IRJET- Low Cost IoT based Remote Health Monitoring System
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This document presents a low-cost IoT-based remote health monitoring system that can monitor pulse oximetry, heart rate, and body temperature. The system uses a Wemos Mega development board with an Arduino microcontroller and ESP8266 WiFi chip, along with MAX30105 and MLX90614 sensors. Sensor data is transmitted wirelessly via WiFi to a remote server and can be accessed through a mobile app. The system was tested on 20 volunteers, comparing the data to commercial devices. Future work may focus on miniaturizing components, adding sensors, improving software/security, and using lower power sources.
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 05 | May 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 7984
Low Cost IoT based Remote Health Monitoring System
Shubhanvit Mishra1, Ch Murali Naga Mahesh2, Swayam Shukla3, Shilpa Ravula4,
Shubham Chaudhary5, Pranay Ranjan6
1234*Department of Biomedical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science And Technology Kattankulathur, India
5Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Institute of Science and Technology
Kattankulathur, India
6Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur, Kancheepuram, India
------------------------------------------------------------------------***-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract: Nowadays in Hospitals and healthcare sectors have low costIOT(Internetof Thing)basedremotehealthmonitoring
system and labs, to collect a subject or patients' real-time data is vital to save life and it is also helpful for early detection of a
disease. A prototype of a system which can be set for remote supervising of Pulse oximetry, heart rate, and body temperature
have been discussed in this paper. The system is developed with the help of Wemos Mega development board along with
MAX30105 particle sensor and MLX90614 contactless temperature sensor. The Wemos Mega development board is been
programmed to transmit the data efficiently to a remote server station using a wireless network that interconnects in limited
area following IEEE 802.11 protocol then the patient data can be monitored using an android based satellite phoneorthrough
any internet browser which are connected to that network. The cost of this system is reduced by using open source electronic
hardware and free software. Then system was tested on 20 volunteers and the data were compared with commercially
available device.
Index Terms: Internet of Things in Medicine, Android, remote patient monitoring, heart rate sensing, temperature
sensing, pulse oximetry
I. INTRODUCTION
In India, (IOMT)which stands for' Internet of medical things' is providing new ways for providersandtheirpatientstoreadily
access and use health information, it also as the capability to upgrade the quality, safety, and productivity of health care. In
general, IOMT helps health-care providers to store, collect, retrieve, and to convey information electronically. In home health,
the use of technology that allows patients to supervise their own vital signs from their home and communicate results to a
hospital professional wirelessly could increase the ability to address a problem before a patient requires acute care.
Improvements in sensors which used wireless technologies and the size of their associated hardware have several potential
applications in the medical health system. The capabilitytoremotelymonitorvital signsinreal-timeisa burgeoning interesting
areas [1]. Portability, ease of deployment/scalability,real-time/always-oncapability,reconfigurationandself-organizationare
some of the advantages of using a wireless sensor network in a healthcare system. Wireless devices using some of the existing
communication technologies have some limitations. Some of them are expensiveandnotpower efficient.OtherslikeBluetooth
limit the number of nodes and low transfer speed that can interact with each other at anytime [2]. Therefore, wireless area
network using Wi-Fi has low latency, high transfer rates and high bandwidth.
ESP8266 chip with wife is a good alternative to other wireless technologies. It works with low power and it is able to connect
an enormous number of devices into a single network. It uses 2.4GHz frequency bandwidth. It facilitates wirelessapplications
to use a standard communication protocols totally built on IEEE 802.15.4 technology. for personal wireless area networks
which means related to limited areas. [3]. It also offers low- latency communication between devices without requiring
synchronizing the network delays. Compact systems with a minimumtrainingtimethatarelow-cost,simpleandaffordableare
highly desirable for the applications in human health care. This paper is based on a wifi based system and describes in details
heart rate ,pulse oximetry, and body temperature sensing. The system is developed using Wemos Mega development board
which a combination of an Arduino mega micro-controller and ESP8266 WIFI chip. An experimentona groupof20volunteers
was conducted to measure their heart rate, skin body temperature and pulse oximetry. Burton's equation [4] was applied to
obtain the mean body temperature based on their core and skin body temperatureand itwasconcludedthatthe equationgave
a good estimation of mean body temperature.
II. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
A visionary view of the system is represented in Fig. 1. The core of the system consists of an Arduino Mega micro-controller
hardware and software, MLX90614 infraredbasedtemperaturesensor,MAX301005 particlesensorbasicallyforheartrateand
pulse oximeter sensor, an ESP8266 network IC integrated with Arduino mega in Wemos Mega development board.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v6i51178-191025101830/85/IRJET-Low-Cost-IoT-based-Remote-Health-Monitoring-System-1-320.jpg)
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 05 | May 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 7985
The sensor which is used is placed on patient finger with a clip like arrangement for reducing any disturbance in readings
due to movement of fingers. The readings from the sensors are sent to local area network via router on a given server
through esp8266 chip and the readings can be retrieved using a PC or an android system using a Virtuino App which is
connected to that network. Figure 1: visionary view of the system A.
BATTERY
SOURCE
TEMPERATURE
Figure 1: Conceptual view of the system
A. Wemos Mega Development Board
The Wemos Mega Development Board consist of Arduino Mega is a single-board micro-controller with Espressif Esp8266
network chip integrated thus enables IOMT based electronics process in multidisciplinary projects to be more accessible [5].
The hardware compromises of a elementary Arduino board with a 10-bit ATmega2560 processor and with 54 digital
input/output pins support. The other componentofthe boardisESP8266 WROOMchipwithESP-WROOM-02 mcuwhichishas
built in 32-bit Wi-Fi module which support IP/TCP 10-bit ADC, network stacks, and HSPI/PWM/UART/I2C/I2S interfaces
which are embedded in this module.ESP-WROOM-S2 uses a 32 MB SPI flash workingasSPI/SDIOslave,with8MbpsSPIspeed.
B. Arduino Micro-Controller Software
The Arduino IDE is java based cross-platform application. It is obtain from the Wiring project basically IDE andtheProcessing
programming language . [5]. The Arduino software consists has the boot-loader and a programming languagecompilerwithin
the board. The Arduino hardware can be programmed using a specific programminglanguage whichissimilartoC++.Itmakes
programming micro-controller much easier. It can transmit the data by writing them onto the serial port using a simple serial
communication command with need for synchronization, initialization and/or using interrupts. The Arduino software is free
and open-source. It enormously cuts down the cost of micro-controller programming.
C. Mlx90614 Temperature Sensor
The MLX90614 is an Infra Red thermometer for noncontact temperature measurements[6].Both the Infrared sensitive
thermopile detector chip and the signal conditioning, it also have. low noise amplifier, 17-bit ADC and a very powerful Digital
signal processing unit with high accuracy and resolutionofthethermometer.Thethermometercomesfactorycalibrated witha
digital PWM and SMBus (System Management Bus) output .As in standard form, the 10-bit PWM which is configured to
continuously transmiting the measured temperature ranges from -20C to 120?C, with the output resolution of 0.14.
D. MAX301005 particle sensor
The MAX30105 is an integrated particle-sensing module[7].It consists internal LEDs, low noise electronics with ambientlight
rejection ,optical elements, and photo dectors. It can be functioned in 1.8V power supply and an independent 5.0V power
supply for the internal LEDs. It interacts through a standard I2C-compatible interface. These integrated module can beceased
with the help of software with have zero standby current, allowing the power rails to remain powered in all times. It has very
High Sensitivity Optical Reflective Solution for detection of wide range particle sizes with different variety which is used to
detect heartrate and pulse oximetry.
E. Virtuino mobile application
Virtuino is an Human Machine Interface(HMI) platform for IoT servers, and Arduino based module. It is used to create
virtual display and controls such as on/off button,slider switches in smartphone using android or IOS. It enable us to create
virtual screens on our phone or tablet to control every automation system via Bluetooth, WiFi or Web. SoInoursystemweare
using Wifi.[8].](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v6i51178-191025101830/85/IRJET-Low-Cost-IoT-based-Remote-Health-Monitoring-System-2-320.jpg)
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 05 | May 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 7986
Figure 2: Circuit Diagram of the system
III. Calculations:
A. Temperature calculation
TheMLX90614 is an IR sensor consists of serial connected thermo-couples with cold junctions placed at thick chip substrate
and hot junctions, placed over thin membrane. The IR radiation absorbed from the membrane heats (or cools) it.[6] The
thermopile output signal is:
Where To is the absolute object temperature (Kelvin), Ta is the sensor die absolute (Kelvin) temperature, and A is the overall
sensitivity.
An on board temperature sensor is needed to measure the chip temperature. After measurementoftheoutputof bothsensors,
the corresponding ambient and object temperatures can be calculated. These calculations are done by theinternal DSP,which
produces digital outputs, linearly proportional to measured temperatures and can be read using microcontroller.
B. Heart Rate Calculation
MAX301005 sensor was used to measure Heart rate, which is based on Penpheral Beat Amplitude (PBA) algorithm using
Arduino microcontroller. The Buffer of 100 sample was created and based on intensity chane of IR and Red lightthe heartrate
is measured and averaged using internal DSP sensor in the sensor.[7] The heartrate is then obtained from FIFO register of the
sensor using Arduino microcontroller.
C. Pulse Oximetry Calculation
The basic principle of pulse oximetry is based on the distinctive characteristics of hemoglobin which can be categories into
oxygenated and deoxygenated .based on absorption of red and IR light .Based on absorption of light the Oxygenated
hemoglobin absorbs more infrared lightandauthorizesmoreredlightstopassthroughwhileontheotherhanddeoxygenated
hemoglobin absorbs more red lights and authorizes more infrared light to pass through [9].Red light ranges lies in between
600-750nm wavelength and the infrared light ranges in between 850-1000nm wavelength light band.
The heart rate sensor uses an infrared light emitter that shine through a translucent site with good blood flow [10]. It has an
emitterwhich emits the IR light. Opposite the emitteris a photo-detector ora phototransistor that receives the light that passes
through or bounces back from the measuring site. There are two methods of sending light through the measuring site:
transmissionand reflectance.In the transmission method, the emitter and detector are opposite each otherwiththemeasuring
site in between and the light can then pass through the site. In the reflectance Using this method Spo2 level are calculated with
the help of DSP within the ic and stored in the output register. Using 1 byte output data which is read using microcontroller.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v6i51178-191025101830/85/IRJET-Low-Cost-IoT-based-Remote-Health-Monitoring-System-3-320.jpg)
IRJET- Low Cost IoT based Remote Health Monitoring System
- 1. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 05 | May 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 7984 Low Cost IoT based Remote Health Monitoring System Shubhanvit Mishra1, Ch Murali Naga Mahesh2, Swayam Shukla3, Shilpa Ravula4, Shubham Chaudhary5, Pranay Ranjan6 1234*Department of Biomedical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science And Technology Kattankulathur, India 5Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur, India 6Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur, Kancheepuram, India ------------------------------------------------------------------------***------------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract: Nowadays in Hospitals and healthcare sectors have low costIOT(Internetof Thing)basedremotehealthmonitoring system and labs, to collect a subject or patients' real-time data is vital to save life and it is also helpful for early detection of a disease. A prototype of a system which can be set for remote supervising of Pulse oximetry, heart rate, and body temperature have been discussed in this paper. The system is developed with the help of Wemos Mega development board along with MAX30105 particle sensor and MLX90614 contactless temperature sensor. The Wemos Mega development board is been programmed to transmit the data efficiently to a remote server station using a wireless network that interconnects in limited area following IEEE 802.11 protocol then the patient data can be monitored using an android based satellite phoneorthrough any internet browser which are connected to that network. The cost of this system is reduced by using open source electronic hardware and free software. Then system was tested on 20 volunteers and the data were compared with commercially available device. Index Terms: Internet of Things in Medicine, Android, remote patient monitoring, heart rate sensing, temperature sensing, pulse oximetry I. INTRODUCTION In India, (IOMT)which stands for' Internet of medical things' is providing new ways for providersandtheirpatientstoreadily access and use health information, it also as the capability to upgrade the quality, safety, and productivity of health care. In general, IOMT helps health-care providers to store, collect, retrieve, and to convey information electronically. In home health, the use of technology that allows patients to supervise their own vital signs from their home and communicate results to a hospital professional wirelessly could increase the ability to address a problem before a patient requires acute care. Improvements in sensors which used wireless technologies and the size of their associated hardware have several potential applications in the medical health system. The capabilitytoremotelymonitorvital signsinreal-timeisa burgeoning interesting areas [1]. Portability, ease of deployment/scalability,real-time/always-oncapability,reconfigurationandself-organizationare some of the advantages of using a wireless sensor network in a healthcare system. Wireless devices using some of the existing communication technologies have some limitations. Some of them are expensiveandnotpower efficient.OtherslikeBluetooth limit the number of nodes and low transfer speed that can interact with each other at anytime [2]. Therefore, wireless area network using Wi-Fi has low latency, high transfer rates and high bandwidth. ESP8266 chip with wife is a good alternative to other wireless technologies. It works with low power and it is able to connect an enormous number of devices into a single network. It uses 2.4GHz frequency bandwidth. It facilitates wirelessapplications to use a standard communication protocols totally built on IEEE 802.15.4 technology. for personal wireless area networks which means related to limited areas. [3]. It also offers low- latency communication between devices without requiring synchronizing the network delays. Compact systems with a minimumtrainingtimethatarelow-cost,simpleandaffordableare highly desirable for the applications in human health care. This paper is based on a wifi based system and describes in details heart rate ,pulse oximetry, and body temperature sensing. The system is developed using Wemos Mega development board which a combination of an Arduino mega micro-controller and ESP8266 WIFI chip. An experimentona groupof20volunteers was conducted to measure their heart rate, skin body temperature and pulse oximetry. Burton's equation [4] was applied to obtain the mean body temperature based on their core and skin body temperatureand itwasconcludedthatthe equationgave a good estimation of mean body temperature. II. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION A visionary view of the system is represented in Fig. 1. The core of the system consists of an Arduino Mega micro-controller hardware and software, MLX90614 infraredbasedtemperaturesensor,MAX301005 particlesensorbasicallyforheartrateand pulse oximeter sensor, an ESP8266 network IC integrated with Arduino mega in Wemos Mega development board.
- 2. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 05 | May 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 7985 The sensor which is used is placed on patient finger with a clip like arrangement for reducing any disturbance in readings due to movement of fingers. The readings from the sensors are sent to local area network via router on a given server through esp8266 chip and the readings can be retrieved using a PC or an android system using a Virtuino App which is connected to that network. Figure 1: visionary view of the system A. BATTERY SOURCE TEMPERATURE Figure 1: Conceptual view of the system A. Wemos Mega Development Board The Wemos Mega Development Board consist of Arduino Mega is a single-board micro-controller with Espressif Esp8266 network chip integrated thus enables IOMT based electronics process in multidisciplinary projects to be more accessible [5]. The hardware compromises of a elementary Arduino board with a 10-bit ATmega2560 processor and with 54 digital input/output pins support. The other componentofthe boardisESP8266 WROOMchipwithESP-WROOM-02 mcuwhichishas built in 32-bit Wi-Fi module which support IP/TCP 10-bit ADC, network stacks, and HSPI/PWM/UART/I2C/I2S interfaces which are embedded in this module.ESP-WROOM-S2 uses a 32 MB SPI flash workingasSPI/SDIOslave,with8MbpsSPIspeed. B. Arduino Micro-Controller Software The Arduino IDE is java based cross-platform application. It is obtain from the Wiring project basically IDE andtheProcessing programming language . [5]. The Arduino software consists has the boot-loader and a programming languagecompilerwithin the board. The Arduino hardware can be programmed using a specific programminglanguage whichissimilartoC++.Itmakes programming micro-controller much easier. It can transmit the data by writing them onto the serial port using a simple serial communication command with need for synchronization, initialization and/or using interrupts. The Arduino software is free and open-source. It enormously cuts down the cost of micro-controller programming. C. Mlx90614 Temperature Sensor The MLX90614 is an Infra Red thermometer for noncontact temperature measurements[6].Both the Infrared sensitive thermopile detector chip and the signal conditioning, it also have. low noise amplifier, 17-bit ADC and a very powerful Digital signal processing unit with high accuracy and resolutionofthethermometer.Thethermometercomesfactorycalibrated witha digital PWM and SMBus (System Management Bus) output .As in standard form, the 10-bit PWM which is configured to continuously transmiting the measured temperature ranges from -20C to 120?C, with the output resolution of 0.14. D. MAX301005 particle sensor The MAX30105 is an integrated particle-sensing module[7].It consists internal LEDs, low noise electronics with ambientlight rejection ,optical elements, and photo dectors. It can be functioned in 1.8V power supply and an independent 5.0V power supply for the internal LEDs. It interacts through a standard I2C-compatible interface. These integrated module can beceased with the help of software with have zero standby current, allowing the power rails to remain powered in all times. It has very High Sensitivity Optical Reflective Solution for detection of wide range particle sizes with different variety which is used to detect heartrate and pulse oximetry. E. Virtuino mobile application Virtuino is an Human Machine Interface(HMI) platform for IoT servers, and Arduino based module. It is used to create virtual display and controls such as on/off button,slider switches in smartphone using android or IOS. It enable us to create virtual screens on our phone or tablet to control every automation system via Bluetooth, WiFi or Web. SoInoursystemweare using Wifi.[8].
- 3. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 05 | May 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 7986 Figure 2: Circuit Diagram of the system III. Calculations: A. Temperature calculation TheMLX90614 is an IR sensor consists of serial connected thermo-couples with cold junctions placed at thick chip substrate and hot junctions, placed over thin membrane. The IR radiation absorbed from the membrane heats (or cools) it.[6] The thermopile output signal is: Where To is the absolute object temperature (Kelvin), Ta is the sensor die absolute (Kelvin) temperature, and A is the overall sensitivity. An on board temperature sensor is needed to measure the chip temperature. After measurementoftheoutputof bothsensors, the corresponding ambient and object temperatures can be calculated. These calculations are done by theinternal DSP,which produces digital outputs, linearly proportional to measured temperatures and can be read using microcontroller. B. Heart Rate Calculation MAX301005 sensor was used to measure Heart rate, which is based on Penpheral Beat Amplitude (PBA) algorithm using Arduino microcontroller. The Buffer of 100 sample was created and based on intensity chane of IR and Red lightthe heartrate is measured and averaged using internal DSP sensor in the sensor.[7] The heartrate is then obtained from FIFO register of the sensor using Arduino microcontroller. C. Pulse Oximetry Calculation The basic principle of pulse oximetry is based on the distinctive characteristics of hemoglobin which can be categories into oxygenated and deoxygenated .based on absorption of red and IR light .Based on absorption of light the Oxygenated hemoglobin absorbs more infrared lightandauthorizesmoreredlightstopassthroughwhileontheotherhanddeoxygenated hemoglobin absorbs more red lights and authorizes more infrared light to pass through [9].Red light ranges lies in between 600-750nm wavelength and the infrared light ranges in between 850-1000nm wavelength light band. The heart rate sensor uses an infrared light emitter that shine through a translucent site with good blood flow [10]. It has an emitterwhich emits the IR light. Opposite the emitteris a photo-detector ora phototransistor that receives the light that passes through or bounces back from the measuring site. There are two methods of sending light through the measuring site: transmissionand reflectance.In the transmission method, the emitter and detector are opposite each otherwiththemeasuring site in between and the light can then pass through the site. In the reflectance Using this method Spo2 level are calculated with the help of DSP within the ic and stored in the output register. Using 1 byte output data which is read using microcontroller.
- 4. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 05 | May 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 7987 IV. RESULT:
- 5. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 05 | May 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 7988 Figure 3: Experimental Setup of the System V. FUTURE WORK This paper shows an ArduinoMega and ESP8266 based wireless healthmonitoringsystemand temperatureandheartrate sensors. An Arduino Mega micro-controller is used to process the data acquired by the sensors and transmit to a remote computer using Wifi network. Although the Arduino micro-controller is small, there is space to further reduce the size make the sensor even smaller and lighter. Further improvement now focuses on evolving software to analyze the data transmitted from the sensors. The software aims to enable two-way communications and remotelychange monitoring requirementbasedontheindividualsituation.The system will allow the micro- controller to be programmed remotely, increase the security of data using a more advanced encryption algorithm. In terms of the micro-controller and the associated PCB boards, further study focus on making the boards smaller and cheaper to further reduce the cost, weight and size of the sensors Currently the sensors use a 5 volts input. Future improvement will lookat the power supply with smaller size and lower voltage input. Along-life,light and cheapbatterywith maximum current input and low input voltage will be an ideal option especially if it can be charged with different power sources. VI. CONCLUSIONS This research was to developa wireless health monitoring systemthatiscapableofmeasuringtwovitalsignsofhealthand communicating with the end device. An initial exploratorystudy on the systempresentedhasbeenconductedonagroupof20 volunteers from 18 to 24 years old. The results of the study identified an acceptable measurement of the human mean body temperature, Spo2 level and heart rate. The research work presentedhas established abaseforsuchahealthcaremonitoringenvironment.Thedevelopedsensors are efficient in reading human mean body temperature,Spo2 level and heart rate.. Through the wireless network, a remote computer or a smartphone is capable to obtain the real time data, perform the analysis and plot the result. With this prototype system, more features can be added such as the functionalities to detect blood pressure and glucose level. With the further development on the reliability of sensor nodes, security and data analysis etc. the systemtogetherwith the remote monitoring software will have an enormous application area not just in human health care field. VII. REFERENCES 1. W. Ealker, T. Polk, A. hande, D. Bhatia, “Remote Blood Pressure Monitoring Using a Wireless SensorNetwork”.Universityof Texas at Dallas. 2. K. Lorincz, et. al, “Sensor Networks for Emergency Response: Challenges and Opportunities”, Pervasive Computing, IEEE , vol.3, no.4, pp. 16- 23, Oct.-Dec. 2004.
- 6. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 05 | May 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 7989 3. B. Sidhu, H. Singh, A. Chhabra, “Emerging Wireless Standards- WiFi, ZigBee and WiMAX”. World Academy of Science, Engineering and technology 25 2007. 4. Burton AC. Human Calorimetry: The average temperature of the tissues of the body. J Nutr. 1935;9:261–280. 5. Arduino Hardware and Software. Retrieved on February 15, 2019 from http://www.arduino.cc 6. MLX90614 family Datasheet Retrieved on February 15, 2019 from https://www.melexis.com/en/documents/documentation/datasheets/ 7. MAX30105-Datasheet Retrieved on February 15, 2019 from https://datasheets.maximintegrated.com/ 8. Virtuino HMI Platform- Retrieved on February 15, 2019 from https://virtuino.com 9. J.P. Lynch, “Overview of Wireless Sensors for the Real-Time Health Monitoring of Civil Structures,” Proc. Of the 4th International Workshop on Structural Control and Monitoring, New York, NY, June 10-11, 2004 10.T. Aoyagi, “Pulse oximetry: its invention, theory, and future,” Journal of Anesthesia, 2003. pp. 259-66.