Kali Linux
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Kali Linux is a Debian-derived Linux distribution designed for digital forensics and penetration testing. It contains over 600 security tools for tasks such as penetration testing, security research, computer forensics, and reverse engineering. Kali Linux is maintained by Offensive Security and led by core developer Mati Aharoni. It is based on BackTrack, an earlier Linux distro focused on hacking, and aims to provide a stable and secure platform for running security software.
Kali Linux
- 1. Kali LinuxThe quieter you become the more you are able to hear
- 2. What is Kali Linux ● Kali Linux is a Debian-derived operating system designed for digital forensics & penetration testing. ● Kali contains several hundred tools for various for security tasks such as Penetration Testing, Security Research, Computer Forensics & Reverse Engineering ● It is maintained & funded by Offensive Security Ltd ● Mati Aharoni is the core developer. ● It's a rewrite of Backtrack
- 3. History ● Knoppix , ancestor of Kali Linux was the 1st ever Live Bootable Linux Operating System. Knoppix was then forked into Whoppix & then re-forked into WHAX . ● WHAX was then re-branded as BackTrack , the predecessor of Kali Linux. BackTrack had a long reign of almost 7 Years as the pentesters & hackers choice. ● BackTrack is dedicated to hacking. ● As of 2011 it was used by more than 4 million amateur & professional security researchers.
- 4. Backtrack Issues The main issue with BackTrack was dependencies. Too many pentesting tools were embedded within BackTrack they all struggled to coexist within the dependencies However, on 13th March 2013 it was replaced by Kali Linux.
- 5. Solution to BackTrack ● The solution was a complete top-to-bottom rebuild of BackTrack Linux ● Kali Linux has 600 tools which automatically work within the Kali ecosphere. Kali also has been created with clean File System Hierarchy Standard & offers vast plug & play wireless support. ● The main attraction was the ARM support provided by Kali Linux. You can also create your own .iso file with Kali through the Debian build feature.
- 7. Features ● More than 600 penetration testing tools included. ● Free and Open Source ● Has Monolithic type Kernel (A Monolithic kernel is an OS architecture where the entire OS is working in kernel space. Monolithic kernels are able to dynamically load executable modules at runtime) ● Available in 32 & 64-bit ● Filesystem Hierarchy Standard ● Wide-ranging wireless device support ● Developed in a secure environment ● GPG signed packages & repositories ● Multi-language support ● Completely Customizable ● ARM devices support
- 8. Forensic Mode When booted into the forensic boot mode, there are a few very important changes to the regular operation of the system: 1. First, the internal hard disk is never touched 2. Other, equally important, change is that auto- mounting of removable media is disabled.
- 9. Its newest version Kali Linux 2017.1 was released on 25 April 2017
- 10. What is Penetration Testing? “ The process of evaluating systems applications & protocols with the intent of identifying vulnerabilities usually from the perspective of an unprivileged or anonymous user to determine potential real world impacts ” Or in other words ...we try to break into stuff before the bad guys do...
- 11. Booting Process ● BIOS loads & scans for devices such as Hard Disk, CD-ROM, RAM, etc. ● BIOS searches for MBR (Master Boot Record) & hands over the responsibility to MBR. ● MBR contains the information of loader of most operating system e.g UNIX, Linux & WINDOWS ● Boot loader loads itself into RAM ● The default stage 2 boot loader is a GRUB(Grand Unified Boot Loader) or LILO (Linux Loader) ● Once GRUB is loaded into RAM, then it’s search for the location of Kernel. ● Kernel starts the core system like RAM, processor & mass storage & loads all the various daemons and mounts all the partitions
- 12. Requirements ● Kali Linux requires a minimum of 20GB hard disk space for installation. ● A minimum of 1GB RAM ● A bootable CD-DVD drive or a USB stick.
- 13. Supported Platforms ● Kali Linux is distributed in 16 & 32 Bits ● Developers of Kali Linux aim to make Kali Linux available for ARM devices ● With the arrival of Kali NetHunter, it is now available on smartphones such as the Nexus Models, OnePlus Phones & some Samsung models. ● Chromebooks
- 14. Flexibility ● Kali Linux can run natively when installed on a computer’s hard disk or can be booted from CD or USB or on a virtual machine. ● Available for ARM devices like Chromebooks , Samsung Galaxy Note 10.1, Raspberry Pi, CuBox & a lot more. ● KALI LINUX can also be installed within a root environment on an android device
- 15. Penetration-Testing Programs Kali Linux is preinstalled with numerous penetration testing programs : ● nmap - a port scanner ● Wireshark - a packet analyzer ● John The Ripper - a password cracker ● Aircrack-ng - a software suite for penetration testing wireless LANs ● iKat- a hacking tool
- 16. UBUNTU ● Linux Platform ● Ubuntu is a general desktop and server distribution ● Designed to satisfy general Desktop & Server requirements & also targeted in some smart TVs KALI ● Debian Platform ● Kali Linux is a specialized distribution ● Primarily designed for purposes like Penetration Server Testing and Digital requirements and also Forensics
- 17. Information Security Certifications Offensive Security Ltd. provides courses & certifications related to Kali Linux. These certifications are : ● OSCP - Offensive Security Certified Professional ● OSWP - Offensive Security Wireless Professional ● OSCE - Offensive Security Certified Expert ● OSEE - Offensive Security Exploitation Expert ● OSWE - Offensive Security Web Expert
- 19. Mati Aharoni is the founder and core developer of Kali Linux project , as well the CEO of Offensive Security. “It is critical to take the view of the attacker to see if your defenses are working " This was the main idea behind the development of KALI LINUX