IRJET- Research and Development of Advanced Fibers Composite Materials and Properties
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This document summarizes research on advanced fiber composite materials (AFCM). It discusses various advanced fibers like carbon, glass, ceramic and organic fibers. It describes the production processes and properties of these fibers. The properties discussed include density, modulus, strength, stiffness and thermal expansion coefficient. Composites using these fibers can be used for lightweight and high strength applications in aerospace. The document concludes that AFCM have great potential for aerospace, aircraft and spacecraft due to their improved mechanical properties compared to traditional materials.
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 09 | Sep 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 55
IM8 1.8 310 0.20 5171 6.7 16.1 ----
P100S 2.15 724 0.20 2199 13.2 5.5 -1.4
T300 1.76 232 0.20 3654 5.1 11.5 -0.5
AS4 1.80 236 0.20 3599 5.1 11.1 -0.8
CONCULUSION:
The paper has to be concluded the Advanced FiberscompositesMaterials(AFCM)theresearchandDevelopment ofsummeried
in this paper(AFCM). They have shown great potensial light weight Aerospace, aeronotics, spacecraft and other simillar
applications and the improvement of Mechanical properties have accomplished the New types of Advanced Fibers Composite
Materials which inclueded Carbon/Glass/Silicon/Organic Fibers/Ceramices/Carbon Fibers. In this work, above mentioned
Fibers, and their impact response, and stress/strain behaviours mass densityandotherpropertiesinvestigatedand Numerical
simulations. The final conculded in the paper is compare the mechanical properties.
AKNOWLEDGMENTS:
The research was Sponsored by the Defence Material and Stores ResearchandDevelopmentEstablishment(DMSRDE)Kanpur
U.P India in Laboratory Experiments. The (DMSRDE) Government of India is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints
for Government purposes any popyrit notation hereon.
REFERENCE:
[1] M. Balachandar, M. Ramkaushik, R. Barath, N. Ramanan “ Experimental characterization of
Laminates, for tensile and impact properties.
[2] Shanyi DU, Songhe Meng, Shaojie. Chen Research and Development of advanced composite
materials for Aerospace Industry in chaina.
[3] Dr. PM Mohite. AE-681 Composite Materials. Office: AE-11Aerospace Engineering.
BIOGRAPHIE
DILIP KUMAR: P.G STUDENT,
OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING,
KIT KANPUR, AKTU, U. P INDIA.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v6i910-191205091824/85/IRJET-Research-and-Development-of-Advanced-Fibers-Composite-Materials-and-Properties-4-320.jpg)
IRJET- Research and Development of Advanced Fibers Composite Materials and Properties
- 1. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 09 | Sep 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 52 “Research and Development of Advanced Fibers Composite Materials and properties” DILIP KUMAR P.G STUDENT, OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, KIT KANPUR, AKTU, U. P INDIA. ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract – Advanced composite materials (ACM) can be used not only light weight materials but also advance functions materials on New, structural functional integrated materials. The advanced composite materials play a vital are capable meeting the various requirements of the technical development in application of advanced composite materials such that’s of (ACM) advanced fibers- boron, aluminum oxide (Al2O3), silicon carbide (Sic) and the cross sectional area offibers.Thematrix materials- polymers: thermoplastics and thermosetting, metals ceramics: carbon and graphite, and problems with using polymer matrix materials: properties of fiber and matrix materials and some of other advance composite materials. Fibrous composites and layered composite, bi-directional composite of (ACM) fiber and matrix systems: properties of fibrous composite. In this paper, the application and advance composite materials some typical work concerting row materials, manufacturing and processing design and analysis testing and briefly discussed. Key words- Advanced Fibers, Ceramic fibers, boron fiber, glass fiber, properties of (AFCM). 1.INTRODUCTION Advanced composite materials (ACM) cannot be used not only as lightweight materials, but also advance functional materials or new structural function integrated materials, which of capable of meeting the various requirementsof air vehicles’ raising structural and technical developments of advanced composite materials. The (ACM) play a vital role in reducing the structural weight of vehicles raising structural efficiency and reliability and prolonging their service life. So they are excellent structural and functional materials. The evolution of materials: use of modern polymer compositesduring world war 2nd military application non-metallic shieldingofradiomen(tohouse electronicredder equipments)Glassfiberreinforced plastic (GERP). The constituents functions of a matrix materials.Enhancessomeofthe propertiesoftheresultingmaterialsand structural materials components (that fiber aloneisnotusestructural componentsandabletoimpact)thesepropertiessuch as transfer strength of lamina and impact resistance. So they are excellent structural and functional materials in aerospace industries and they represented the failure of aerospace materials. In other words, there would be no modern aerospace industries accelerate the developmentof(ACM)greatly.Theresearchanddevelopmentonhighperformancecompositesuchas carbon fibers reinforced resin matrix composites composite. The applicationofadvancedcompositematerials(ACM)hasbeen extended to many different fields. In aircraft advanced composite materials (ACM)hasbeenusedfabricatedmany bestructure from of the substructures, to the main frame of the structures, including vertical trail, horizontal trail wing, fuselage components of helicopters and so on. The (ACM) materialsareusedincomponentsof ChinesefighterssuchasF-811arecarbon fiber and the bismaleimide resin of QY811 or 5405. The portion of (ACM) utilized in the total structureweightofZ-9helicopter is about 25% use the Advanced composite materials. The closed cell rigidfoamnamed divinycellthH60fromDIABis adoptedas the materials to be investigated. 2. ADVANCED FIBERS PRODUCTIONS AND PROPERTIES 2.1 Glass Fibers: The (ACM) ancient Egyptians’ made containers from coarse fibers drown from heat softenedglass(produce by extruding molten glass at 1200 ) passed through spinnerets of 1-2mm diameter then drawing the filaments to produce fiber of diameter between 1-5 m individual filaments is small in diameter, isotropic in behaviors’ and variety forms and properties. Fig.1 row material of glass fibers Fig.2 product of glass fibers
- 2. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 09 | Sep 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 53 E-glass fibers: high strength and high resistivity, S2- glass: high strength modulus and stability under stream temperature, corrosion in an acid environments, C- glass: resists corrosion in acid environments, R- glass: enhanced the mechanical properties, D- glass: dielectric properties internal, the glass fiber are isotropic in natures. 2.2 Carbon Fibers: Carbon fibers- carbon-carbon covalent bond is the strength in nature made the firstcarbonfibersThomas Edison made carbon fibers from bamboo when experimenting for light bulb. Carbon fibers contains 80-95% of carbon and carbon fibers is produce 1300 made from two types of precursor materials (a) polyacrylonitrile (PAN) (PAN Based) (b) Rayon-pitch-residue of petroleum refining (pitch Based). Fig. 3 Row matrial of carbon fibers Fig. 4 Product of carbon fibers Precursor fiber is carbonized rather than melting filaments are made by controlled pyrolysis (chemical deposition by heat)of material in fiber by heat treatment at temprature 1000 - 3000 different fibers have different morphology,origesshapand sizethe morphology is very dependent of manufacturing prosses. The size of individual filament ranges from 3 to 14 mhence very flexibles maximum temprature of use of the fiber rengesfrom250 -2000 propertieschangeswithtemparature athigh temparature. The maximum temparature of use of composite is controlled by the use temparature of the matrix modulus and strength is controlled by the process-thermal decomposition of the organic precursor under well controlled condition of temparature and stress thus carbon-fibers are an isotropic in nature. 2.3 Organic Fibers: Aramid fibers Aromatic polyamide family of nylons. Polyamide 6 = Nylon6andpolyamide6.6= Nylon6.6 melt spun from a liquid solution, morphology – radiallyarrangedcrystalinesheetsresultingintoanisotropicpropertiesandthe filament diamerters about 12 m and partially flexible high tensile strength intermediate modulus and verylowelongationup to breaking pointof the organic fibers. Fig. 5 Organic fiber plants Fig. 6 Organic fibers The lower strength in compression and du-point develop these fibers under the trade man kevlor from polyphenylene, terephthalamide (PPTA) Polymer. 2.4 Ceramic Fibers: Boron fiber it was the first advanced fiber developed stractural aplication ceramic monofilament fibers manufactured by CVD on to a tungesten core of 12 m diameter fiber it self is a composite fiber diameter rangs between 33 - 400 m and typical diameter is 140 m boron is brittle hence large diamerter inlower flexibility.
- 3. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 09 | Sep 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 54 Fig.7 Ceramic fibers Fig. 8 Boron fiber The thermal coefficient mis match betweenboronandtungesteninthermal residual stressesduringfabrical cool downto room temperature. 2.5 Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) these are ceramic fabricated by spening a slury mix of aluminum articleandadditivestoforma yarn which is then subjected to controlled heating fibers ratain strength at high temerature. 3.1 RESULT AND DISCUSSION Fig. 9 stress / strain carve fiber Fig. 10 stress /strain carve of glass fiber Fig.11 stress/strain carve Advanced fibers Fig. 12 mass constituentof glass fibers 3.2 Properties of Advanced fibers Composites Matrials (AFCM) Materials Density Modulus E Poisson ratio Strength Specific stiffeness Speciffic strenght Therm. E. Cofficient Boron 2.6 385 0.21 3799 5.8 8.3 8.3 Kevlar 49 1.44 124 0.34 3620 3.6 13.9 -2.0 SCS-6 3.3 400 0.25 3496 5.1 6.1 5.0 Nicalon 2.55 180 0.25 2000 2.8 4.4 4.0 Aluminum 3.95 379 0.25 1585 3.7 11.9 7.5 S2-Glass 2.46 86.8 0.23 4585 1.4 10.4 1.6 E-Glass 2.58 69 0.22 3450 1.05 7.5 5.4 Saphire 3.97 435 028 3600 4.3 5.1 4.8
- 4. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 09 | Sep 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 55 IM8 1.8 310 0.20 5171 6.7 16.1 ---- P100S 2.15 724 0.20 2199 13.2 5.5 -1.4 T300 1.76 232 0.20 3654 5.1 11.5 -0.5 AS4 1.80 236 0.20 3599 5.1 11.1 -0.8 CONCULUSION: The paper has to be concluded the Advanced FiberscompositesMaterials(AFCM)theresearchandDevelopment ofsummeried in this paper(AFCM). They have shown great potensial light weight Aerospace, aeronotics, spacecraft and other simillar applications and the improvement of Mechanical properties have accomplished the New types of Advanced Fibers Composite Materials which inclueded Carbon/Glass/Silicon/Organic Fibers/Ceramices/Carbon Fibers. In this work, above mentioned Fibers, and their impact response, and stress/strain behaviours mass densityandotherpropertiesinvestigatedand Numerical simulations. The final conculded in the paper is compare the mechanical properties. AKNOWLEDGMENTS: The research was Sponsored by the Defence Material and Stores ResearchandDevelopmentEstablishment(DMSRDE)Kanpur U.P India in Laboratory Experiments. The (DMSRDE) Government of India is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes any popyrit notation hereon. REFERENCE: [1] M. Balachandar, M. Ramkaushik, R. Barath, N. Ramanan “ Experimental characterization of Laminates, for tensile and impact properties. [2] Shanyi DU, Songhe Meng, Shaojie. Chen Research and Development of advanced composite materials for Aerospace Industry in chaina. [3] Dr. PM Mohite. AE-681 Composite Materials. Office: AE-11Aerospace Engineering. BIOGRAPHIE DILIP KUMAR: P.G STUDENT, OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, KIT KANPUR, AKTU, U. P INDIA.