2015 ReSAKSS Conference – Day 3- Paul Guthiga

The JSR Experience and Scaling Up in
East and Central Africa
Paul Guthiga,
ReSAKSS-ECA

 CAADP adopted in 2003; agriculture-led
integrated framework for development
o Set targets for spending, productivity, growth,
tradeetc.
o Developed processes for mutual engagement
and evidence-based review and learning
 Following a slow start after the signing of the
first country compact in Rwanda (in 2007),
significant momentum has been achieved

 By 2009, the CAADP agenda was generating
increasing commitments from African
governments and development partners.
 The challenge of translating pledges and
commitments into tangible actions triggered
the formulation of CAADP- Mutual
Accountability Framework
 Its primary objective is to provide ongoing
incentives to CAADP partners to effectively

What is Mutual Accountability?
 A process by which two or more parties hold
one another accountable for the commitments
they have voluntarily made to one another
 It is a core principle of CAADP
 MAF for CAADP was developed by NCPA in
2011 to guide MA processes at continental,
regional and country levels

Principles of Mutual Accountability
 A shared vision or agenda among the cooperating
parties
 Common objectives and strategies aimed at
achieving the vision
 Jointly agreed performance indicators based on
mutually agreed performance criteria
 Genuine dialogue and debate process based on
consent, common values and trust

What is a Joint Sector Review?
 JSR is one way of operationalizing the MAF at
country level
 The JSR process creates a platform to:
o Assess the performance of the agriculture sector
o Assist governments to assess effectiveness of sector
policies and strategies
o Assess how well state and non state actors have
implemented pledges and commitments
o Guide decisions to continue with or make adjustments
in implementation of NAIP or other agreement

Principles of JSR
 National ownership and leadership
 Relevance to National Agriculture Investment Plan
(NAIP) or Cooperation Agreement
 Inclusive participation
 Commitment to results by all participants
 Impartiality and evidence-based
 Enhances national planning
 Sensitivity to gender
 Learning experience

Purpose and benefits of JSR
 Main purpose is to determine and evaluate
observed results of sector performance and
compare with:
o Intended results; or
o Targets in NAIP or cooperation agreement
 JSR allows diverse stakeholders to get insights
into and influence overall policies and priorities of
the sector
 Serves as a management and policy support tool
for;
o Inclusive stakeholder planning, programming, budget
preparation and execution, monitoring and evaluation,

What to monitor? Five main areas
1. Development results
oIncome growth, poverty and hunger reduction, food and
nutrition security etc.
2. Overall agricultural sector growth targets
o With specific subsector and commodity targets
3. Financial and non-financial resources;
o Required to effectively implement the NAIP or cooperation
agreement
4. Policies, programs, institutions, and
implementation processes
5. Linkages/pathways to achieve the development
results;

Content, scope, data and methods of a JSR
 Depends on agreement;
oCAADP compact, NAIP, GAFSP agreements, New Alliance
Cooperation framework, etc.
 Five main areas to review as in the previous slide
 Need detailed data on different variables, measured
at different levels and over several years
 Multiple methods guided by mutually-agreed
actions, targets and milestones

Outputs required for the JSR (1)
1. Public Expenditure Review
oGovernment commitments, expenditures and alignment
2. Donor Expenditure Review
oCommitments, disbursements, and alignment
3. Civil Society Scorecard
oCommitments and alignment
4. Private Sector Scorecard
oCommitments and investments

Outputs required for the JSR (2)
5. Policy Implementation Report
o For both state and non-state actors
6. Agriculture Sector Performance Review
7. Impact Scorecard
o Progress and impact on poverty and hunger reduction,
food and nutrition security

Building Blocks of a Joint Sector Review
1. Set up a JSR steering committee (preferably chaired
by Ministry in charge of Agriculture)
2. Establish JSR secretariat
3. Develop terms of reference for the JSR
4. Mobilize resources (human and financial)
5. Constitute review team
6. Undertake technical studies
7. Organize review and dialogue
8. Draw implementation and follow-up plan for the
recommendations from the JSR

Assessment of JSR Processes in Uganda,
DRC, Burundi & Kenya

AUC-led Process
 Agreement between Uganda, Kenya, Burundi and
DRC and seven others to pilot the JSR assessment
 Process led by Ministries of Agriculture
 IFPRI/ReSAKSS provided technical support by
through JSR focal persons in the countries
 Africa-lead II provided facilitation support for the
workshops
 Country level experts engaged

Approach
 Examined previous review and consultative
processes in these countries - the stakeholders
involved and their roles
 Reviews of earlier review reports
 Supplemented with information collected from
stakeholders: key informant interviews; a data
collection template; consultative and validation
workshops;
 Identified gaps in the review processes, possible
improvements that could be made and developed
stakeholder-specific action plans

Findings: Case of Uganda (1)
JSR building
block
Finding Remarks/Recommendation
JSR Steering
Committee
 The ASWG, chaired by PS, MAAIF
MAAIF is the JASAR SC.
 MAAIF, some Ministries, Donors
Donors and UNFFE are included.
included.
 CSOs and Private Sector are
currently not incorporated
contrary to DSIP and CAADP
Compact commitment.
o MAAIF should invite
umbrella bodies for CSOs
CSOs and Private Sector
Sector to nominate their
representatives to take up
up their positions on the
ASWG.
JSR Secretariat  The current practice is similar to
to best practice.
 A JASAR Secretariat with a
coordination mandate is already
already established in the MAAIF
MAAIF APD. It works through a
TWG
o MAAIF should incorporate
incorporate umbrella
bodies for CSOs, Private
Sector, Farmers’
Organizations and Local
Local Governments to
nominate representatives

JSR building
block
ToR for the JSR  APD drafts ToR for JASAR and
and facilitator which the ASWG
ASWG approves.
 JASAR ToRs are comprehensive
comprehensive but in practice
practice the review is
dominated by MAAIF output
performance.
o JASAR ToR are
comprehensive but in
practice the review is
dominated by MAAIF output
output performance.
Resource
mobilization
 JASAR is funded by both
MAAIF and donors.
 MAAIF funding has been
inadequate, donor funding is
is often tied to specific budget
budget items.
 The human resource is
o MAAIF should mainstream
JASAR in the MTEF (Adopt
National M&E guidelines on
on funding).

JSR building
block
Constitution of
of the review
team
 CSOs and private sector are
currently on the periphery of
JASAR process
 Consultations showed that
current JASAR workshops do
not represent interests of
farmers and lower LGs because
because there are no
mechanisms to capture their
views
o MAAIF should involve NSAs
NSAs and the private sector
sector in the JASAR planning
planning
o MAAIF should organize 2 to
to 3 regional workshops that
that culminate in a national
national level review
Technical
studies
 The JASAR focuses on output
output performance of the
Ministry against its annual
plans and budgets.
 JSR SC does not undertake any
any other JSR related studies
o There are many good
studies in the sector
o JASAR agenda should be
structured to accommodate
accommodate these studies.
studies.

JSR building
block
Preparation of
of JSR report
 The MAAIF performance report
report is prepared by ministry
ministry staff and is based on
ministry data and reports
o JASAR needs to be
restructured to include both
both MAAIF performance
and that of other sector
actors
Review
meeting
 The current practice is similar
similar to the best practice
except that the JASAR report
report and recommended
actions focus on MAAIF.
 Agreed actions are always
many, some of which are not
not strategic but routine sector
sector activities.
o A decentralized and inclusive
inclusive review should be
undertaken at sub-national
national level.
o The facilitator should guide
guide the JASAR meeting to
to focus on fewer but
strategic and feasible
recommendations.

JSR building
block
Draw up action
action plan
based on JSR
recommendatio
ons
 MAAIF has not regularly
reported on the progress of
of implementing these
actions to the Top Policy
Management and ASWG nor
nor explicitly indicated in
their Ministerial Policy
Statement how they will/have
will/have been be
incorporated into the sector
sector work plan and budget
budget
o MAAIF should indicate
within the annual Ministerial
Ministerial Policy Statement
Statement or in a separate
separate document how
these actions have been
integrated.
o The ASWG should include
monitoring JASAR Action
Plan in its annual calendar of
of activities

ReSAKSS Support in Strengthening JSR
 Supporting the establishment of Country SAKSS
o Enhance data collection, management and analysis
o Knowledge management and sharing
o Capacity enhancement
 Analytical support for technical studies
 Sharing JSR tools and experiences with other
countries
 Support the assessment of the JSR process in various
countries

2015 ReSAKSS Conference – Day 3- Paul Guthiga

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2015 ReSAKSS Conference – Day 3- Paul Guthiga