Kenya part 2
- 1. GIDEON GATHAARA, CONSERVATION SECRETARY - STATE DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATION, MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT & NATURAL RESOURCES, KENYA AND ALFRED GICHU, SENIOR ASSISTANT DIRECTOR, KENYA FOREST SERVICE, KENYA FOREST LANDSCAPE RESTORATION IN KENYA Presentation at the AFR100 Conference – October 11, 2016: Addis Ababa
- 2. FOREST AND LANDSCAPE RESTORATION IN KENYA The aim of Forest and Landscape Restoration activities in Kenya is to: – restore function and productivity through tree development, natural regeneration, and improved land management. – regain ecological integrity and enhance livelihoods in deforested and degraded landscapes. – Restore ecosystem and habitat connectivity for migratory wildlife and support to livelihoods.
- 3. FLR ALIGNMENT WITH KENYA’S DEVELOPMENT AGENDA AND INTERNATIONAL COMMITMENTS Forest and Landscape Restoration is a key strategic approach for the Government of Kenya in response to: – attainment of 10% forest and tree cover target set in the Constitution of Kenya and Vision 2030; – forest sector support to Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) and National Climate Change Response Strategy (NCCRS) goals;
- 4. FLR ALIGNMENT WITH KENYA’S DEVELOPMENT AGENDA AND COMMITMENTS…CONT’D – the Bonn challenge commitment of 150 Million hectares by 2020 and later extended to 350 million hectares by 2030 globally by the New York declaration on forests; – the CBD Aichi commitment to restore 15% of degraded lands by 2020 – the African Forest Landscape Restoration Initiative (AFR100) during the CoP 21 in Paris – Realization of SDGs especially Goal 15
- 5. FLR OPPORTUNITIES ASSESSMENT Kenya has carried out a national assessment of FLR challenges and opportunities through a multi-stakeholder process towards the goal of 10% tree cover target – The assessment was coordinated by the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources through the Kenya Forest Service (KFS) – Support provided by Clinton Climate Initiative, WRI, and GBM. Funds were provided by the German Ministry of Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety (BMUB)
- 6. THE PROCESS: RESTORATION OPPORTUNITY ASSESSMENT METHOD (ROAM) Step 1 Identified land use challenges Step 2 Identified and mapped landscape restoration options Step 3 Initiated cost-benefit analysis, including carbon sequestration potential Step 4 Initiated analysis on enabling conditions – policies, market, and institutions Stakeholderconsultation
- 7. Regulation of soil quality Woody biomass Regulation of water timing and flows Forest habitat and corridors Non-timber tree products 6. Soil erosion 7. Siltation/ sedimentation of waterbodies 3. Loss of soil fertility 5. Deforestation 2. Forest degradation 1. Habitat fragmentation/ loss of biodiversity 4. Overgrazing 8. Water stress 10. Landslides 9. Flooding Regulation of landslides Regulation of flooding Freshwater quality Erosion control 11. Climate change mitigation Carbon sequestration COMMON LAND USE CHALLENGES ECOSYSTEM SERVICES TO BE RESTORED Regulation of local climate Freshwater quantity RESULTS:
- 8. LANDSCAPE RESTORATION OPTIONS Afforestation/Reforestatin Natural forest Restocking of degraded forests Tree-based buffer zone along waterbodies and wetlands Tree-based buffer zone along roads and railways Agro-Forestry Commercial plantations (including Bamboo) Silvo-pastoral and Rangeland restoration Regulation of soil quality Woody biomass Regulation of water timing and flows Forest habitat and corridors Non-timber tree products Regulation of landslides Regulation of flooding Freshwater quality Erosion control Carbon sequestration ECOSYSTEM SERVICES TO BE RESTORED Regulation of local climate Freshwater quantity RESULTS:
- 9. RESULTS: MAPS FOR 7 PRIORITY LANDSCAPE RESTORATION OPTIONS FOR KENYA Based on a detailed assessment criteria developed by the national FLR stakeholders, 7 priority landscape restoration options were identified and mapped as follows: 1. Afforestation and reforestation of natural forests 2. Rehabilitation of degraded natural forests 3. Agro-forestry 4. Commercial plantations (including bamboo) 5. Silvo-pastoral and rangeland restoration 6. Tree-based buffer zones along water bodies and wetlands 7. Tree-based buffer zones along roadways
- 10. Total area: 38.8 million ha • Tree-based restoration: 13.1 million ha • Rangeland restoration: 25.7 million ha RESULTS: 7 PRIORITY LANDSCAPE RESTORATION OPTIONS FOR KENYA
- 11. LANDSCAPE RESTORATION TARGET Preliminary conservative analysis suggests that under this scenario, the carbon sequestration potential could be more than 130Mega tonnes of CO2-e by 2063 (Source – SLEEK)
- 12. SYSTEM FOR LAND-BASED EMISSION ESTIMATION IN KENYA Establishing baselines and tracking emissions from the land-based sector
- 13. NATIONAL DIAGNOSTIC ON ENABLING CONDITIONS FOR SCALING UP RESTORATION A national stakeholders forum undertook preliminary assessment on enabling conditions for scaling up restoration work in Kenya led by the State Department of Natural Resources. • The aim of this assessment was to identify enabling factors/conditions required to support restoration at scale • Priority themes that were highlighted across landscapes were: o enterprise and market conditions development, institutional conditions, knowledge, finance, incentives and benefits.
- 14. NATIONAL DIAGNOSTIC ON ENABLING CONDITIONS FOR SCALING UP RESTORATION… CONT’D There were 5 key recurring issues from the diagnostic assessment: • Development of alternatives that address competing demands on forest resources (herbs, grassing, charcoal, timber, etc.) • Policies and legislation that define institutional framework, incentives, roles, responsibilities and coordination • Capacity building and incorporation of local knowledge • Access to resources – financial and human resources • Establishment of effective monitoring, evaluation and reporting systems
- 15. NATIONAL FLR STAKEHOLDER MAPPING Initiated a detailed National FLR stakeholder mapping exercise The aim of this exercise was: – to identify the main stakeholders involved in the FLR in Kenya, how they are linked to each other, and how they can influence the scaling up process – provide information on who to engage with (and how to engage them) in addressing the key enabling factors identified in the diagnostic assessment
- 16. PARTICIPANTS MAPPING THE NATIONAL FLR STAKEHOLDER INTEGRATED LINKAGES IN KENYA 1. Who are the actors involved? 2. What are the types of links? 3. How are the actors linked? 4. How much interest do the actors have in the issue? 5. How much influence do the actors have?
- 17. RESULTS OF THE NATIONAL FLR STAKEHOLDER MAPPING PROCESS
- 18. KEY FLR PLANNED ACTIVITIES ON ACHIEVING THE 5.1 MILLION HA TARGET FOR AFR100 Following the completion of identification of land use challenges and FLR Opportunity Assessment Mapping, Kenya shall embark on: • Carrying out cost benefit analysis on the 7 landscape restoration options • Completing analysis of enabling conditions for FLR implementation • Mobilizing stakeholders, resources and creating awareness • Establishing linkages between National and County level FLR assessments, target setting, resources mobilization, implementation and coordination • Developing a monitoring and evaluation system
- 19. FACILITATIVE PROGRAM FOR FLR ACTIVITIES IN KENYA The National Forest Program (NFP) will be published before end of 2016. NFP goal is to sustainably manage, conserve, restore forests and allied resources for growth and climate resilience • NFP is a strategic framework for policy, planning and implementation • FLR is aligned to the NFP 8 clusters on: forest productivity, forest governance, forest & climate change, forest financing, forest for energy & water, and forestry education, training and research
- 20. SOME EXAMPLES OF CURRENT FLR PROJECTS IN KENYA • Support to SME in private forest development by the Government of Germany and GoK through a signed MOU • A 6 years’ project on restoration of 2 of the 5 major water towers funded by the EU Picture shows Embobut Forest – Elgeyo Marakwet County
- 21. MAIN CHALLENGES FOR FLR IMPLEMENTATION IN KENYA • Financial resources • Awareness • Synergies and coordination • Access to markets and incentives for FLR • Harmonization of policies and legislation for mainstreaming sectors • Inadequate research • Monitoring and reporting system
- 22. WHAT COULD BE AFR100 ROLE IN HELPING ADDRESS THESE CHALLENGES AFR100 has a key role in supporting Kenya’s FLR implementation and coordination at the regional level including: • Resources for carrying out cost benefit analysis • Completion of the analysis of enabling conditions for FLR implementation • Mobilization of stakeholders, resources and creating awareness • Establishing linkages between National and County level FLR assessments, target setting, implementation and coordination • Developing a monitoring and evaluation system
- 23. THANK YOU