applications-4-320.jpg)
IRJET- Analysis of Circular Microstrip Antenna using Different Substrates for Bluetooth Applications
- 1. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 04 | Apr 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3540 Analysis of Circular Microstrip Antenna using Different Substrates for Bluetooth Applications Akanksha S. Salve1, Rahul V. Misal2, Ganesh M. Kale3, Dr. S. B. Deosarkar4, Dr. S. L. Nalbalwar5 1,2B. Tech Student, Department of E&TC, Dr. BATU, Lonere - 402103, India 3Assistant Professor,Department of E&TC, Dr. BATU, Lonere - 402103, India 4Professor,Department of E&TC, Dr. BATU, Lonere - 402103, India 5Head of Department,Department of E&TC, Dr. BATU, Lonere - 402103, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - In this article, four Circular Microstrip Antennas are designed for different substrates. Four CMSAs are designed using FR-4, Polyester, Quartz Glass and RT/ duroid dielectric material, and having dielectric constants 2.2, 4.4, 3.7, 3.2 respectively at Bluetooth frequency 2.4 GHz. These CMSAs are compared in terms of return loss, Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR), impedance, peak gain, directivity, radiation pattern, bandwidth, and radiation efficiency. The circular patch is used as the main radiator for all antennas. The maximum bandwidth of 70 MHz has been achieved for FR-4. The ANSYS Electronics Desktop HFSS is used for the simulation. Key Words: CMSA, Bluetooth-Band, substrate analysis, Dielectric constant. 1. INTRODUCTION Microstrip antenna is mostly used in a wireless communication application. These antennas are mostly used because it is light weighted, low cost, easy to fabricate, etc. The first antenna was designed by Deschamps in 1953. In telecommunication, the microstrip antenna for fabrication uses microstrip technique on PCB. The microstrip antenna is used for many pragmatic applications like Bluetooth, WLAN, WiMAX so on. There are so many advantages like small volume, light weighted, low profile configuration, easy to fabricate and so on [1]. In this paper, the author represents the design of using different substrate on a rectangular microstrip antenna for S-band. Here we can use a polyester substrate. This patch was purposed to operate at 3 GHz frequency for different substrate material [2]. In [3-4], the author designed E- shaped MSAs for IEEE 802.11 a high-speed WLAN standard. In [5], microstrip antenna for WALN application using aperture feed and probe feed. Here they can use the square patch with ‘dual loop’ shape slot cut into patch area slotted antenna of bandwidth is 840MHz is used. The slot loaded MSA for Bluetooth and WiMAX applications is reported, and antenna uses FR-4 dielectric material [6]. In [7], Jiun-Wen Yang et al. represents circularly polarized MSA at 2.4 GHz WLAN application, the square ring patch antenna, a winding structure loaded with 100-ohm resistor chip is used as feeding mechanism of this antenna. In this paper, they can use the RT5880 dielectric substrate. There is a single band slotted MSA is used, and it is used for 5G wireless application. [8]. There are uses of the dual feeding techniques, this is the circularly polarized antenna for a single band and it operates at 2.45 GHz frequency for RFID applications [9]. In [10], authors represent the U- shaped microstrip patch antenna for quad bands S-Band, C-Band and X-Band and antenna uses Teflon based dielectric material. In [11], Rajan Fotedar et al. have been presented various shaped MSAs for 2.4 GHz application with FR-4 dielectric material. A compact and wideband swastika shaped MSA for X-band applications designed with dielectric material FR-4 and excited by coaxial probe [12]. In [13], the author investigated the dual-band slot loaded MSA with FR-4 dielectric substrate. In this paper, they can use H- shape patch antenna. It operates 2.4GHz frequency for WLAN application [14]. In this article, CMSA is studying with four various dielectric constants, it references is given in the below table. These antennas are excited with a coaxial probe feed technique at a frequency of 2.4 GHz for Bluetooth application. in this paper, the thickness of FR4, polyester, and quartz glass 1.6mm is used and for RT/duroid 1.588mm is used for all simulations. 2. DESIGN OF CIRCULAR MICROSTRIP ANTENNA Fig. 1 shows the schematic of the CMSA. The CMSA is fed by 50 ohm SMA coaxial probe feed technique. The CMSA mainly lie of a metalizing circular patch over a thin microstrip substrate. The ground plane is on the bottom side surface. The probe feed consists of inner and outer conductors, the inner conductor is connected to the radiating element and the outer conductor is attached to the ground plane.
- 2. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 04 | Apr 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3541 Fig -1: Schematic of circular microstrip antenna Fig -2: HFSS generated Circular microstrip antenna Fig.2 shows a photograph of the HFSS generated Circular microstrip antenna. The probe feed is located where impedance matching takes place. The radius of the CMSA is calculated from followings equations [1]. Where, is dielectric constant of substrate and h is the height of substrate, c is speed of light. All CMSAs have been designed for 2.4 GHz frequency. The Radius of CSMA is given as { ( ) } ⁄ where, F = √ The substrate dimension is given as =L+6h =W+6h Table -1: Substrate Materials Substrate Type tan δ fr (GHz) h(mm) FR-4 4.4 0.02 2.4 1.6 Polyester 0.003 2.4 1.6 Quartz Glass 3.78 0 2.4 1.6 RT/duroid 5880 2.2 0.0009 2.4 1.588 Fig -3: Return loss versus frequency of proposed CMSAs. Fig -4: VSWR versus frequency of proposed CMSAs.
- 3. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 04 | Apr 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3542 Fig -5: Impedance versus frequency of proposed CMSAs. Fig -6: S11 curves proposed antennas. 3. RESULTS AND DISSCUSSION Various substrate materials are considered and simulated them by placing on the proposed model at 2.4 GHz. The parametric analysis is done for the different substrate with respect to parameters such as reflection coefficient (S_11≤-10dB), VSWR (2:1), impedance, peak gain (positive real value) and efficiency. The determination is made on the basis of which substrate showing good result regarding said parameters. Fig.3 shows that return loss versus frequency of proposed four probe fed CMSAs for different substrates, at 2.4 GHz (Bluetooth Band). From the result, return losses are noted as -16.13, -14.92, -15.61 and -15.56 dB respectively and it is observed that maximum return loss is found for RT/duroid. The bandwidths for all substrates are noted as 50MHz, 70MHz, 40MHz, and 40MHz respectively and the maximum bandwidth of 70 MHz is obtained for FR-4. Table -2: Substrate Materials Parameters /Substrates RT/duroid FR-4 Polyest er Quartz glass Return Loss -16.13 -14.92 -15.61 -15.56 VSWR 1.36 1.42 1.39 1.40 Impedance (real) 42.02 66.38 31.03 29.23 Peak gain 3.93 1.32 2.58 2.87 Directivity 4.07 2.79 2.92 2.87 Radiation efficiency (%) 96 47 88 100 Bandwidth (MHz) 50 70 40 40 Fig -6: Radiation pattern for (a) FR4, (b) polyester, (c) quartz glass, and (d) RT/duroid Fig.4 depicts the VSWR graph versus frequency proposed antenna for coaxial probe feed, at frequency 2.4GHz for CSMA for various substrate such as FR4, polyester, quartz glass and RT/duroid respectively, and VSWR are noted as 1.36, 1.42, 1.39, 1.40 respectively, and it is also noted that good impedance matching for RT/duroid substrate and VSWR for that nearly to the 1.36. It means that the good impedance is matching with ideal value and VSWR is near to the 1. Fig.5 render that impedance versus frequency proposed antenna, in RT/ duroid gives real impedance is 42.02 and imaginary is - 17.93, FR4 gives the real value is 66.38 and imaginary value is -10.13, then polyester gives real value is 31.03 and imaginary value is -14.37, and quartz give the real value is 29.23 and imaginary value is -12.96. So, the overall
- 4. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 04 | Apr 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3543 performance from outcomes, it is also observed that good impedance coordinate with the coaxial probe feed technique, so fr4 gives the good performance to us. Fig.6 In all substrate the coaxial probe feeding technique is passed through VSWR line 1 and 2, so VSWR lies between 2:1 for each substrate. Fig.6 depicts S11 curves on the Smith chart of proposed CMSAs. It is observed that all the curves are passes through VSWR 2:1 circle and also noted that good impedance matching has been observed for Polyester. Radiation characteristics for all CMSAs are shown in Fig. 7 and form this it is observed that RT/duroid shows maximum peak gain of 3.9 dBi. 4. CONCLUSION Generalized observation of the outcomes found by the simulation of CMSAs can help us to draw some conclusions about the tradeoff and design parameters. The purpose of this article is to design coaxial fed CMSAs with different substrates that can operate at Bluetooth frequency of 2.4 GHz and study the performance parameter of CMSAs for each substrate. Form the simulation results, it is encountered that the preferable return loss from RT/duroid is -16.3dB, VSWR of 1.369, peak gain is 3.9, the impedance of 42.02, directivity is 4.07. The substrate FR-4 gives better performance in terms of bandwidth which is 70 MHz and maximum efficiency has been obtained for Quartz glass and it is 100%. REFERENCES [1] C.A. Balanis, Antenna theory analysis and design (2nd ed.). New York Wiley 1997. [2] Sagar D. Mahamine, Rahul S. Parbat, Shekhar H. Bodake, Mahesh P. Aher, “Effects of Different Substrates on Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna for S-band”, IEEE International Conference on ICACDOT,2016. [3] Yuehe Ge, Member, Karu P. Esselle, and Trevor S. Bird, “E-Shaped Patch Antennas for High-Speed Wireless Networks” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. vol. 52, no. 12, pp. 3213–3219, Dec 2004. [4] Mamta Devi Sharma, Abhishek Katariya, Dr. R. S. Meena, “E Shaped Patch Microstrip Antenna for WLAN Application Using Probe Feed and Aperture Feed”, IEEE International Conference on Communication Systems and Network Technologies2012. [5] Ajay Kumar Sharma, B.V.R Reddy, Ashok Mittal, “Slot Loaded Microstrip Patch Antenna for WLAN and WiMax Applications”, IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence & Communication Technology 2015. [6] Kale Ganesh M, Labade Rekha P, and Pawase Ramesh S, “Tunable and Dual Band Rectangular Microstrip Antenna for Bluetooth And WiMAX Applications”, Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 57, No. 8, pp-1986-1991, August 2015. [7] Jiun-Wen Yang, Ting-Yi Tsai, Chun-Cheng Chan, and Chow-Yen-Desmond Sim, “Small Size Circularly Polarized Patch Antenna for 2.4 GHz WLAN Applications”, IEEE conference on APCAP,2016. [8] Jyoti Saini, S. K. Agarwal, “Design a Single Band Microstrip Patch Antenna at 60 GHz Millimeter Wave for 5G Application”, IEEE, International Conference on Computer, Communications and Electronics, 2017. [9] M. I. Sabran, S. K. A. Rahim, M. S. A. Rani, M. Z. M. Nor, “A Single Band Dual-Fed Circular Polarization Microstrip Antenna for RFID Application”,IEEE international RF an microwave conference ,2011. [10] Chandra Bhan, Ajay Kumar Dwivedi, Brijesh Mishra, Anil Kumar, “Quad Bands U-shaped Slot Loaded Probe Fed Microstrip Patch Antenna”, Second International Conference on Advances in Computing and Communication Engineering 2015. [11] Rajan Fotedar, Pankaj Singh Garia, Rahul Saini, A. Vidyarthi, R. Gowri, “Performance Analysis of Microstrip Antennas using Different Shapes of Patch at 2.4 GHz”, Second International Conference on Advances in Computing and Communication Engineering, 2015. [12] Vivek Singh, Brijesh Mishra, Rajeev Singh, “A Compact and Wide Band Microstrip Patch Antenna for X-Band Applications”, IEEE Second International Conference on Advances in Computing and Communication Engineering 2015. [13] Ganesh M. Kale, R. P. Labade, and R. S. Pawase, “Open Rectangular Ring Slot Loaded Rectangular Microstrip Antenna for Dual-Frequency Operation”, Microwave Opt Technol Lett, Vol. 57, No. 10, pp. 2448 2452, October 2015. [14] Aravindraj. E, Dr. K. Ayyappan, “Design Of Slotted H- Shaped Patch Antenna For 2.4 GHz WLAN Applications”, IEEE International Conference on ICCCI - 2017, 2017.