IRJET - Vehicle Parking Management System using Load Cell Sensor

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 04 | Apr 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1337
Vehicle Parking Management System using Load Cell Sensor
Basher ahamed M1, Muthukumar K2
1Post Graduate Student, Industrial Safety Engineering, Bannari Amman Institute of technology, Tamil Nadu, India
2Professor, Industrial safety Engineering, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Tamil Nadu, India
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Abstract - In big urban citiestrafficandparkingarebiggest
problems for commuters. This system is designed to provide
dual services of checking unauthorized parking and parking
navigation to big commercial campuses such as educational
institutions, shopping malls, offices etc. this system is specially
designed for parking lot of crescent university, Chennai. The
system counts the number of vehicle entering and leaving a
campus. The system alsosensesthetype(2-wheeler, 4-wheeler,
load carrier) of vehicle and informs the driver through a LCD
display the empty space and direction for parking of their
vehicle. The system uses load cell sensor to identify the sort of
vehicle based on its weight and the count the number of
vehicles.
Key Words: Vehicle navigation, load cell sensor,Parking
management, micro controller 8051, embedded
program, GSM module.
1. INTRODUCTION
Parking inside every big institute’s campus is difficult to
manage as long as the security personnel are deployed for
intended purpose. The project is mainly to provide easy and
hassle free parking service to visitor of campus and also to
check unauthorized parking time to time with minimal
human effort. The system uses load cell sensor to check the
type of vehicle and count the number of vehicles. The GSM
alert system provide SMS alert every time the parking lot
reaches its present threshold value so that the upcoming
vehicle entering the campus can be diverted to a new
location within the campus. The drivers are navigated into
the parking space based totally on the car type. Installation
of this gadget apart from the intended place has to go
through minimal modification based at the geography ofthe
place wherein the machine might be installed. It used to be
found that all the existing structures were based on GPS
satellite, excessive speed cameras which as restricted to
either a single user or a small geographical area. There was
no centralized gadget or technology to provide navigation
and parking solution to all kinds of vehicle and to everyone.
2. OBJECTIVES
The goal of the system is to provide automated navigation
system based on vehicle type and to check the parking
location is full. The proposed system is far differentfromthe
existing systems. The system makes use of the load cell
sensor placed beneath a speed breaker like structure over
which the vehicle passes and gives an input to the
microcontroller.
3. BLOCK DIAGRAM
The operation of the system with block diagrams is
discussed as below:
Fig -1: Block Diagram
4. METHODLOGY
The vehicle enters the campus, and goes over a speed
breaker. The load cell sensor undergoes compression which
changes the resistance in one arm of the balanced bridge
thus making it unbalanced and the magnitude of this
imbalance is directly proportional to the weight of the
vehicle. An Analog-to-digital convertor (ADC) is placed as
interference between the load cell sensor and the
microcontroller so as to supply a digital input to the
microcontroller and also work asanamplifier.Thisvariation
are taken as the input and is given to the microcontroller,
now the count goes from zero to 1, similarly the entire
vehicle coming into is counted. The barrier gate is fixed in
the entrance of the parking area which opens mechanically
after the system senses the type of vehicle.

The system is programmed to alert the security personal
through SMS in 2 situations
1. When the parking lot is almost full. (i.e.) it reaches
the threshold value.
2. When there are vehicles in the parking lot post the
working hours.
The program also has additional features of sensingthetype
of vehicle based on weight. So could intimate the driver
through LCD display on where the lot is free for parking.
5. SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:
• Embedded C
• Microcontroller 8051
• LCD display
• Analog-to-digital convertor
• GSM module
• Load cell sensor
• DC motor
6. SYSTEM DESIGN:
The overall system comprises of many software and
hardware components which is used to design a systemthat
works in cost efficient way and prevents the count of
unwanted interceptions.
6.1 Load cell sensor
A load cell sensor is a transducer that is used to create an
electrical magnitude whose magnitude is directly
proportional to the pressure being exerted. Variouskindsof
load cells are available that incorporate pneumatic load cell,
hydraulic load cell and strain gauge load cell. In this system
strain gauge sensor of maximum load capacity of 300kg is
used. Load cell for the most part comprise of four strain
checks in a whetstone bridge. any vehicle passed over the
mechanical structure will experiencepressure inthesensing
device so there will be change or deformation in one arm of
whetstone bridge this gives the changes in electrical signal.
The output electrical signal from the sensing unit is then
amplified, as the output sign is typically in the order of few
millivolts.
Specifications:
Capacity: 300Kg
Dimensions: 150 mm x 40 mm x 40 mm
Wire Length: 1.5 meter
Type: Single Ended shear beam load cell
Fig -2: Load cell sensor
6.2 Micro controller 8051
A 8-bit micro controller with 4kb of ROM storage and 128
bytes of RAM storage, which is programmed (embedded C)
to control and operate overall system. Two 16-bit
timer/counter (T0-T1) is connected to the load cell sensor
through which input signal is obtained. 8051 micro
controller is interfaced with GSM module sim900Athatsend
SMS alert to the respective person mobile with current
vehicle count.
Fig -3: Micro controller kit
6.3 Power supply unit and voltage regulator
All electronic components generally work with a DC supply
ranging from ±5V to ±12V. We are utilizing the commonly
using energy source of 230V – 50Hz AC supply by stepping
down, rectifying, filtering and regulating the voltage. The
voltage regulator used here in the setupwill maintainsteady

level of voltage flow automatically. It can be a easy feed
forward or have a negative feedback loop. Voltage in
transmitter and receiver are maintained constantly by
voltage regulator. The controller used right here is to step
down the voltage provided in the transmitter and receiver.
The board (micro controller kit) is feed with 10 amps input
power and is carried to load cell sensor through Analog-to-
digital converter setup. GSM module requires separate 1
amps input power.
6.3 Liquid crystal display
A liquid crystal display is a device which is usually flat and
makes uses of liquid crystal. It is digital visible display that
makes use of the light-modulating properties of liquid
crystals do not emit light directly. LCD's are available to
show arbitrary images (as in computer display) or constant
images with low information content, which can be
displayed or hidden, such as words, digits etc.
Specifications:
Operating Voltage: 4.7V to 5.3V DC
Character allowed: 32 characters
Pixel capacity: (32×40) 1280 Pixels
Fig -4: LCD display 16*2
6.4 Liquid crystal display interfacing with 8051
microcontroller
8051 micro controller consists of 40 pins with four 8-bit
ports (P0, P1, P2, and P3) which are connected to data pins
of the LCD. In the command register of LCD the instructions
which are to be executed is stored, character to be shown on
the LCD is put away in the data register. The ideal character
to be appeared in the LCD can be accomplished by sending
the order or command and information to the device.
6.5 GSM module interfacing with 8051
microcontroller
GSM module sim900A works with 12V DC and the
microcontroller workswith 5V.So,interfacingofthismodem
with microcontroller directly is no longer feasible due to
mismatch of voltage levels. GSM modem is interfaced with
8051 microcontroller via MAX232 with the assist of RS232
cable forserial communication.Duringserial communication
between microcontroller and GSM sim900A the MAX232
device will convert Transistor-Transistor Logic (TTL) level
to RS232 level. RS232 device acts as an interface and
conducts information through serial communication. Once
the GSM module sim900A is connected physicallywith8051
micro controller then program is loaded to send SMS
7. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
The load cell device differentiates the kind of vehicle based
on the exerted load and counts the vehicle through
microcontroller. The GSM sendsa SMSalertoncetheamount
of vehicle count reaches the threshold value set basedonthe
vehicle parking capability. The gate opens based on the type
of vehicle and closes mechanically after ten seconds delay.
8. LIMITATIONS
Although the system is very cost effective and easy to adapt,
still have some limitations like cannot distinguishthetypeof
vehicle when simultaneously vehicle are passes the sensing
device. Also the phone must be in turned ON conditioninthe
receiver end every time and network signal strengthmustbe
sufficiently strong enough for the alert system to be work
effectively.
9. CONCLUSION
This device is fully automated and can be adapted to any
commercial, industrial location with minimal human effort
and programming level. This system senses the kind of
vehicle besides any high end sensors which makes it a cost
efficient system. With proper mechanical aid and designthis
system can be implemented for real time usage in any
industrial, institution parking area. This application can be
broadly interfaced with parking ticket vending machines,
monitoring systems, boom barriers with RFID etc.,
REFERENCES
[1] Ivan muller, federal university of Rio, Brazil (URFGS)
“load cell based weighting and calibration for dynamic
force measurement,” IEEE instrumentation and
measurement magazine, volume 13, issue1 feb2010.
[2] prithvinath manikonda, “sustainable utilization of8051
based vehicle management” manipal institute of
technology, international union of electronics and
electrical engineers conference, oct2011.
[3] Pankaj varma, JS bahathiya, “design and developmentof
GSM based tracking system “international journal of
computer science engineering and application(IJSCEA),
volume3, june2013.
[4] Anuradha G, Bhavana L S, Bindushree H A, Deeksha B
Jadesh Darshan K R, “IoT based Smart Parking System,”

International Journal of Computer Sciences and
Engineering, Vol.07, Issue.15, pp.289-291, 2019
[5] Kunal Maurya , Mandeep Singh, Neelu Jain, “Real Time
Vehicle Tracking System using GSM and GPS
Technology- An Anti-theft Tracking System”,
International Journal of Electronics and Computer
ScienceEngineering,ISSN 2277-1956/V1N3-1103-1107
[6] Asaad M. J. Al-Hindawi, IbraheemTalib,“Experimentally
Evaluation of GPS/GSMBasedSystemDesign”,Journal of
Electronic Systems, Volume 2, June, 2012.
[7] Sridevi K, Jeevitha A, Kavitha K, Narmadha K, Sathya K,
"Smart Bus Tracking and Management System using
IOT", International Journal for Research in Applied
Science and Engineering Technology (IJRASET),Volume
5 Issue III, pp. 373-375,March 2017

IRJET - Vehicle Parking Management System using Load Cell Sensor

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