IRJET- Effect of Different Curing on Strength of Concrete

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 06 | June 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3828
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CURING ON STRENGTH OF CONCRETE
RAM PRATAP YADAV1, KUNDAN KULBUSHAN2
1M.Tech, Department of Civil Engineering, Maharishi University of Information Technology, Lucknow, U.P.
2Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Maharishi University of Information Technology,
Lucknow, U.P.
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Abstract - Normal concrete was prepared with a water-cement ratio of 0.50. cube specimens were cast for testing the
compressive strength at 7 and 28 days of curing respectively using three curing methodsnamelyimmersion, sprinkling andPlastic
sheeting, curing to cure the cube specimens until the day of testing. Test results indicates that water curing (WAC) as well as
sprinkling (spraying) curing provided much better results than membrane (Plastic Sheeting) method of curing. Therateofdrying
was significant when the specimens were subjected to membrane (Plastic sheeting) method of curing. This thus hampered the
hydration process and thus affected the compressive strength property of the hardened concrete. The overall finding of this study
suggests that concrete should be cured by water curing to achieve a better compressive strength.
Key Words: concrete, course aggregate, cement, curing, compressive strength test.
1. INTRODUCTION
Concrete in general is the most commonly used structural material and it consists essentially from mixing water, cement,
aggregate and if necessary special additives withselectedconcreteproportionsoftheingredientstoproduceconcretemixwith
specific properties. The concrete has to be satisfactory in its hardened state and also in its fresh state while being transported
from the mixer and placed in the form work. The requirements in the fresh state are that the consistenceofthe mixis suchthat
it can be compacted by the means desired without excessive effort, and also that the mix be cohesive enough forthe methodof
placing used, not to produce segregation with consequent lack ofthefinishedproduct.Theusual primaryrequirementsofgood
concrete in its hardened state are satisfactory compressive strength, density, durability, tensile strength, etc., are considered.
The selection of more suitable and economical mix can be made, using mix design to give concrete with specified conditions
and any defect in the mix ingredient may cause some problems in the concrete mix, such as segregation, bleeding and may
cause shrinkage and creep after hardening. In warm to hot weathers, in-site concrete quality will vary for many reasons other
than selection of materials and design characteristics. Concrete changes in volume when it loses or gains water. Surface
cracking of fresh concrete occurs due to drying shrinkage caused by rapid loss of water in hot and dry climates. The rate at
which concrete will dry depends on air temperature, concrete temperature, relative humidity and wind velocity. The lack of
proper curing affects the quality of concrete in both fresh and hardened states.Concretehardensandgainsstrength becauseof
A chemical reaction between Portland cement and water. If concrete driesprematurely,therewill beinsufficientwaterforthat
reaction, i.e. .no water, no hydration, no strength gain. According to the standards, ponding is the most through method of
water curing but it is seldom used in the field because it is difficult and cumbersome. Fog spring or sprinkling with nozzles
provides excellent curing, but it requires constant vigilance. Burlap, wet sand and saw dust, usually providegoodcuringwhen
fully saturated. Sealing materials are sheets or membranes placed on the Concrete to reduce the loss of mixing water. Use of
plastic films is one way to protect the fresh concrete and can be applied as soonasfree waterhasdisappearedfrom thesurface.
Liquid membrane curing compounds are one of the practical methods of curing concrete.
2. MATERIALS AND METHODS
Materials:
Cement -
Portland Pozzolana Cement (fly ash based) brand name Birla Gold confirming to IS 1489 (Part 1) -1991wasusedinthisstudy.
Fine Aggregate -
River sand available in Allahabad confirming to IS 383-1970, zone II used in the study. It was completely passedby 4.75mmIS
sieve. Fineness modulus and specific gravity was 2.76 and 2.3 respectively.

Coarse Aggregate -
Locally available coarse aggregate having two fraction 20mm and 10mm sizes individually sieved was used in the present
study. One fraction completely passed through 20 mm sieve and another 10 mm sieve. For mix the ratio of these aggregates
was 60:40 respectively.
Methods
All the building material which was required for the present study such as course aggregate, fine aggregate and cement is
purchased from market and then bring to the concrete technology laboratory as the all the work has to done there only.About
50 kg of cement were bought and 15 kg of course aggregate as well as fine aggregate were bought. After Bringing all the
construction material to the concrete technology laboratory, sample will be prepare for making M20 grade concrete and the
ratio of M20 is 1:1.5:3 so all the construction material are mixed in the specified ratio by volume and water is mixed in the
mixture of building material and the paste is thoroughly mix by the help of trowel. After the preparation of concrete, about 50
cubes of concrete in the size of 15 cm X 15 cm was casted and tempting rod is used for removingairvoids.Thecubecastingwas
done by the help of cube mould of standard size which is easily available in themarket. Thiscastedcubeswereleftin themould
for about 12 hours in order to archive the setting time of cement then it is taken out of the mould by removing nut and bolt
which was used to attached the plates of mould together and then kept in water for curing. After Casting of cubes they were
allow to settle down first and for achieving this the concrete was left in the mould for about 12 hours andwhenthey getset the
cubes were taken out of the mould by removing nut and bolt and then the cubes were directly subjected to different types of
curing. Here three types of curing was used in the current study namely Ponding, Spreying, Covering hold water. After the
curing Compressive strength test will be performed on the casted and cured cube on the 3, 7, 14, 21 & 28 days. The days that
were selected for compressive testing ofconcretecubewereaccordingtoIndianStandard(IS456:2000)andthetestprocedure
that were followed were according to Indian Standard codes.
3. RESULTS
The sample preparation as well as analysis of the cured concrete cubes were done according to the IS 456:2000.
Result for the analysis on the concrete cubes are as follows:-
Types of curing Cover Hold Water Ponding Spraying
Testing days
3 day 7.89 N/mm2 6.54 N/mm2 5.82 N/mm2
7 day 12.43 N/mm2 11.29 N/mm2 10.84 N/mm2
14 day 18.00 N/mm2 17.15 N/mm2 16.00 N/mm2
21 day 18.69 N/mm2 17.71 N/mm2 15.73 N/mm2
28 day 19.82 N/mm2 17.93 N/mm2 16.58 N/mm2
4. CONCLUSIONS
The conclusion for the present investigation is:-
 After casting and curing of concrete cube for 3, 7, 14, 21 & 28 days. The cubes are subjected for compressive test and
the result is tabulated above.
 Curing with water is very effective method. It balance the heat of hydration and helpsingainingcompressivestrength
in concrete. This all happens due to the pore structure and low porosity cause due to heat of hydration which cause
loss of moisture in concrete.
 Covering hold water method of curing provide good compressive strength than the ponding and sprayingmethod.As
we can see in the table above the ponding provide its maximum strength on 14 dayand sprayingprovideat21daybut
covering hold water provide at 14 and 28 days.
 When spraying and ponding are considered, the ponding performance is better than spraying as it provide good
compressive strength. This is because the moisture movement from the concrete specimen is higher in spraying
method, which did not provide and any protection against early drying out of concrete. Hence hydration of cement
reaction was abated.

 The extent of moisture movement was greatly dependent of the methodofcuring.Greatermoisturemovementoccurs
under spraying method, and it significantly affected the strength property of the concrete.
 Normal concrete should be cured by water curing method in order toachievegoodhardenedproperties.Watercuring
produces no loss of moisture, and thereforeenhancescementhydrationreaction.Incaseofwatershortage,incovering
hold water immediate sprinkling can be adopted instead.
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