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- 2. What Is Photosynthesis? Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy to produce food. Food provides a source of energy for living things, enabling them to grow and survive. Photosynthesis is the process by which plants can “make” their own food. Plants are known as “autotrophs,”, because of their ability to make their own food. Plants are called “producers” because of their autotrophic role in food pyramids.
- 3. How Does Photosynthesis Work? Photosynthesis happens in the chloroplasts, which contain chlorophyll, a green pigment that captures sunlight. The process occurs in two main stages: the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions (Calvin Cycle). When you breathe in, you take in oxygen. When you breathe out, you release carbon dioxide. A plant takes in carbon dioxide for photosynthesis. Then, the plant releases oxygen as “waste.”
- 4. Where Does Photosynthesis Happen? - The leaves are green because they contain chlorophyll. - Inside the leaves, there are tiny structures called chloroplasts, where photosynthesis takes place. Most of these chloroplasts are be located on or near the superior surface (the top of the leaf). - Leaves have lots of veins to supply water and transport glucose to other plant parts - Leaves are broad and wide to increase surface area. - Leaves have lots of tiny openings called stomata on the inferior surface (bottom of the leaf). Photosynthesis primarily occurs in the leaves—the “food factories” of the plant.
- 5. Basic Chemistry Review • All things are made up of atoms. • Atoms have different symbols to represent them. These are listed on the ..Periodic Table of Elements. • Some key atoms involved in Photosynthesis are: • Atoms can be combined and broken apart again. • These combinations – and how they can be broken apart and put back …together – are important in understanding the next part of …the process Oxygen (O) Hydrogen (H) Carbon (C) Two Hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom make up Dihydrogen Monoxide – Water! One Carbon and two oxygen molecules make up Carbon Dioxide. = H2O + + H H O C O O = CO2
- 6. The Photosynthesis Equation Plants take in carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O) and, with the help of sunlight and chlorophyll, produce glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) and oxygen (O₂). The glucose is used for energy or converted to starch and stored. After glucose is made, the plant releases oxygen (O₂) back into the air. Chlorophyll
- 7. • CO2 - Plants take in carbon dioxide through leaves • H20- Plants take in water through roots The Chemical Process of Photosynthesis H2O CO2 CO2 • The heat of the sun separates these molecules into separate Hydrogen, Oxygen and Carbon atoms. • The C and H combine to form glucose-a type of sugar that plants use as food. Glucose can also be stored as starch. Easy to remember! Carbon and Hydrogen eventually form StarCH • Most oxygen is released back into the atmosphere – some is used for Respiration.
- 8. Respiration • Food contains potential energy. This energy needs to be released in a series of chemical reactions. • This process is called respiration. • We can look at the process of respiration like this: • Respiration occurs when the energy in the glucose and starches are unlocked and used for life processes like growth. Glucose + Oxygen Energy Carbon Dioxide + + Water
- 9. Turn and Talk Discuss with a partner how different environmental factors might impact photosynthesis. What do you think would happen if a plant was placed in a very dark room?
- 10. Factors Affecting Photosynthesis Temperature, light intensity, and carbon dioxide levels can affect the rate of photosynthesis. Plants work best when conditions are just right!
- 11. Turn and Talk Imagine you are a plant scientist experimenting with photosynthesis. What factors would you manipulate to increase a plant's photosynthesis rate, and why?
- 12. Benefits of Photosynthesis Photosynthesis is essential for life on Earth because it produces oxygen and food. Without photosynthesis, we wouldn't have the oxygen we breathe or the food we eat! Photosynthesis happens all around us, from the plants in our gardens to the algae in the ocean. It's the reason why forests are known as the lungs of the Earth!
- 13. Let's Recap! Photosynthesis is the process by which plants make their own food using sunlight. It's like a magic trick happening in every leaf!
- 14. • oxygen and carbon dioxide • carbon dioxide and water • glucose and water • oxygen and glucose What are the two main products of photosynthesis? Exit Ticket