This document discusses keyloggers and spyware. It defines a keylogger as a program that records keyboard inputs in the background to retrieve passwords and other information for attackers. There are hardware-based keyloggers that plug into computers and software-based keyloggers that are installed as surveillance programs. Spyware aims to gather user information without consent to send to third parties. It can consist of hidden functionality on apps or websites to track user interests for marketing through cookies, ads, and standalone surveillance software including keyloggers. The document provides types of each and recommends prevention methods like antivirus software and firewalls.