IRJET- Design of Miniaturized Dual Band Microstrip Patch Antenna Array for Wireless Lan Application

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 09 | Sep 2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 7088
DESIGN OF MINIATURIZED DUAL BAND MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA
ARRAY FOR WIRELESS LAN APPLICATION
N. VENKATA CHAITANYA1
1Asst. Professor, M. Tech, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Vignan’s Institute of Engineering
for Women
D. LOHITHA2, K. DIVYA VANI3, U. L. PRASANNA4, P.SANDHYA5
2,3,4,5 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Vignan’s Institute of Engineering for Women,
Visakhapatnam-46, India
---------------------------------------------------------------------------***----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract – The main objective of this paper is to design and
simulate the miniaturized dual band microstrip patch antenna
for WLAN applications. With the WLAN center frequencies
5.2GHz and 7GHz, we are observing the characteristics of
antenna. In this paper we are using an FR_4 Epoxy material as a
substrate which is having a dielectric constant 4.3 achieving a
return loss of -10.24, VSWR as 1.88 and radiation pattern in
double doughnut shape. The maximum gain obtained in dBm is
7.25. The proposed design has been calculated and results have
been displayed by using High Frequency Structural Simulator
(HFSS).
Keywords: WLAN, microstrip antenna, Return loss, Gain,
VSWR
1. INTRODUCTION
Microstrip antenna is actually a very simple configuration,
where we will be having only a ground plane and then we
have a dielctric material whose dielectric constant is Ԑᵣ of
substrate thickness ‘h’, and then there will be a patch which is
printed on the other side of substrate. Here we are using a
rectangular patch which is defined by its length, which
actually determines the resonance frequency of the antenna;
then by width. Infact if smaller is the width, lesser will be the
radiation, larger is the width, larger will be radiation which
leads to larger bandwidth and larger gain. Here we are giving
microstrip line feed where we connect this microstrip line to
the patch. Since the patch antenna can be viewed as an open
circuited transmission line, the voltage reflection coefficient
will be 1. Patch arrays can provide much higher gain than a
single patch at little additional cost, matching and phase
adjustment cab be performed.
Fig-1: Microstrip Patch Antenna
1.1 ABOUT WLAN
A Wireless LAN (WLAN) is a wireless computer network that
links to or more devices using wireless communication to
form a local area network within a limited area. This gives
users the ability to move around within the area and yet still

be connected to the network. Most modern WLANs are based
on IEEE 802.11 standards and are marked under the Wi-Fi
brand name. Users can access the internet from WLAN
hotspots in restaurants, hotels and now with portable devices
that connect to 3G or 4G networks. Often times this types of
public access points require no registration or password to
join a network. Others can be accessed once registration has
occurred and/or a fee is paid.
1.1 MICROSTRIP ANTENNA IN WLAN
Modern implementations of WLANs range from small in-
home networks to large, campus sized ones to completely
mobile networks on aeroplanes and trains. One need to have
an antenna to access the internet from WLAN and hence we
need to use small size, low cost, light weight antenna for the
extensive use of WLAN which is none other than microstrip
antenna. A wireless LAN is ideal for certain work environment
and can boost work efficiently levels in most cases. WLAN
based spacecraft a receiving antenna with superior rejection
to multipath signals is required. Multipath arises when the
WLAN transmitted signal takes different paths to the
receiving antenna. WLAN uses radio frequencies to transmit
and receive data over air. The radiating patch and the feed
lines are usually etched on dielectric substrate.
2. DESIGN EUQATION
The design antenna with FR-4 substrate is having the
dielectric constant 4.3
Step1: Calculation of the width (w)-
2
1
2 0


r
f
c
W
Step2: Calculation of actual length of the patch-
LLL eff  2
Step3- Calculation of Effective dielectric constant-
2
1
121
2
1
2
1












W
hrr
e
h= thickness of substrate
Step4- Calculation of Effective length-
eff
eff
f
c
L


02
Step5- Calculation of the length extension-
 
  














8.0258.0
264.03.0
412.0
h
W
h
W
hL
eff
eff
Step6- Calculation of resonant frequency-
2
1
22
0
2 





















W
n
L
mc
f
e
e = Effective dielectric constant
Table-1: Dimensions for dual patch MSA
PARAMETERS LENGTH(in mm)
Length of patch 1 3.36
Width of patch 1 4.105
Length of patch 2 3.36/2
Width of patch 2 4.105/2
Length of edgefeed 1 1.8
Width of edgefeed 1 0.783
Length of feedline 1 2.007
Width of feedline 1 0.304

3. SIMULATED RESULTS
After simulation the return loss, gain, voltage standing wave
ratios are calculated.
Fig-2: Design of single patch MSA
Fig: 3 Design of double patch MSA
3.1 S PARAMETER
The electrical networks are characterized by S parameter are
scattering parameter using matched impedances. In practice
the most commonly quoted parameters in regards to antenna
is S11. S11 represents how much power is reflected from
antenna. Hence S11 is known as reflection coefficient of
return loss. If S11=0 dB then all the power is reflected from
the antenna.
Fig-4: S11 parameter of single patch MSA
Fig-5: S11 parameter of dual patch MSA
3.2 VOLTAGE STANDING WAVE RATIO
Voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) is a measurement that
describes the impedance matching of the antenna to the ratio
or transmission line connected to it.
Fig-6: VSWR of single patch MSA

Fig-7: VSWR of dual patch MSA
3.3 Gain
Gain is the conversion of input power into radio waves in a
particular directional
Fig-8: Gain of single patch MSA: 3.35
Fig-9: Gain of single patch MSA: 2.20
Fig-10: Gain of dual patch MSA : 7.25
Fig-11: Gain of dual patch MSA: 5.30
The different characteristics of antenna having different
patches are shown above. The gain of single patch MSA is
observed to be 3.35dBm where as the gain of dual patch MSA
is 7.25dBm. A wireless LAN is ideal for certain work
environment and can boost work efficiently levels in most
cases. WLAN based spacecraft a receiving antenna with
superior rejection to multipath signals is required.
Table-2 : Summary Results
Parameters For single
patch MSA
For dual patch
MSA
Return loss -30.82dB -34.05dB
VSWR 1.56 1.88
Gain(in dB) 3.35 7.25
Substrate FR4 FR4

4. CONCLUSION
This paper represents the design and analysis of dual band
Microstrip patch antenna at resonant frequencies of 5.2GHz
and 7GHz. The simulation is done by using HFSS. The VSWR
should be in the range of 1-2 for good performance of the
antenna. We obtained VSWR of 1.88 and achieved a gain of
7.25dB and return loss of-10.24. The two designed antennas
have a higher gain and a favourable transmission
characteristic in the operating band, which is in accordance
with the requirements of WLAN communication under more
complicated conditions.
5. REFERENCES
[1] Ka Ming Mak ; Hau Wah Lai; Kwai Man Luk; Chi Hou
Chan, "Circularly Polarized Patch Antenna for Future 5G
Mobile Phones," in Access, IEEE,vol.2, no., pp.1521-
1529, 2014.
[2] Antenna Theory, C.Balanis, Wiley, 2nd edition
(1997), Chapter 14.ISBN 0- 471-59268-4.
[3] Asrokin, A.Rahim, M.K.A. Aziz, M.Z.A.A."Dual band
microstrip antenna for wireless LAN application,"
Applied Electromagnetics,2005. APACE 2005. Asia-
Pacific Conference on, vol., no., pp.4 pp., 20-21 Dec.
2005
[4] Y. Cao, C. Lu, and Y. Zhang, “A compact dual band
miniaturized antenna for WLAN operation,” in Proc.
ICMMT, Apr. 2008, pp. 416–419.
[5] Richards, W.F., S.E. Davidson, and S.A. Long, “Dual
band reactively loaded microstrip antenna, ”IEEE Trans.
Ant. Prop., Vol. AP-33,No.5,556-561,1985.
[6]. D.M.Pozar, “Microstrip antenna aperture-coupled to
a microstrip line,” Electron. Lett., vol.21,no.2,pp.49-50.
[7] Khodabakhshi H., Cheldavi A. Irradiation of a six-
layered spherical model of human head in the near field
of a half-wave dipole antenna. IEEE Trans. Microw.
Theory Tech. 2010;58:680–690. doi:
10.1109/TMTT.2010.2040410.
[8] Wang Z., Lee L.Z., Psychoudakis D., Volakis J.L.
Embroidered multiband body-worn antenna for
GSM/PCS/WLAN communications. IEEE Trans.
Antennas Propag. 2014;62:3321–3329. doi:
10.1109/TAP.2014.2314311.

IRJET- Design of Miniaturized Dual Band Microstrip Patch Antenna Array for Wireless Lan Application

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