IRJET - Smart Street Light System using IoT

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 03 | Mar 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3093
Smart Street Light System using IoT
Dr.A.S.C.S.SASTRY1, K.A.S.K. Bhargav2, K. Surya Pavan3, M.Narendra4
1Professor, Dept. of ECE, K L E F, Andhra Pradesh, India
2,3,4Student, Dept. of ECE, K L E F, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Abstract - The Word Smart is an acronym for the 5
elements of specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and
time-based. IOT describes the large and growing set of digital
devices as now numbering in the billions which operateacross
networks of potentially global scale. As the world is growing a
bit faster people are being attracted to this word smart. India
is one of the fastest growing economies in the world taking
this as a factor we are implementing a switch to smart
technique - Namely Smart street light system. The manual
streetlight system lights powered from sunset to sunrise with
maximum intensity even when power is available. The Saved
energy can be utilized in various purposes like residential,
commercial etc. This is done by using the LDR sensor.
Considering the intensity of light, we can turn a light on/off.
The power supply to the system is the main supply and
converting them using a Relay. Every city need to have street
light system which is essential. In order to save the energy, we
are using the project through an IOT module. As there is a
tremendous change in the world everything is changing into
automation. This is a smart control and intelligent decision
making devices based on accurate real time field data.
Key Words: Automation, Arduino UNO, Energy Efficiency,
ESP8266 Wifi Module, IoT, LDR, Monitoring, Relay
1. INTRODUCTION
The Internet of Things (IoT) is an assortmentofinterrelated
preparing devices, mechanical or virtual machines, articles,
animals and individuals that have fascinating identifiers
(UIDs) and the ability tomoveinformationovera framework
without expecting of human-to-human.
In light of the joining of various progressions, real time
assessment, AI, thing sensors,andinstalledframeworkswith
systems, the possibility of the Internet of Things has
progressed. Regular fields of introduced structures, remote
sensor frameworks, control systems, automation (tallying
home and building computerization) and others all add to
the Internet of Things.
The Internet of Things (IoT) is an assortmentofinterrelated
preparing devices, mechanical or virtual machines, articles,
animals and individuals that have fascinating identifiers
(UIDs) and the ability tomoveinformationovera framework
without expecting of human-to-human.
In light of the joining of various progressions, real time
assessment, AI, thing sensors,andinstalledframeworkswith
systems, the possibility of the Internet of Things has
progressed. Regular fields of introduced structures, remote
sensor frameworks, control systems, automation (tallying
home and building computerization) and others all add to
the Internet of Things.
IoT uses various progressions and shows to speak with
devices subject to the necessities. The huge advancements
and shows are remote, Wi-Fi-direct, RFID, NFC, radio shows
and Wi-Fi-Direct.
IoT applications are flourishing in general adventures and
markets. The IoT has countless improvement over various
organizations.
The daily lighting system has limited to only two ON and
OFF options, and is not effective, this type of operation
results in power loss due to continued peak voltage. The
diversion of electricity from street lights is therefore one of
the obvious power losses, but with the use of automation,
this results in many new energy and money savings
methods. LDR is used as a sensor in this module. The aim is
to provide an efficient & energy-saving lighting system by
determining the present lighting condition andchangingthe
lights accordingly. The circuit consists of an sensing
component known as LDR, followed by Relay, The input is
given from the direct supply and the relay convert them to a
required voltage and then the switching on the lights takes
place. Street lightening is an essential infrastructure for
cities in order to assure the security of citizens and goods.
This infrastructure has however a high economic and
ecological cost. Thus, municipalities are looking for
innovative solutions to master the costs of their streetlights,
which represent up to 60% of their electricity expenditure.
2. Literature Survey
A gathering of researcher from establishment Sir M.
Visvesvaraya[4] had created keen road light GPS beacon
utilizing Xbee remote module. They will likely screen the
wellbeing of Street lights and ahead checked outcome to the
oversee station. Inside the light module, it incorporates light
ward resistors (LDR) module, microcontroller module and
Transmission module. The light module will speak with the
oversee Center through wi-fi the utilization of Xbee.
Various methods have been proposed by various scholars
one such technique that came recently is the use of the
DHT11 sensor [3]. As the name recommends the DHT 11 is a
temperature and humidness sensor with an extraordinary
exact stickiness and temperature alignment. It is

incorporated witha8bitsmallscalecontrollerguaranteesthe
unwavering quality and long haul dependability. Has a quick
reaction and quality and superior. The single-wired
sequential interface framework has been incorporated to
turn out to be speedy and very simple. Little size, low power,
signal transmission go up to 20 meters, empowering a wide
assortment of uses even in the most requesting locales or
territories. Another such kind of a method recently utilized
was with the assistance of a Light sensor, Smoke Sensor,
Carbon outflow sensor, Noise Sensor. [4]
First the Chips would be made to be placed in on the lights.
These chips can contain a smallscalecontrollertogetherwith
shifted gadgets like ozone depleting substance sensor, haze
sensor, quality gadget, clamor gadget and GSM modules for
remote information transmission and gathering among
concentratorand PC. the data from the chipswouldbegotten
on an outside concentrator (PC) and consequently the PC
wouldlikewise transmit the predominantactivitytothechip.
in accordance with the overview of variety inside the forceof
daylight in the field space, prudent programming would be
done to affirm least utilization of vitality. The discharges
inside the climates would be distinguished together with the
utilization of vitality and any stealing of power.
3. Methodology
3.1 Theoretical Analysis
The client is at the board Station for example the Master
Node, that will be that the overseeing gadget of remote
gadget organize. The client oughttorecallofworkingremote
gadget organize essentially based application. Client should
offer right system arrangement parameters for IOT
essentially based application.
3.1.1 Current System
Street lights are on from 6:30 to 7am and is not often the
time mentioned, on a regular basis the current system is not
effective and wastage of energy is quite often.
The analysis part looks like this :
Bulb used=150W
Number of nodes =36,
Number of working hours per day->=12hours
Power consumed per day=20*13*0.150=39kwhr
ie 39*30=1170kwhr/month
ie 39*365=14235kwhr/year
Bill generated =1170*3=3150 Rs per month.
3.1.2 Expected current system
3.1.2.1 Vitality usage:
Works on profile premise. All road lights are ON from
6:30pm to 6:30 am, in various words, road lights are
working absolutely for twelve hours every day. Assumptive
twenty hubs to work control devoured by them will begiven
as,
Bulb utilized =150 W=0.150 Kw,
Number of hubs = 20 hubs,
Number of working hours out of every day = 12 hours
Power Consumed every day = 20 * 12 * 0.150 = 36 kwhr
for example 36 * 30 = 1080 kwhr/month
Month to month Bill for 20 hubs (Rs 3/kwhr ) = 1080 * 3 =
3240 Rs for every month.
3.1.3 Smart system
Expected power sparing in different manners.
• 0% utilization state from 7am to 7pm.
• 97% sparing at the hour of nightfall state from7pmto8pm.
• 7% vitality sparing in light of voltage revision state from
8pm to 11pm .
• 55% utilization on account of diminishing method utilized
state from 11pm to 1am.
• 34% utilization in light of darkening just as stunning
strategy state from 1am to 2am.
• 55% utilization as a result of diminishing procedure
utilized state from 2am to 6am.
• 96% sparing at the hour of nightfall state from6amto7am.
The above smart system is unique and by using any
of the technique mentionedbelowthe energypreservationis
done and that can be utilized in various ways for other
resources. The effective utilization of the resource is done to
various ways and when the consumption power is less and
providing better feature than the existingonetheenergy can
be transformed into other sectors for better development of
the city.
Fig. 1: The above flow chart represents flow sequence of
the system.
3.2. Equipment Used
 Relay
 LDR
 ESP8266
 Thingspeak
3.2.1. Relay
A relay is an electromagnetic switch which is used to switch
High Voltage/Current using Low power circuits. Relay
isolates low power circuits from highpowercircuits.Voltage
source: 230 V. Current: 10 A. Relay acts like a Switch.

Latching relays require simplest a single pulse with a
manipulate strength to perform the switch consistently.
Some other pulse implemented to a 2nd set of manage
terminals, or a pulse with contrary polarization, rearranges
the transfer, whilst recursive pulses of the same kind need
no consequences. Magnetic relays are useful in packages
when breaking of sequenceelectricitymustnolongerchange
the circuits that the relay is regulating.
3.2.2. LDR
Also called as photo resistor. Light controlled variable
resistor. The check of a photoresistor decreases with
extending scene lightweight significance, in a couple of
words, it reveals electrical conduction.Aphotoresistorcould
similarly be maintained in photosensitive locator circuits,
and smooth impelled and darkish-started move circuits. A
photoresistor is fabricating plant created utilizing a high
check semiconductor. Inside the diminish, a photoresistor
can have a restriction as ridiculous as various megaohms
(Mω), while at breaks the sunshine,a photoresistorwill have
a deterrent as beside no a similar number of hundred ohms.
If scene touchy on a photoresistor outperforms a particular
repeat, photons devoured by suggests that of the
semiconductor give sure electrons enough essentialness to
hop into the conductivity band.
Applications of LDR: Night lights,StreetLamps,Lightmeters.
3.2.3. ESP8266
Leading platform for Internet of Things, Low-cost. Dual
Functionality, Type:32-bit Microcontroller.
3.2.4. Thingspeak
ThingSpeak is an open wellspring of web of things (IoT)
utility and API to purchase and recover records from issues
abuse the hypertext move conventionandMQTTconvention
over internet or through a near to space organize.
ThingSpeak licenses the presentation of detecting
component work programs, area following bundles, and an
informal community of things with standing updates
3.3. Proposed Method
The various proposed methods has some challenges and
thus how much amount of power it is preserving going into
vain when in an situation in the morning once the climate
changes to a cool state the bulb switches on it is an worst
scenario and the preserved energy is being utilized in this
case and the system is in a neutral state where there is no
common exchange of the power as the sensor depends
purely on the surrounding area or the region.Henceinorder
to overcome such sort of problems we have deigned the
smart streetlight system only by using an ldr and make
connected with a direct supply.
The main aim is to preserve the consumption of power that
is being used in the normal streetlights and in order to make
them effective we proposed a method which preserves the
energy by depending on the intensity of the light that is
present in the climate. This works by depending on the
intensity of the light that falls on the photo resistor and then
it generates the required amount of intensity and the bulb
switches on/off. Since by the use of the relay in the circuit
the monitoring of the bulb takes place. The amountofpower
that is being supplied there the relay acts as a switch andthe
bulb glows on. The light switching takes place depending on
the beam of incident light falling on the ldr. The moment
when the light falls on the ldr the switching of the bulb takes
place whether to glow or not. By this the consumption of the
energy is being saved and makesthesystem effectiveandthe
cost consumption of the bulb’s is less.
Precisely when the LDR perceives force of light its
opposition will get diminished, on the off chance that it sees
gloom its hindrance will enlarge, along these lines high-
power light can be given during the needful conditions.
3.3. Results
The below figures shows the amount of energy
consumed in a month and the decay of the system if any of
the bulb is malfunctioned. We can observe the daily usage of
the power consumed shown in the field 2 chart. As there is a
consistency which implies that our system is working
effectively. The above results obtained are best suitable to
the real world and they further can be utilizedfoetheenergy
preservation and the obtained provides the necessity of
using the module and how it can be utilized in order to
preserve and store energy. This IOT based computerized
streetlight framework is financially savvy. The undertaking
point is the preservation of vitality. It can likewise wipe out
the CO2 outflows and light contamination. The framework
doesn't require labor and occasional check rather the
framework status is consistently refreshed. It is additionally
useful in getting the exact temperature and dampness state
of a particular territory.
Fig. 2: The two plots represent the usage of the proposed
system.

Fig. 3: Above plot represents Streetlight consumption at a
particular area.
Fig4.: Above plot represents the LDR performance
statistics.
4. Conclusion
Conserving the energy has been the huge task in our
generation by converting the manual process into
automation we can save enormous amount of energy. These
also reduce manpower and prevent energy wastage. The
efficiency of automated systems is more than the manual
systems. We can reprogram these devices with respect to
our needs. By using the API key, the generated data is stored
in Thingspeak database which we can use for future
references. Only maintenance is the disadvantage of these
systems.
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