Kubernetes and the 12 factor cloud apps
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The document discusses how Kubernetes and the 12 factors of cloud applications relate. It provides an overview of each of the 12 factors and examples of how they can be implemented using Kubernetes. Key takeaways include designing stateless applications, keeping environments similar between development and production, and preferring managed services for persistence. The document encourages decoupling infrastructure complexity from application code and ensuring applications can scale and are monitored properly.
Kubernetes and the 12 factor cloud apps
- 1. Kubernetes & the 12 factors cloud applications Ana Maria Mihalceanu #JBCNConf2019
- 2. @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG HELLO! I am Ana Technical Lead @ IBM Co-founder of Bucharest Software Craftsmanship Community
- 3. Why 12 factors & Kubernetes? @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG
- 4. Why 12 factors & Kubernetes? @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG Evolution Declarative formats
- 5. Why 12 factors & Kubernetes? @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG Run at push of a button Evolution Declarative formats Scale up with minimal changes Declarative formats Scale up with minimal changes
- 6. Why 12 factors & Kubernetes? @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG Portability Run at push of a button Evolution Declarative formats Scale up with minimal changes Clean Contract
- 7. Why 12 factors & Kubernetes? @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG PortabilityLocal vs production Run at push of a button Evolution Declarative formats Scale up with minimal changes Clean Contract Continuous deployment
- 9. FACTOR 1 - CODEBASE @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG One codebase tracked in revision control, with multiple deployments.
- 11. FACTOR 1 - CODEBASE @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG HELM v2.x.y
- 12. FACTOR 2 - DEPENDENCIES @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG Explicitly declare and isolate dependencies.
- 13. FACTOR 3 - CONFIGURATION @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG
- 14. FACTOR 3 - CONFIGURATION @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG Store configuration in the environment. kubectl create secret docker-registry ${SECRET_NAME} --namespace ${CLUSTER_NAMESPACE} --docker-server=${REGISTRY} --docker-password=${TOKEN} --docker-username=iamapikey --docker-email=a@b.com
- 15. FACTOR 3 - CONFIGURATION @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG Store configuration in the environment. kubectl create secret docker-registry ${SECRET_NAME} --namespace ${CLUSTER_NAMESPACE} --docker-server=${REGISTRY} --docker-password=${TOKEN} --docker-username=iamapikey --docker-email=a@b.com
- 16. FACTOR 4 – BACKING SERVICE @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG
- 17. Treat backing services as attached resources. FACTOR 4 – BACKING SERVICE @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG apiVersion: v1 kind: Secret metadata: name: cloudant type: Opaque data: binding: {}
- 18. FACTOR 4 – BACKING SERVICE @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG Treat backing services as attached resources. apiVersion: v1 kind: Secret metadata: name: cloudant type: Opaque data: binding: {}
- 19. FACTOR 4 – BACKING SERVICE @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG Treat backing services as attached resources. apiVersion: v1 kind: Secret metadata: name: cloudant type: Opaque data: binding: {}
- 20. FACTOR 5 – BUILD, RELEASE, RUN @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG
- 21. FACTOR 5 – BUILD, RELEASE, RUN @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG Strictly separate build and run stages.
- 22. FACTOR 5 – BUILD, RELEASE, RUN @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG
- 24. FACTOR 6 – PROCESSES @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG Execute the app as one or more stateless processes. Container Filesystem Persistent VolumeVolume
- 25. FACTOR 6 – PROCESSES @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG kubectl apply –f ${CREATE_VOLUME}.yaml kubectl apply –f ${COPY_SCRIPTS_POLLER}.yaml kubectl cp ./scripts ${POD}:/${LOCATION} kubectl apply –f ${USE_SCRIPTS}.yaml
- 26. FACTOR 7 – PORT BINDING @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG kubectl apply –f ${FILE}
- 27. FACTOR 7 – PORT BINDING @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG Export services via port binding.
- 28. FACTOR 7 – PORT BINDING @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG Export services via port binding. kubectl expose deployment/${NAME} --type=”${SERVICE_TYPE}” --name=${SERVICE_NAME}
- 29. FACTOR 8 – CONCURRENCY @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG Scale out via the process model.
- 30. FACTOR 8 – CONCURRENCY @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG kubectl autoscale deployment {$DEPLOYMENT} --min=${MIN_PODS} --max=${MAX_PODS} --cpu-percent=${CPU} --namespace=${NAMESPACE}
- 31. FACTOR 8 – CONCURRENCY @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG kubectl autoscale deployment {$DEPLOYMENT} --min=${MIN_PODS} --max=${MAX_PODS} --cpu-percent=${CPU} --namespace=${NAMESPACE} 𝐝𝐞𝐬𝐢𝐫𝐞𝐝𝐑𝐞𝐩𝐥𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐬 = ceil(currentReplicas × currentMetricValue 𝐝𝐞𝐬𝐢𝐫𝐞𝐝𝐌𝐞𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐕𝐚𝐥𝐮𝐞 )
- 32. FACTOR 9 – DISPOSABILITY @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG Fast startup Graceful shutdown Maximize robustness with
- 33. FACTOR 9 – DISPOSABILITY @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG Fast startup Graceful shutdown Maximize robustness with helm upgrade ${RELEASE} ${CHART} --recreate-pods
- 34. FACTOR 9 – DISPOSABILITY @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG Application boot time
- 35. FACTOR 9 – DISPOSABILITY @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG Rolling update one after another
- 37. FACTOR 10 – DEV PROD PARITY @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG Time People Tools
- 38. FACTOR 10 – DEV PROD PARITY @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG Keep development, staging and production as similar as possible. kubectl create namespace ${NAMESPACE}
- 39. FACTOR 11 – LOGS @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG
- 40. FACTOR 11 – LOGS @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG Treat logs as event streams. kubectl create secret generic logdna-agent-key --from-literal=logdna-agent-key=<ingestion_key> kubectl create -f https://repo.logdna.com/ibm/prod/logdna-agent-ds- us-south.yaml
- 41. FACTOR 12 – ADMIN PROCESSES @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG Run admin/management tasks as one-off processes. kubectl create configmap ${CONFIG} --from-file=scripts/ -o yaml kubectl apply –f ${ONE_TIME_JOB_CONFIGURATION}
- 42. @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG TAKEAWAYS Decouple Decouple infrastructure complexity from your application code. Managed Services Prefer managed services in matters involving persistency. Environment Parity Keep your environments as similar as possible.
- 43. @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG TAKEAWAYS Stateless Design your application as stateless. Scale Your application should be able to process diverse workloads. Monitor Use appropriate logging in application code and implement cluster-level logging.
- 44. @ammbra1508#GDG #BJUG The strongest factor for success is self-esteem. Believing you can do it, believing you deserve it, believing you will get it. Anonymous “ “