JavaZone 2017 - The Hitchhiker’s guide to Java class reloading
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This document discusses techniques for reloading Java classes at runtime, including using class loaders to load updated classes, Java agents to instrument classes, and frameworks like HotSwap that utilize these techniques. It provides examples of how class loaders can be used to reload specific parts of an application while a program is running. The goal is to achieve hot reloading that is binary compatible and allows updating code without restarting the Java virtual machine.
JavaZone 2017 - The Hitchhiker’s guide to Java class reloading
- 1. The hitchhiker’s guide to Java class reloading @antonarhipov
- 6. https://zeroturnaround.com/rebellabs/java-ee-productivity-report-2011/ 10% 20% 30% 0.5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10+ minutes
- 7. https://zeroturnaround.com/rebellabs/java-ee-productivity-report-2011/ 10% 20% 30% 0.5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10+ The only effective developers?? minutes
- 8. https://zeroturnaround.com/rebellabs/java-ee-productivity-report-2011/ 10% 20% 30% 0.5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10+ How about those? minutes
- 10. HotSwap
- 12. HotSwap Class loaders Java agents & instrumentation
- 13. HotSwap Class loaders Java agents & instrumentation
- 14. hotswapEST. 2001
- 28. JDB
- 29. instanceKlass constantPoolOop constants() pool_holder() klassVTable Embedded klassITable Embedded Embedded statics M. Dmitriev. Safe class and data evolution in large and long-lived Java (тм) applications. Technical report, Mountain View. 2001
- 30. instanceKlass constantPoolOop constants() constantPoolCacheOop cache() pool_holder() klassVTable Embedded klassITable Embedded Embedded statics M. Dmitriev. Safe class and data evolution in large and long-lived Java (тм) applications. Technical report, Mountain View. 2001
- 31. instanceKlass constantPoolOop constants() constantPoolCacheOop cache() pool_holder() klassVTable Embedded klassITable Embedded Embedded statics objArrayOop methodOop methods() M. Dmitriev. Safe class and data evolution in large and long-lived Java (тм) applications. Technical report, Mountain View. 2001
- 32. instanceKlass constantPoolOop constants() constantPoolCacheOop cache() pool_holder() klassVTable Embedded klassITable Embedded Embedded statics nmethod code() method() constants() objArrayOop methodOop methods() M. Dmitriev. Safe class and data evolution in large and long-lived Java (тм) applications. Technical report, Mountain View. 2001
- 34. Dynamic Code Evolution for Java T. Würthinger, C. Wimmer, L. Stadler. 2010
- 35. Dynamic Code Evolution for Java T. Würthinger, C. Wimmer, L. Stadler. 2010 Statements
- 36. Dynamic Code Evolution for Java T. Würthinger, C. Wimmer, L. Stadler. 2010 Statements Methods
- 37. Dynamic Code Evolution for Java T. Würthinger, C. Wimmer, L. Stadler. 2010 Statements Methods Fields
- 38. Dynamic Code Evolution for Java T. Würthinger, C. Wimmer, L. Stadler. 2010 Statements Methods Fields Hierarchy
- 39. Dynamic Code Evolution for Java T. Würthinger, C. Wimmer, L. Stadler. 2010 Statements Methods Fields Hierarchy
- 40. Dynamic Code Evolution for Java T. Würthinger, C. Wimmer, L. Stadler. 2010 Statements Methods Fields Hierarchy + + + Binary-compatible
- 41. Dynamic Code Evolution for Java T. Würthinger, C. Wimmer, L. Stadler. 2010 Statements Methods Fields Hierarchy + + + x x x Binary-compatible Binary-incompatible
- 43. Classloaders
- 44. Class<?> uc1 = User.class; Class<?> uc2 = new DynamicClassLoader().load("com.zt.User"); out.println(uc1.getName()); // com.zt.User out.println(uc2.getName()); // com.zt.User out.println(uc1.getClassLoader()); // sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader@18b4aac2 out.println(uc2.getClassLoader()); // com.zt.DynamicClassLoader@22b4bba7 User.age = 11; out.println((int) ReflectUtil.getStaticFieldValue("age", uc1)); // 11 out.println((int) ReflectUtil.getStaticFieldValue("age", uc2)); // 10 public class User { public static int age = 10; }
- 45. Class<?> uc1 = User.class; Class<?> uc2 = new DynamicClassLoader().load("com.zt.User"); out.println(uc1.getName()); // com.zt.User out.println(uc2.getName()); // com.zt.User out.println(uc1.getClassLoader()); // sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader@18b4aac2 out.println(uc2.getClassLoader()); // com.zt.DynamicClassLoader@22b4bba7 User.age = 11; out.println((int) ReflectUtil.getStaticFieldValue("age", uc1)); // 11 out.println((int) ReflectUtil.getStaticFieldValue("age", uc2)); // 10 public class User { public static int age = 10; }
- 46. Class<?> uc1 = User.class; Class<?> uc2 = new DynamicClassLoader().load("com.zt.User"); out.println(uc1.getName()); // com.zt.User out.println(uc2.getName()); // com.zt.User out.println(uc1.getClassLoader()); // sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader@18b4aac2 out.println(uc2.getClassLoader()); // com.zt.DynamicClassLoader@22b4bba7 User.age = 11; out.println((int) ReflectUtil.getStaticFieldValue("age", uc1)); // 11 out.println((int) ReflectUtil.getStaticFieldValue("age", uc2)); // 10 public class User { public static int age = 10; }
- 47. Class<?> uc1 = User.class; Class<?> uc2 = new DynamicClassLoader().load("com.zt.User"); out.println(uc1.getName()); // com.zt.User out.println(uc2.getName()); // com.zt.User out.println(uc1.getClassLoader()); // sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader@18b4aac2 out.println(uc2.getClassLoader()); // com.zt.DynamicClassLoader@22b4bba7 User.age = 11; out.println((int) ReflectUtil.getStaticFieldValue("age", uc1)); // 11 out.println((int) ReflectUtil.getStaticFieldValue("age", uc2)); // 10 public class User { public static int age = 10; }
- 48. Class<?> uc1 = User.class; Class<?> uc2 = new DynamicClassLoader().load("com.zt.User"); out.println(uc1.getName()); // com.zt.User out.println(uc2.getName()); // com.zt.User out.println(uc1.getClassLoader()); // sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader@18b4aac2 out.println(uc2.getClassLoader()); // com.zt.DynamicClassLoader@22b4bba7 User.age = 11; out.println((int) ReflectUtil.getStaticFieldValue("age", uc1)); // 11 out.println((int) ReflectUtil.getStaticFieldValue("age", uc2)); // 10 public class User { public static int age = 10; }
- 49. while(true) { Class<?> uc = new DynamicClassLoader().load("com.zt.User"); ReflectUtil.invokeStatic("getHobby", uc); } public class User { public Hobby getHobby() { return Basketball(); } }
- 50. while(true) { Class<?> uc = new DynamicClassLoader().load("com.zt.User"); ReflectUtil.invokeStatic("getHobby", uc); } public class User { public Hobby getHobby() { return Basketball(); } }
- 51. public static class Context { public HobbyService hobbyService = new HobbyService(); public void init() { hobbyService.user = new User(); anyService.initialize() } }
- 52. public static class Context { public HobbyService hobbyService = new HobbyService(); public AnyService anyService = new AnyService(); public void init() { hobbyService.user = new User(); anyService.initialize() } }
- 53. public static class Context { public HobbyService hobbyService = new HobbyService(); public AnyService anyService = new AnyService(); public void init() { hobbyService.user = new User(); anyService.initialize() } } while(true) { Class<?> c = new DynamicClassLoader().load("com.zt.Context"); Object context = c.newInstance(); ReflectUtil.invokeMethod("init", context); invokeService(context); }
- 54. DynamicClassLoader Context class HobbyService class User class Context object HobbyService object User object Reloadable “region” Live thread
- 61. Java agents
- 62. import java.lang.instrument.ClassFileTransformer; import java.lang.instrument.Instrumentation; public class Agent { public static void premain(String args, Instrumentation inst) throws Exception { inst.addTransformer(new ClassFileTransformer { // here be dragons }); } }
- 63. import java.lang.instrument.ClassFileTransformer; import java.lang.instrument.Instrumentation; public class Agent { public static void premain(String args, Instrumentation inst) throws Exception { inst.addTransformer(new ClassFileTransformer { // here be dragons }); } } META-INF/MANIFEST.MF Premain-Class: Agent
- 64. import java.lang.instrument.ClassFileTransformer; import java.lang.instrument.Instrumentation; public class Agent { public static void premain(String args, Instrumentation inst) throws Exception { inst.addTransformer(new ClassFileTransformer { // here be dragons }); } } $> java –javaagent:agent.jar application.Main META-INF/MANIFEST.MF Premain-Class: Agent
- 65. ClassFileTransformer ClassA ClassA ClassA0 +field1 +field2 +field3 +method1 +method2 +method3 +method1 +method2 +method3 +field1 +field2 +field3 +proxy_methods A thousand years of productivity: the JRebel story E. Kabanov, V. Vene, 2012
- 66. ClassFileTransformer ClassA ClassA ClassA0 +field1 +field2 +field3 +method1 +method2 +method3 +method1 +method2 +method3 +field1 +field2 +field3 +proxy_methods A thousand years of productivity: the JRebel story E. Kabanov, V. Vene, 2012
- 69. HotSwap
- 71. HotSwap Class loaders Java agents & instrumentation